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HEALTHCARE: A COMPLEX SERVICE system

Journal of systems Science and systems Engineering 2009年第3期18卷 257-282页

作者： James M. TIEN Pascal J. GOLDSCHMIDT-CLERMONT Dean College of Engineering University of Miami Coral GablesFlorida USA Dean Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Coral GablesFlorida USA

Healthcare is indeed a complex service system, one requiring the technobiology approach of systems engineering to underpin its development as an integrated and adaptive system. In general, healthcare services are carried out with knowledge-intensive agents or components which work together as providers and consumers to create or co-produce value. Indeed, the engineering design of a healthcare system must recognize the fact that it is actually a complex integration of human-centered activities that is increasingly dependent on information technology and knowledge. Like any service system, healthcare can be considered to be a combination or recombination of three essential components - people （characterized by behaviors, values, knowledge, etc.）, processes （characterized by collaboration, customization, etc.） and products （characterized by software, hardware, infrastructures, etc.）. Thus, a healthcare system is an integrated and adaptive set of people, processes and products. It is, in essence, a system of systems which objectives are to enhance its efficiency （leading to greater interdependency） and effectiveness （leading to improved health）. Integration occurs over the physical, temporal, organizational and functional dimensions, while adaptation occurs over the monitoring, feedback, cybernetic and learning dimensions. In sum, such service systems as healthcare are indeed complex, especially due to the uncertainties associated with the human-centered aspects of these systems. Moreover, the system complexities can only be dealt with methods that enhance system integration and adaptation.

关键词： Services healthcare system integration system adaptation system complexity system of systems customization co-production decision informatics real-time decision making

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2kbps2.4kbps Low complexity Interpolative Vocoder

2kbps2.4kbps Low Complexity Interpolative Vocoder

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1998 International Conference on Communication Technology

作者： Jiang Hao Cui huijuan Tang kun Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University

ISBN: (纸本)7800908275

In this paper a 2kbps .4kbps low complexity interpolative speech coding algorithm is *** speech coder takes the good ideal of Waveform Interpolation,but adopts a different framework to simplify the system *** pass analysis is made to estimate the random component in the speech excitation and used to estimate contour of the random prototype in the synthesis procedure. Synthesis algorithm both in the time domain and frequency domain are *** paper also presents some important techniques such as oneframe look ahead pitch smoothing algorithm and parameter *** speech coding scheme has been real-time implemented on a 200Hz personal computer.

关键词： vocoders speech coding interpolation quantisation (signal) computational complexity parameter estimation time-domain synthesis frequency-domain analysis speech synthesis linear predictive coding smoothing methods low complexity interpolative vocoder interpolative speech coding algorithm speech coder waveform interpolation system complexity band pass analysis random component estimation speech excitation random prototype contour estimation time domain synthesis algorithm frequency domain synthesis algorithm one-frame look ahead pitch smoothing algorithm parameter quantization personal computer real-time implementation LPC 2 to 2.4 kbit/s

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Complex Adaptive Supply Chain Network:the State of the Art

Complex Adaptive Supply Chain Network:the State of the Art

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2009中国控制与决策会议

作者： Jihui Zhang~1,Junqin Xu~2,Yushuang Liu~3 1.Institute of complexity Science,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China 2.School of Mathematical Science,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China 3.College of Science,Qingdao University of Science & Technology,Qingdao 266071,China

＜正＞With the economic globalization,networking,rapid development of IT and customization of customer requirements, supply chains must adaptively respond to its dynamic environment and customer requirements in order to keep long-term survival in a rigorous competition *** supply chains must change to adaptive supply networks （ASN）.It is significant to study thoroughly the conception,characters and enabling technologies of ASN in current competitive market *** have gained focus of both academic and practice *** paper gives a brief survey on ASN including definition,properties,research status and future trend.

关键词： Supply Chain Management Adaptive Supply Network system complexity Learning and Adaptation

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数字化社会的系统复杂性研究

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管理科学 2022年第12期

作者：王芳郭雷

数字化时代造就了前所未有的社会系统复杂性。本文首先从演化复杂性、认知复杂性与调控复杂性3个方面，系统阐述了数字化社会的系统复杂性特征和内涵。一是“人在回路”中解析化的感知计算、网络化的泛在关联、智能化的博弈演化，不断... 详细信息

数字化时代造就了前所未有的社会系统复杂性。本文首先从演化复杂性、认知复杂性与调控复杂性3个方面，系统阐述了数字化社会的系统复杂性特征和内涵。一是“人在回路”中解析化的感知计算、网络化的泛在关联、智能化的博弈演化，不断加剧社会系统演化复杂性；二是物理世界与信息空间融为一体，虚实世界中的自主性、可靠性、公正性，挑战着人类的复杂性认知能力；三是技术发展应用与社会价值追求的冲突与协调，构成调控复杂性的底层逻辑，进一步体现为主体平衡性、价值协同性、发展统一性3个层面。在此基础上，本文进一步提出对数字化社会复杂系统调控的若干原则和相应策略。系统复杂性研究将有助于认识和把握数字化社会系统的基本规律，避免发展的异化。

关键词：数字化社会复杂系统系统复杂性社会价值社会治理 digital society complex systems system complexity social value social governance

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