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Coalbed methane genesis, occurrence and accumulation in China

Petroleum Science 2012年第3期9卷 269-280页

作者： Song Yan Liu Shaobo Zhang Qun Tao Mingxin Zhao Mengjun Hong Feng Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249China Xi'an Research Institute of China Coal Technology&Engineering Group Corp. Shaanxi 710077China Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875China

Coalbed methane （CBM） is an important type of unconventional gas. Commercial development of CBM in America has been very successful since the 1980s. The CBM industry in Australia and Canada has developed rapidly during the last decade. Commercial development of CBM in China started in the 1990s, and has made great progress. The geological theory of CBM in China has achieved great advancement in genesis, occurrence and accumulation. On the aspect of CBM genesis, five CBM genetic types （primary biogenic gas, secondary biogenic gas, thermal degradation gas, pyrolysis gas and mixed gas） are identified by studying the geochemical characteristics of CBM, and a tracing indicator system is established. The discovery of secondary biogenic gas in medium-high rank coal reservoirs has widened the potential of CBM resources. On the aspect of CBM occurrence, the gas adsorption regulation under combined action of temperature and pressure is revealed by conducting adsorption experiments of different coal ranks under varying temperature and pressure conditions. Besides, by applying the adsorption potential theory in CBM research, the adsorption model under combined action of temperature and pressure is established. The new model can predict CBM resources accurately, and overcome the limitation of the traditional Langmuir model which uses just a single factor to describe the adsorption characteristics of deep buried coal. On the aspect of CBM accumulation, it is proposed that there are three evolutionary stages during CBM accumulation, including gas generation and adsorption, unsaturated gas adsorption, gas desorption-diffusion and preservation. Controlled by tectonic evolution, hydrodynamics and sealing conditions, CBM tends to be regionally enriched in synclines. Advances in geological theory of CBM in China can not only improve understanding of natural gas, but also provide new ideas for further exploration of CBM.

关键词： China coalbed methane genetic type secondary biogenic gas adsorption model syncline enrichment

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