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Characterization and Molecular Mapping of a Stripe Rust Resistance Gene in synthetic wheat CI110

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第4期11卷 521-527页

作者： REN Qiang LIU Hui-juan ZHANG Zeng-yan FENG Jing XU Shi-chang PU Zong-jun XIN Zhi-yong The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193 P.R.China Crop Research Institute Sichun Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu 610066 P.R. China

Stripe rust,caused by Puccinia striiformis ***（Pst）,is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat（Triticum aestivum L.）.To diversify stripe rust-resistant resources for wheat breeding programs,a CIMMYT synthetic wheat line CI110 was identified to be resistant to 28 isolates of Pst,including 6 Chinese prevalent races *** analysis indicated that a single dominant gene was responsible for the stripe rust resistance in CI110,temporarily designated YrC110.A molecular map,harboring YrC110 and 9 linked SSR markers,was constructed through simple sequence repeat（SSR）,and bulked segregant *** linked markers and YrC110 were assigned on the short arm of chromosome 1B using the Chinese Spring nullisomic-tetrasomic and ditelosomic *** postulation based on seedling reaction patterns to 30 Pst isolates suggested that the resistance gene YrC110 seemed different from the other known resistance genes tested,such as Yr9,Yr10,Yr15,Yr24,and Yr26/*** SSR markers Xbarc187150,Xgwm18227,Xgwm11223,and Xbarc240292 distinguished YrC110 from Yr10,Yr15,Yr24,and Yr26/YrCH42,and could be used as diagnostic ones for YrC110 in wheat resistant breeding programs against stripe rust.

关键词： synthetic wheat Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici resistance gene simple sequence repeat(SSR) marker gene postulation

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Discovery of quantitative trait loci for crossability from a synthetic wheat genotype

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2011年第8期38卷 373-378页

作者： Li Zhang Jin Wang Ronghua Zhou Jizeng Jia China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China Agricultural Economy & Information Research Center Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou 450002 China

Crossability between wheat and rye is an important trait for wheat improvement. No quantitative trait loci （QTLs） were detected from wheat ancestors previously. The objectives of this study were to dissect the QTLs for crossability using 111 introgression lines （ILs） derived from synthetic hexaploid wheat. A total of 1275 SSR markers were screened for polymorphism between the two parents, and 552 markers of them displayed polymorphism, of which 64 were selected for genotyping the 111 BCsF6 ILs. Field trials were performed in a Latinized ~z-lattice design in Luoyang and Jiaozuo of Henan Province of China in 2007--2008 and 2008-2009 cropping seasons. One-way ANOVA and interval mapping （IM） analysis were used to detect QTL for crossability between wheat and rye. A total of 13 putative QTLs were detected. Five of them, ***, ***.2D, ***.4B, ***.5B and ***.6A, were detected in both trials and three of them, ***.2D, ***.4B and ***.6A, were novel. The positive effect allele of the four QTLs came from the donor parent Am3 except ***.6A that came from the recurrent parent Laizhou953. ILs with both higher positive effect alleles and favorable agronomic traits developed in present study are elite germplasm for wide crossing in wheat. Results from the current study suggest that wheat ancestors can be rich in new sources of crossability genes.

关键词： Crossability Quantitative trait locus synthetic wheat

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QTL Mapping for Important Agronomic Traits in synthetic Hexaploid wheat Derived from Aegiliops tauschii ssp. tauschii

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第9期13卷 1835-1844页

作者： YU Ma CHEN Guo-yue ZHANG Lian-quan LIU Ya-xi LIU Deng-cai WANG Ji-rui PU Zhi-en ZHANG Li LAN Xiu-jin WEI Yu-ming LIU Chun-ji ZHENG You-liang Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Agronomy College Sichuan Agricultural University CSIRO Plant Industry St Lucia QLD 4067 Australia

Aegiliops tauschii is classified into two subspecies： Ae. tauschii ssp. tauschii and Ae. tauschii ssp. strangulata. Novel genetic variations exist in Ae. tauschii ssp. tauschii that can be utilized in wheat improvement. We synthesized a hexaploid wheat genotype（SHW-L1） by crossing an Ae. tauschii ssp. tauschii accession（AS60） with a tetraploid wheat genotype（AS2255）. A population consisting of 171 F8 recombinant inbred lines was developed from SHW-L1 and Chuanmai 32 to identify QTLs associated with agronomic traits. A new genetic map with high density was constructed and used to detect the QTLs for heading date, kernel width, spike length, spikelet number, and thousand kernel weight. A total of 30 putative QTLs were identified for five investigated traits. Thirteen QTLs were located on D genomes of SHW-L1, six of them showed positive effect on agronomic traits. Chromosome region flanked by wPt-6133–wPt-8134 on 2D carried five environment-independent QTLs. Each QTL accounted for more than 10% phenotypic variance. These QTLs were highly consistent across environments and should be used in wheat breeding.

关键词： genetic map QTL DArT agronomic traits synthetic wheat Aegilops tauschii ssp.tauschii

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synthetic Hexaploid wheat： Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow

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Engineering 2018年第4期4卷 552-558页

作者： Aili Li Dengcai Liu Wuyun Yang Masahiro Kishii Long Mao Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu 610066 China International Maize and wheat Improvement Center Yexcoco 56237 Mexico

In recent years, wheat yield per hectare appears to have reached a plateau, leading to concerns for future food security with an increasing world population. Since its invention, synthetic hexaploid wheat （SHW） has been shown to be an effective genetic resource for transferring agronomically important genes from wild relatives to common wheat. It provides new sources for yield potential, drought tolerance, disease resistance, and nutrient-use efficiency when bred conventionally with modern wheat varieties. SHW is becoming more and more important for modern wheat breeding. Here, we review the current status of SHW generation, study, and application, with a particular focus on its contribution to wheat breeding. We also briefly introduce the most recent progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms for growth vigor in SHW. Advances in new technologies have made the complete wheat reference genome available, which offers a promising future for the study and applications of SHW in wheat improvement that are essential to meet global food demand.

关键词： synthetic wheat wheat Polyploidization Disease resistance Stress tolerance Yield

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Making the Bread： Insights from Newly Synthesized AIIohexaploid wheat

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Molecular Plant 2015年第6期8卷 847-859页

作者： Ai-li Li Shuai-feng Geng Lian-quan Zhang Deng-cai Liu Long Mao National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081China Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu Sichuan 611130 China These authors contributed equally to this article.

Bread wheat （or common wheat, Triticum aestivum） is an allohexaploid （AABBDD, 2n = 6x = 42） that arose by hybridization between a cultivated tetraploid wheat T. turgidum （AABB, 2n = 4x = 28） and the wild goatgrass Aegilops tauschfi （DD, 2n = 2x = 14）. Polyploidization provided niches for rigorous genome modification at cytogenetic, genetic, and epigenetic levels, rendering a broader spread than its progenitors. This review summarizes the latest advances in understanding gene regulation mechanisms in newly synthesized allo- hexaploid wheat and possible correlation with polyploid growth vigor and adaptation. Cytogenetic studies reveal persistent association of whole-chromosome aneuploidy with nascent allopolyploids, in contrast to the genetic stability in common wheat. Transcriptome analysis of the euploid wheat shows that small RNAs are driving forces for homoeo-allele expression regulation via genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. The ensuing non-additively expressed genes and those with expression level dominance to the respective pro- genitor may play distinct functions in growth vigor and adaptation in nascent allohexaploid wheat. Further genetic diploidization of allohexaploid wheat is not random. Regional asymmetrical gene distribution, rather than subgenome dominance, is observed in both synthetic and natural allohexaploid wheats. The combinatorial effects of diverged genomes, subsequent selection of specific gene categories, and subgenome-specific traits are essential for the successful establishment of common wheat.

关键词： allopolyploidy synthetic wheat heterosis adaptation expression level dominance

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Allopolyploidization increases genetic recombination in the ancestral diploid D genome during wheat evolution

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 743-753页

作者： Hongshen Wan Jun Li Shengwei Ma Fan Yang Liang Chai Zehou Liu Qin Wang Zongjun Pu Wuyun Yang Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066SichuanChina Key Laboratory of wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu 610066SichuanChina The Applied Plant Genomics Lab College of Agricultural SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Genetic recombination produces new allelic combinations,thereby introducing variation for *** has increased the evolutionary potential of hexaploid common wheat by conferring the advantages of heterosis and gene redundancy,but whether a relationship exists between allopolyploidization and genetic recombination is currently *** study the impact of allopolyploid ization on genetic recombination in the ancestral D genome of wheat,we generated new synthetic hexaploid wheats by crossing tetraploid Triticum turgidum with multiple diploid Aegilops tauschii accessions,with subsequent chromosome doubling,to simulate the evolutionary hexaploidization *** the DArT-Seq approach,we determined the genotypes of two new synthetic hexaploid wheats with their parents,F;plants in a diploid population(2 x,D_(1)D_(1)×D_(2)D_(2))and its new synthetic hexaploid wheatderived population(6 x,AABBD_(1)D_(1)×AABBD_(2)D_(2)).About 11%of detected SNP loci spanning the D genome of *** were eliminated after allohexaploidization,and the degree of segregation distortion was increased in their hexaploid offspring from the F_(1) *** on codominant genotypes,the mean genetic interval length and recombination frequency between pairs of adjacent and linked SNPs on D genome of the hexaploid F;population were 2.3 fold greater than those in the diploid F_(2) population,and the recombination frequency of *** was increased by their hexaploidization with *** conclusion,allopolyploidization increases genetic recombination of the ancestral diploid D genome of wheat,and DNA elimination and increased segregation distortion also occur after *** genetic recombination could have produced more new allelic combinations subject to natural or artificial selection,helping wheat to spread rapidly to become a major global crop and thereby accelerating the evolution of wheat via hexaploidization.

关键词： synthetic wheat Hexaploidization Diploid D genome Genetic recombination Acceleration of evolution

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Necrotic Incompatibility in Crosses of Bread wheats in Argentina

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Journal of Life Sciences 2012年第12期6卷 1383-1386页

作者： Francisco Javier Di Pane Gilberto Kraan Chacra Experimental Integrada Barrow (CEI Barrow) Instituto Naeional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria Ruta N~ 3 Km 487 ce: 50Tres Arroyos Buenos Aires 7500 Argentina

Abstract： synthetic wheats are the product of the cross between Triticum turgidum L. var. durum and T. tauschii. The 7＇. tauschii has shown excellent resistance to diseases, salinity, and drought, However, these synthetic wheats are also carriers of genes that produce varying degrees of necrosis, which is expressed as death of tissues in the hybrids （F l） generated from crosses with other bread wheats Necrotic incompatibility is a gradual premature leaf death in certain bread wheat F1 plants and it is caused by the interaction of two genes Nel and Ne2. In this paper 40 hybridizations with T. tauschii in the genetic constitution of some of the two parents made in 2006 and 2007 are presented, and their respective F1 planted at the CEI Barrow （Chacra Experimental de Barrow）. The plants that showed necrotic incompatibility had less growth than the normal F1 at tillering. Symptoms appeared at the beginning of tillering, remaining in that state and till jointing but they never headed. Out of the 16 Argentinean commercial cultivars evaluated, seven had the Ne allele in its genetic constitution and therefore showed necrotic incompatibility, whereas nine of them did not have the NE allele and their F 1 developed normally.

关键词： Triticum tauschii Triticum turgidum L. var. durum synthetic wheat necrotic incompatibility.

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De novo chromosome variations in somatic cells in established nascent hexaploid wheat

De novo chromosome variations in somatic cells in establishe...

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第十届全国小麦基因组学及分子育种大会

作者： Jiangtao Luo Laibin Zhao Jianmin Zheng Yazhou Li Lianquan Zhang Dengcai Liu Ming Hao Zongjun Pu Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding in wheat (Southwest) Ministry of Agriculture Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Sichuan Agricultural University at Chengdu

In the present study,a total of thirty-three synthetic wheat derived from six lines were analyzed by FISH in root-tip cells,12(36.4%) plants were *** structural variation was detected in four plants which showed the chromosome fragmentation,including 4 BS,6 BS and 6 *** also found chromosome structural variation in different somatic cells in nine plants(27.3%).These somatic chromosome variations mainly existed as chromosome fragments(90.9%),except 3 B and 6 D,fragmentation involved all other 19 wheat *** was also found in somatic cells of two plants,involved 3 B and 6 D,2 A and 2 D,3 D and 7 *** a pair of reciprocal translocations between 3 B and 6 D was found in a somatic cell of *** studies showed chromosomal variation occurred not only occurred during meiosis but also during mitosis in synthetic wheat

关键词： chromosomal variation somatic cell synthetic wheat FISH

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