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temporal lobe epilepsy animal model established by stereotaxic microinjection of kainic acid

Neural Regeneration Research 2008年第4期3卷 436-440页

作者： Zheng Wu Qi Xu Ruobing Qian Feng Yu Lian Yu Dehu Kong Liecheng Wang Department of Physiology Anhui Medical University Hefei 230032 Anhui Province China Department of Neurosurgery Anhui Provincial Hospital Anhui Medical University Hefei 230001 Anhui Province China Department of Neurology Anhui Provincial Hospital Anhui Medical University Hefei 230001 Anhui Province China Anhui Provincial Stereotactic Neurosurgical Institute Anhui Provincial Hospital Anhui Medical University Hefei 230001China

BACKGROUND： Kainic acid can be used to induce a model of epilepsy by systemic injection, such as intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injection. Individual rats have different responses to kainic acid, therefore high doses of drug are required and the success rate of model induction is low. It is necessary to develop an improved method to establish a temporal lobe epilepsy （TLE） animal model. OBJECTIVE： To explore an economic, stable and efficient method of establishing a TLE animal model. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A completely randomized, controlled study. The experiments were performed in the Cellular Function Laboratory of the Physiology Department, Anhui Medical University from March to July 2007. MATERIALS： Twenty adult male Wistar rats, weighing 230-260 g, were provided by the Experimental Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University. Kainic acid was purchased from Sigma in USA. Type SN-2 stereotaxic apparatus was made by Narishge in Japan. METHODS： Wistar rats were randomly divided into a kainic acid （KA） group （n = 12） and a normal saline （NS） group （n = 8）. For intrahippocampal microinjection, a burr hole was drilled in the skull at the following stereotaxic coordinates： anteroposterior （AP） 4.1 mm caudal to bregma; lateral （ML） 4.2 mm right lateral to the midline. Rats in the KA group were injected with 2.5 μL KA （0.4 g/L） into the center of the CA3 region, while in the NS group the same volume of NS was injected into the same site. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Both groups were monitored under a video capture system for 12 weeks to record spontaneous seizures. Intracranial eletroencepholograph （IEEG） recordings in vivo were performed after the behavioral observations. After the IEEG recordings, hippocampi were processed into coronal sections. Nissl and Timm stainings were then performed to observe and confirm pathology. RESULTS： Twenty rats were involved in the final analysis. Behavioral observations： the eadiest spontaneous onset of epilepsy appeared 2 weeks after injection of KA. Eight rats had spontaneous onset

关键词： epilepsy temporal lobe kainic acid microinjections

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A study of medial and lateral temporal lobe epilepsy based on stereoelectroencephalography

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第1期134卷 68-72页

作者： Xiao-Ming Yan Cui-Ping Xu Yu-Ping Wang Kai Ma Tao Yu Xiao-Hua Zhang Xi Zhang Run-Shi Gao Guo-Jun Zhang Yong-Jie Li Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Department of Neurology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China

Background:Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE)originating from different seizure onset zones had distinct electrophysiological characteristics and surgical outcomes.In this study,we aimed to investigate the relationship between the origin and prognosis of TLE,and the stereoelectroencephalography(SEEG)features.Methods:Thirty patients with TLE,who underwent surgical treatment in our functional neurosurgery department from January 2016 to December 2017,were enrolled in this study.All patients underwent anterior temporal lobectomy after an invasive preoperative evaluation with SEEG.Depending on the epileptic focus location,patients were divided into those with medial temporal lobe seizures(MTLS)and those with lateral temporal lobe seizures(LTLS).The Engel classification was used to evaluate operation effectiveness,and the Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to detect seizure-free duration.Results:The mean follow-up time was 25.7±4.8 months.Effectiveness was 63.3%for Engel I(n=19),13.3%for Engel II,3.3%for Engel III,and 20.0%for Engel IV.According to the SEEG,60.0%(n=18)had MTLS,and 40.0%(n=12)had LTLS.Compared with the MTLS group,the operation age of those with LTLS was significantly greater(26.9±6.9 vs.29.9±12.5 years,t=-0.840,P=0.009)with longer epilepsy duration(11.9±6.0 vs.17.9±12.1 years,t=-1.801,P=0.038).Patients with MTLS had a longer time interval between ictal onset to seizure(67.3±59.1 s vs.29.3±24.4 s,t=2.017,P=0.008).The most common SEEG ictal pattern was a sharp/spike-wave rhythm in the MTLS group(55.6%)and low-voltage fast activity in the LTLS group(58.3%).Compared with the LTLS group,patients with MTLS had a more favorable prognosis(41.7%vs.77.8%,P=0.049).Post-operative recurrence was more likely to occur within three months after the operation for both groups,and there appeared to be a stable longterm outcome.Conclusion:Patients with MTLS,who accounted for three-fifths of patients with TLE,showed a more favorable surgical outcome.

关键词： Epilepsy Stereoelectroencephalography Surgical outcome temporal lobe

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Diffusion tensor imaging in medial temporal lobe epilepsy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第15期119卷 1237-1241页

作者： YU Ai-hong LI Kun-cheng YU Chun-shui WANG Yu-ping XUE Su-fang Department of Radiology Xuanwu Hospital Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing 100053 China Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing 100053 China

Background Diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） is a noninvasive imaging technique for the assessment of the integrity of cerebral tissues. This study was undertaken to assess the changes of diffusion indices of hippocampal formation （HF） in patients with medial temporal lobe epilepsy （MTLE）. Methods Fourteen patients with MTLE and 14 healthy subjects were evaluated. Mean diffusivity （MD） and fractional anisotropy （FA） from the symmetrical-voxel sampling regions of the anterior HF were calculated in all subjects. The MD and FA values were compared across the groups. Results No significant differences of MD and FA values were noted between right and left HF in the controls. In the patient group, MD significantly increased in the HF ipsilateral to the lesioned side [（9.27±1.09）×10^-4 mm^2/s], compared with the values in the contralateral HF [（8.20±0.59）×10^-4 min^2]s] （t = 4.479, P = 0.001） and healthy subjects [（7.58±0.51）×10^-4 mm^2/s] （P 〈 0.001）, but no significant differences were found in FA. When compared with the controls, patients had a significantly higher MD in the contralateral HF （P 〈 0.05）, but the difference in FA was not statistically significant. Conclusions DTI could detect hippocampal abnormality in patients with MTLE. This technique may be helpful for preoperative evaluation of such patients.

关键词： diffusion tensor imaging epilepsy temporal lobe

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Treatment and Outcome of Epileptogenic temporal Cavernous Malformations

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第7期128卷 909-913页

作者： Yong-Zhi Shan Xiao-Tong Fan Liang Meng Yang An Jian-Kun Xu Guo-Guang Zhao Department of Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China

Background： The aim of this study is to explore the treatment and outcome ofepileptogenic temporal lobe cavernous malformations （CMs）. Methods： We analyzed retrospectively the profiles of 52 patients diagnosed as temporal lobe CMs associated with epilepsy. Among the 52 cases, 11 underwent a direct resection of CM along with the adjacent zone of hemosiderin rim without electrocorticogram （ECoG） monitoring while the other 41 cases had operations under the guidance of ECoG. Forty-six patients were treated by lesionectomy ＋ hemosiderin rim while the other six were treated by lesionectomy ＋ hemosiderin rim along with extended epileptogenic zone resection. The locations of lesions, the duration of illness, the manifestation, the excision ranges and the outcomes of postoperative follow-up were analyzed, respectively. Results： All of the 52 patients were treated by microsurgery. There was no neurological deficit through the long-term follow-up. Outcomes of seizure control are as follows： 42 patients （80.8%） belong to Engel Class I, 5 patients （9.6%） belong to Engel Class II, 3 patients （5.8%） belong to Engel Class Ill and 2 patients （3.8%） belong to Engel Class IV. Conclusion： Patients with epilepsy caused by temporal CMs should be treated as early as possible. Resection of the lesion and the surrounding hemosiderin zone is necessary. Moreover, an extended excision of epileptogenic cortex or cerebral lobes is needed to achieve a better prognosis if the ECoG indicates the existence of an extra epilepsy onset origin outside the lesion itself.

关键词： Cavernous Mallbrmation Electrocorticogram Epilepsy Surgery temporal lobe

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基于弥散张量成像技术探讨针刺对脑梗死后吞咽障碍患者神经重塑的研究

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World Journal of Acupuncture-Moxibustion 2023年第2期33卷 118-125页

作者：郑冲吴文宝范道丰连清清郭芳汤琅琅龙岩市第一医院神经内科福建龙岩龙岩市第一医院针灸科福建龙岩龙岩市第一医院放射科福建龙岩

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of acupuncture among patients with dysphagia after cerebral infarction, and the nerve remodeling of acupuncture using diffusion tensor imaging.MethodsOne hundred and twenty patients with dysphagia after cerebral infarction were randomly assigned to either acupuncture group or sham-acupuncture group with a 1:1 ratio. All patients received usual care and swallowing function training of neurology department. Additionally, acupuncture was applied at Sìshéncōng (四神聪EX-HN1), Băihuì (百会GV20), Tàiyáng (太阳EX-HN5), Fēngchí (风池GB20) and Shésānzhēn (舌三针three-tongue needling points, Extra) in acupuncture group. The needles were retained for 30 min each time, and five times a week for three weeks as a course of treatment. Two courses of treatments were required in total. In sham-acupuncture group, the blunt needles were put into the needle sleeve, and the top of needle was fixed on the skin. During treatment the blunt needle tip only had slight contact with the skin without any penetration. The blunt needle tips were placed on EX-HN1, GV20, EX-HN5, GB20 and three-tongue needling points, respectively. The duration of treatment in sham-acupuncture group was the same as that in acupuncture group. Before and after treatment, all patients underwent Kubota water swallowing test to evaluate the clinical effect. Using diffusion tensor image (DTI), the nerve remodeling was detected.ResultsClinical effect: After treatment and assessed by water swallowing test, there were 38 cases of normal swallowing function in acupuncture group, higher than 15 cases in sham-acupuncture group (P 0.05);(2) fractional anisotropy (FA): after treatme

关键词： Acupuncture and moxibustion Dysphagia temporal lobe Diffusion tensor imaging Remodeling

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Cell apoptosis in perihematomal brain regions and expression of Caspase-3 protein in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2006年第5期1卷 420-423页

作者： Xinqing Zhang Xiaoliang Yin Kun Zhang Zhimin Zhang Hui Cai Honglan Xu Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital Beijing 100022 China Department of Pathology Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital Beijing 100022 China

BACKGROUND： In patients with intracerebral hemorrhage （ICH）, besides the space-occupying effect of hematoma, hematomal component also causes the pathological changes of perihematomal region, including the death of neurons and glial cells, vasogenic brain edema, the destruction of blood brain barrier and so on, which are the important factors to influence the prognosis of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to perform further investigation and study on the pathological characteristics of injury and death of brain nerve cells. OBJECTIVE： To observe the pathological changes of apoptosis and Caspase-3 expression in perihematomal brain regions in patients with hypertensive ICH （HICH） in different stages of onset, and analyze their relationship. DESIGN ： Case-control observation. SETTING： Departments of Neurosurgery and Pathology of Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital.PARTICIPANTS： Totally 19 patients with HICH, including 12 male, 7 female, aged （58.3±12.8） ranging from 49 to 78 years, whose mean volume of hemorrhage was （48.6±16.4） mL, were involved . All the cases conformed to the diagnostic criteria of intracerebral hemorrhage formulated in the 4^th National Cerebrovascular Diseases Conference and were confirmed by skull CT scanning. Informed consents of operation and specimens were obtained from the patients and relatives. METHODS： ①Patients with HICH who had undergone surgical evacuation of an intracerebral hematoma by traverse temporal lobe approach in the Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital from January 2004 to July 2005 were involved. Nineteen specimens of brain tissue from perihematomal region of HICH patients in different phases served as patient group. Five specimens were obtained from distant regions of patients in the super-early phase as the control group. According to the time from onset to operation, the 19 cases were divided into 3 groups： 6 cases in super-early phase（onset 〈 8 hours）, 8 cases in early phase （onset about 8 to 24 hours） and 5 cases in delayed phase（onset 〉 24 ho

关键词： intracerebral hemorrhage cell apoptosis correlation analysis pathological characteristics immunohistochemical staining visual field signal transduction diagnostic criteria blood brain barrier protein expression measurement data temporal lobe nerve cells CT scanning brain edema

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Right anterior cingulate gyrus in encephalic region associated with integrating and processing Chinese words information in working memory: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2006年第5期1卷 385-389页

作者： Daxing Wu Lirong Yan Changlian Tan Dewen Hu Wai Cheong Carl Tam Yadong Liu Zongtan Zhou Xiang Wang Ding Liu Shuqiao Yao The Medical Psychological Research Center Second Xiang~aHospital of Central South University Changsha 410011Hunan Province China College of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation the National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073Hunan Province China the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410011 Hunan Province China Department of Psychology Chung Yuan Christian University Chung LiTaiwan

BACKGROUND ： Many experimental results have been found in previous studies on whether laterality of brain cingulate gyrus exists in processing Chinese words information. OBJECTIVE ： To observe the function of right anterior cingulate gyrus and activation showed by MRI in processing Chinese words in a visual working memory judgment tasks, and evaluate the laterality of activated brain regions. DESIGN ： Observation experiment SETTING ： The Medical Psychological Research Center, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.PARTICIPANTS： Thirteen healthy volunteers （7 males and 6 females）, aged （29±7）years ranging from 23 to 36 years old, participated in this fMRI study dunng August 2003 to Febuary 2004. They gave informed consent in accordance with guidelines set by Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. All subjects were native Chinese speakers and strongly right handed. METHODS ： In this study, Chinese numeral words were used as test materials and test mode of Sternberg was used in cognitive task, it was aimed to investigate the encephalic region involved in the storage and processing of Chinese numerical information. ①The head of subject was fixed with dense foam pad. Visual working task was performed according to the requests. Verbal working task was that the subject saw target items for four numerals written in Chinese, presenting for 1.5 s and then, after a short time by blank for 3.0 s. The subject saw one numeral presenting for 1.5 s and had to press one button if it was one of the shown numbers and another button if it did not belong to the presented numbers. There were two visual working memory stimuli in each stimulation block. The experiment was conducted in a single run, which consisted of seven blocks of visual working memory tasks. Different Chinese numerals were displayed in each block to avoid any practice effect （The response rate of the whole working memory task was 50%）. ②The activation of brain was scanned with a 1.5T MRI scanner （GE Signa Twinspeed）（slice thickne

关键词： working memory information in Chinese words working task frontal lobe cerebral cortex temporal lobe parietal lobe healthy volunteers activation volume threshold value result analysis corpus callosum response rate belong to used in mode of

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催产素与创造性思维的关系—趋避动机的调节作用

催产素与创造性思维的关系—趋避动机的调节作用

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作者：郭朝阳华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

创造性思维是人类社会文明不断向前发展的动力。近年来,垂体后叶分泌的催产素由于具有对伴随趋近倾向的人类亲社会行为广泛的促进效应,开始被研究者将其和创造性思维联系起来。然而,催产素和创造性思维关系的实质还不清楚。事实上,催产... 详细信息

创造性思维是人类社会文明不断向前发展的动力。近年来,垂体后叶分泌的催产素由于具有对伴随趋近倾向的人类亲社会行为广泛的促进效应,开始被研究者将其和创造性思维联系起来。然而,催产素和创造性思维关系的实质还不清楚。事实上,催产素受体广泛的分布在中枢神经系统,除了作用于海马体从而促进人类的趋近行为,还会作用于杏仁核调节回避危险的恐惧反应。那么,作为一种趋近动机和回避动机都可以激发的心理过程,创造性思维是否也会受到催产素的调节,这种调节是普遍存在于创造性思维的各个方面吗?会不会因为个体的动机类型不一样而有所区别?对包括参与语义表征的颞叶在内的创造性过程涉及的大脑皮层激活有影响吗?本研究通过以下2个研究来探讨这些问题:实验1考察趋避动机气质对催产素和创造性思维关系的调节作用。由于创造性思维最重要的两个成分分别是发散思维和聚合思维,本实验分别采用常见的物品多用测验(AUT)和中文复合远距离联想测验(CCRAT)测量这两种思维。趋避动机气质类型则根据《BAS/BIS量表中文版》的测量总分数(趋近子量表分数减去回避子量表分数)从高到低进行划分,分数较高的一半被试被人为的划分为趋近组,分数较低的一半被试则为回避组。目前为止催产素的研究方法主要有3种,分别是基因测序、测量血浆催产素含量和鼻内喷射催产素药剂,前面两种方法只能考察催产素和行为的相关关系,第三种方法才可以考察催产素和行为的因果关系。因此,本文采用双盲的、安慰剂对照组的被试内设计,考察相比安慰剂每种动机类型的被试鼻喷催产素后的任务表现变化情况。结果发现,对于趋近组,被试鼻喷催产素后想到的物品用途更加新颖,而且达到显著性水平,但回避组在鼻喷催产素和安慰剂两种条件下的物品多用测验表现没有显著差异。还有,对于测量聚合思维的中文复合远距离联想任务,药物和动机类型的主效应和交互效应都不显著。实验2考察趋避动机状态对催产素和创造性思维关系的调节作用。趋避动机不仅是一种长期稳定的人格特质,而且容易受到日常生活中各种情景的诱发。还有,实验1由于没有对趋避动机进行操纵,研究结果可能会受到其他共变特质的干扰。因此,本文通过没有文化背景限制的回忆个人经历方法随机诱发被试的趋避动机类型。本实验中创造性思维的测量方式和催产素的研究方法和实验1 一样。另外,实验1的聚合思维任务没有显著的结果,为了排除行为反应不够敏感的可能性,实验2随机抽取部分被试接受近红外扫描。实验结果重复验证了实验1的结果,对于诱发趋近动机状态的被试,催产素可以有效的促进其发散思维任务表现的新颖性,但对回避动机状态组却没有这种促进效应。近红外扫描结果支持了行为结果中的交互效应。在发散思维任务中,催产素对趋避动机个体的颞叶、前额叶和角回的激活水平影响不同。其中,相比安慰剂,趋近组鼻喷催产素后颞中回激活减弱、角回激活增强、前额叶去激活有增强趋势;而回避组鼻喷催产素后颞中回和角回激活水平没有显著变化、前额叶去激活减少。我们还发现,由于实验2诱发的趋避动机区分度更高,发散思维任务的流畅性结果出现动机的主效应,具体的是,回避动机启动组比趋近动机启动组的流畅性更好。对于中文复合远距离联想任务,两个自变量的主效应和交互效应并不显著,近红外结果发现只有前额叶激活才出现交互效应,颞叶和颞顶联合区都没有出现交互效应。缺乏多个脑区的共同协作可能是催产素对不同趋避动机个体的聚合思维行为表现影响没有显著差异的原因。总之,本研究发现不管是气质型趋避动机还是暂时诱导的状态型趋避动机都调节了催产素和创造性思维的关系,而且这种调节作用存在任务特异性。具体地是,对于趋近动机组,催产素促进了被试的发散思维的新颖性,但回避动机组鼻喷两种药物后的发散思维表现没有显著差异。聚合思维的研究结果却没有出现类似的交互作用,表明趋避动机对催产素和创造性思维关系的调节作用没有出现在CCRAT测量到的聚合思维中。

关键词：创造性思维发散思维聚合思维催产素趋近动机回避动机 CCRAT AUT Prefrontal lobe temporal lobe Angular gyrus 近红外

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