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New contributions to the phylogeny of the ciliate class Heterotrichea(Protista,Ciliophora):analyses at family-genus level and new evolutionary hypotheses

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第4期64卷 606-620页

作者： Yong Chi Xiangrui Chen Yuqing Li Chundi Wang Tengteng Zhang Alex Ayoub Alan Warren Weibo Song Yuanyuan Wang Instiue of Evoluion&Marine Biodiversity and College of Fisheries Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China School of Marine Sciences Ningbo University Ningbo 315211China Department of Pathology University of MichiganAnn Arbor M148109USA Deparmen of Life Sciences Narural Histony MuseumLondon SW75BDUK Laboratory for Marine Biology&Biotechnologr.Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266003China College of Marine Life Sciences Ocean Universiy of ChinaQingdao 266003.China

Heterotrichous ciliates play an important role in aquatic ecosystem energy flow processes and many are model organisms for research in cytology,regenerative biology,and *** the present study,we combine both morphological and molecular data to infer phylogenetic relationships at family-genus level and propose new evolutionary hypotheses for the class *** main results include:(1)96 new ribosomal DNA sequences from 36 populations,representing eight families and 13 genera,including three poorly annotated genera,Folliculinopsis,Ampullofolliculina and Linostomella;(2)the earliest-branching families are Spirostomidae in single-gene trees and Peritromidae in the concatenated tree,but the family Peritromidae probably represents the basal lineage based on its possession of many"primitive"morphological characters;(3)some findings in molecular trees are not supported by morphological evidence,such as the family Blepharismidae is one of the most recent branches and the relationship between Fabreidae and Folliculinidae is very close;(4)the systematic positions of Condylostomatidae,Climacostomidae,and Gruberiidae remain uncertain based either on morphological or molecular data;and(5)the monophyly of each genus included in the present study is supported by the molecular phylogenetic trees,except for Blepharisma in the SSU r DNA tree and Folliculina in the ITS1-5.8 S-ITS2 tree.

关键词： evolutionary hypothesis molecular cladogram morphological cladogram multi-gene systematic relationship

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