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2019中国生理学会学术年会暨张锡钧基金第十五届全国青...

作者： Li Liu Ying-Jie Shang Zi-Fan Mai Zhao-Hui Chen Bao-Yan Wu 李楚华 School of Life Science South China Normal University College of Biophotonics South China Normal University

Background Parkinson’s disease（PD） is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that results from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra（SN）.Abnormal aggregation of alpha-synuclein（α-syn） causes the dopaminergic neurons degeneration, further decreases the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase（TH） in SN.These changes of α-syn and TH are considered to be the two major representative pathological features of PD.It is well known that motor disorders are a group of classic symptoms of PD patients.Additionally, PD also presents with various non-motor features.For example, cognitive dysfunction, one of the non-motor symptoms of PD, could be observed in the early stage of PD.It is worth to be noted that most research focuses on motor dysfunction in PD, and few reports pay attention to cognitive impairments of PD.Cordycepin, an active constituent from Chinese herbs Cordyceps militaris, has been shown to improve learning and memory and to protect against memory deficiencies induced by neurotoxic stimuli.In the current study, the first purpose is to investigate whether cordycepin ameliorates cognitive impairments induced by PD.Furthermore,previous studies have showed that cordycepin is easily degraded by adenosine deaminase（ADA） to inactive compounds in vivo.In recent years, nano-drugs have attracted extensive attention, especially in the application of neurodegenerative diseases due to their advantages of drug delivery efficiency and drug-controlled release.Given that the limitations of the metabolic characteristics of cordycepin,the second purpose of this study is to synthesize a new nano-drug namely nano-cordycepin-biotin and to investigate whether it reduces the learning and memory impairments of PD mice.Methods 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine（MPTP） was used to establish an in vivo（30 mg/kg, once a day for 8 days, intraperitoneal injection） PD model in mice and an in vitro（25 μM MPTP, perfusion for 15 min） PD model in hippocampal slices of mice.Cordycepin was intragastrically administered 7 day

关键词： Parkinson’s disease cognitive impairments cordycepin Nano-cordycepin-biotin synaptic functions

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Role of BACE1 in Alzheimer’s synaptic function

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2017年第1期6卷 217-224页

作者： Brati Das Riqiang Yan Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland Clinic9500 Euclid Avenue/NC30ClevelandOH 44195USA

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common age-dependent disease of dementia,and there is currently no cure available.This hallmark pathologies of AD are the presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.Although the exact etiology of AD remains a mystery,studies over the past 30 have shown that abnormal generation or accumulation of β-amyloid peptides(Aβ)is likely to be a predominant early event in AD pathological development.Aβ is generated from amyloid precursor protein(APP)via proteolytic cleavage by β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1(BACE1).Chemical inhibition of BACE1 has been shown to reduce Aβ in animal studies and in human trials.While BACE1 inhibitors are currently being tested in clinical trials to treat AD patients,it is highly important to understand whether BACE1 inhibition will significantly impact cognitive functions in AD patients.This review summarizes the recent studies on BACE1 synaptic functions.This knowledge will help to guide the proper use of BACE1 inhibitors in AD therapy.

关键词： Amyloid deposition β-amyloid peptide BACE1 Secretase BACE1 substrates synaptic functions

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Spectrum-dependent photonic synapses based on 2D imine polymers for power-efficient neuromorphic computing

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InfoMat 2021年第8期3卷 904-916页

作者： Junyao Zhang Qianqian Shi Ruizhi Wang Xuan Zhang Li Li Jianhua Zhang Li Tian Lize Xiong Jia Huang Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Application Ministry of EducationShanghai UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China

2D polymers(2DPs)have attracted increasing interests in sensors,catalysis,and gas storage applications.Furthermore,2DPs with unique band structure and tunable photophysical properties also have immense potential for application in photonic neuromorphic computing.Here,photonic synaptic transistors based on 2DPs as the light-tunable charge-trapping medium are developed for the first time.The resulted organic transistors can successfully emulate common synaptic functions,including excitatory postsynaptic current,pair-pulse facilitation,the transition of short-term memory to long-term memory,and dynamic filtering.Benefitting from the high photosensitivity of the 2DP,the devices can be operated under a low operating voltage of0.1 V,and achieve an ultralow energy consumption of~0.29 pJ per event.In addition,the heterostructure formed between the 2DP and organic semiconductor enables spectrum-dependent synaptic responses,which facilitates the simulation of visual learning and memory processes in distinct emotional states.The underlying mechanism of spectrum-dependent synaptic-like behaviors is systematically validated with in situ atomic force microscopy based electrical techniques.The spectrum-enabled tunability of synaptic behaviors further promotes the realization of optical logic functions and associative learning.This work inspires the new application of 2DPs in photonic synapses for future neuromorphic computing.

关键词： 2D polymers neuromorphic computing photonic synapses synaptic functions

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