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Do High-Magnesium Cool-Season Grasses Contemplate Grass Tetany Risk?

Open Journal of Soil Science 2022年第4期12卷 97-118页

作者： Shamima Sabreen Suguru Saiga Rafiq Islam Hasinur Rahman The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Iwate University Morioka Japan Department of Plant Production Faculty of Agriculture Iwate University Morioka Japan Soil Water and Bioenergy Resources The Ohio State University South Centers Piketon OH USA Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences The University of Barishal Barishal Bangladesh

Economic losses associated with grass tetany either of death or poor growth performance of livestock are a growing concern. Breeding of high magnesium (high-Mg) cool-season forage grass (C3) has been a challenging process to minimize the hazards of grass tetany. For appraising the breeding of high Mg-containing cultivars in Japanese Andisol, agronomic properties and grass tetany risk of high-Mg cultivars were compared with commercial cultivars. The high-Mg cultivars of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) were “Magnet”, “HiMag” and “Mgwell”, respectively. The commercial cultivars were viz., Ace, Tachiwase, and Waseyutaka of Italian ryegrass, Hokuryo, Kentucky-31 (Ky-31), and Fawn of tall fescue, and Akimidori and Okamidori of orchardgrass, respectively. Grasses were grown in temperate Andisol under field conditions with standard management practices and were harvested four times during the year. The average plant heights of the high-Mg containing cultivars were lower than the commercial cultivars with the relative range of −7.4%, −3.7%, and −1.5% for Italian ryegrass, tall fescue, and orchard grass species, respectively. The seasonal yield of high-Mg cultivars was ranked as Magnet > HiMag > Mgwell. The Mgwell orchard grass had lower potassium (K) content compared with their respective commercial cultivars with a relative range of −2.2%. Across four harvests, a significantly higher calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) content, and lower grass tetany potential were recorded in high-Mg cultivars when compared to commercial cultivars, irrespective of species. Across four harvests, the lowest grass tetany index, [K/(Ca + Mg)] of 1.36 was recorded in Mgwell orchard grass. The high-Mg cultivars showed the lowest [K/(Ca + Mg)] across four harvests compared to commercial cultivars, promoting the effectiveness of breeding cool-season grass species to control

关键词： Andisol Temperate Italian Ryegrass tall fescue Orchardgrass

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Effects of heat acclimation pretreatment on changes of membrane lipid peroxidation, antioxidant metabolites, and ultrastructure of chloroplasts in two cool-season turfgrass species under heat stress

Effects of heat acclimation pretreatment on changes of membr...

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2006年中国植物逆境生理生态与分子生物学学术研讨会

作者： Sheng Xu Jianlong Li ( Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China) ( School of Life Science, Nanjing Uniersity, Nanjing 210093, China)

The membrane lipid peroxidation, antioxidant metabolites, as well as ultrastructure of chloroplasts of leaves were investigated in two coolseason turfgrass species, perennial ryegrass (heat sensitive)

关键词： Antioxidative systems Chloroplast Heat tolerance Perennial ryegrass tall fescue Reactive oxygen species (ROS)

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Metabolic and proteomic profiling of metabolic pathways associated with improvement in heat tolerance of cool-season grass species by elevated carbon dioxide

Metabolic and proteomic profiling of metabolic pathways asso...

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2013全国植物生物学大会

作者： YU Jingjin HUANG Bingru College of Agro-Grassland Science Nanjing Agricultural University College of Agro-Grassland Science Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Dept.of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers Univ.New BrunswickN.J.USA 08901

Heat is a major factor limiting growth of C grass *** CO may mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress or enhance heat *** objective of this study was to determine metabolic and proteomic changes associated with improvement of heat tolerance by elevated atmospheric CO concentration in tall rescue(Festuca arundinacea),Plants (***) were exposed to ambient day/night temperature(25/20℃) or heat stress (35/30℃) and ambient CO concentration(400+10)μmol·mol or double ambient CO concentration(800±10)μmol·mol in growth *** CO significantly improved tall rescue tolerance to heat stress or mitigated the adverse effects of heat stress,as manifested by greater shoot growth rate and photosynthetic rate,and lower leaf electrolyte *** exposed to heat stress under elevated CO exhibited a significantly greater amount of several organic acids(shikimic acid,malonic acid,threonic acid,glyceric acid,galactaric acid,and citric acid),amino acids(serine,valine,and 5-oxoproline),and carbohydrates(sucrose and maltose) compared to heat-stressed plants at ambient *** improved heat tolerance by elevated CO was also associated with the increase in the abundance of proteins involved in photosynthetic light reactions(chlorophyll a-b binding protein ),electron transport carrier molecule(ferredoxin),and ATP generation enzyme(adolase),as well as higher carbon assimilation efficiency and carboxylation enzyme activities of the Calvin cycle(higher carbon:nitrogen ratio,maximal rate of photosynthetic electron transport,Rubisco activity and Rubisco activation).Elevated CO also induced the accumulation of proteins involved in antioxidant metabolism(ascorbate peroxidase and 2-Cys peroxiredoxin).The increased production or ma- intenance of metabolites and proteins with important biological functions such as those involved in photosynthesis,respiration,and protein metabolism could play a role in elevated CO-mitigation of heat stress damage.

关键词： tall fescue heat stress metabolite protein

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Winter Overseeding Zoysiagrass Sports Turf with Cool-Season Turfgrasses in the Southern China

Winter Overseeding Zoysiagrass Sports Turf with Cool-Season ...

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中国草学会青年工作委员会学术研讨会

作者： ZHANG Juming LUO Jing ZHANG Jing LIN Shanshan MO Shixu LU Lijiuan (South Grass Research Center of South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

The effects of four cool-season turfgrasses and four seeding rates of each species on winter -spring quality and subsequent transition of‘Lanyin Ⅲ’zoysiagrass(Zoysia japonica)sports turf were conducted in Guangzhou,*** results demonstrated that higher overseeding rates can provide greater winter-spring quality but do not enhance the transition to zoysiagrass over lower overseeding *** ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum)transited to zoysiagrass bet- ter than perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne),but the overseeded winter-spring quality of an- nual ryegrass was *** ryegrass was too persistent to fully transit to zoysia- grass even under high summer *** blurgrass(Poa trivialis)appeared not suit- able for overseeding due to its weakness in competition and the difference in appearance com- pared with *** fescue(fescue arundinacea)was found to be the best species for winter overseeding on the zoysiagrass turf among the four cool-season turfgrasses studied be- cause of its moderate competition in spring and the similarity inappearance with zoysiagrass. After evaluation of‘Lanyin Ⅲ’zoysiagrass sports turf overseeded with tall fescue from winter to spring,it is suggested that winter overseeding rates of tall fescue should be between 20-30g m .

关键词： ‘Lanyin Ⅲ’zoysiagrass transition annual ryegrass perennial ryegrass rough bluegrass tall fescue green up winter dormancy

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