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Plasmonically engineered light-matter interactions in Aunanoparticle/MoS_(2) heterostructures for artificial optoelectronic synapse

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Nano Research 2022年第4期15卷 3539-3547页

作者： Zhuoran Luo Yunfei Xie Ziwei Li Yajuan Wang Lihui Li Ziyu Luo Chenguang Zhu Xin Yang Ming Huang Jianhua Huang Delang Liang Xiaoli Zhu Dong Li Anlian Pan Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure&Mesoscopic Physics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100084China

Optoelectronic synaptic elements are emerging functional devices for the vigorous development of advanced neuromorphic computing technology in the post-Moore era.However,optoelectronic devices based on transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)are limited to their poor mobilities and weak light-matter interactions,which still hardly exhibit superior device performances in the application of artificial synapses.Here,we demonstrate the successful fabrication of Au nanoparticle-coupled MoS_(2)heterostructures via chemical vapor deposition(CVD),where the light absorption of MoS_(2)is greatly enhanced and engineered by plasmonic effects.Hot electrons are excited from Au nanoparticles,and then injected into MoS_(2)semiconductors under the light illumination.The plasmonically-engineered photo-gating effect at the metal-semiconductor junction is demonstrated to create optoelectronic devices with excellent synaptic behaviors,especially in ultra-sensitive excitatory postsynaptic current(EPSC,9.6×10^(-3)nA@3.4 nW·cm^(-2)),ultralow energy consumption(34.7 pJ),long-state retention time(>1,000 s),and tunable synaptic plasticity transitions.The material system of Au-nanoparticles coupled TMDs presents unique advantages for building artificial synapses,which may lead the future development of neuromorphic electronics in optical information sensing and learning.

关键词： synapse optoelectronic device surface plasmon photo-gating MoS_(2)

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Neuroligins Differentially Mediate Subtype-Specific synapse Formation in Pyramidal Neurons and Interneurons

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第3期35卷 497-506页

作者： Qiang-Qiang Xia Jing Xu Tai-Lin Liao Jie Yu Lei Shi Jun Xia Jian-Hong Luo Junyu Xu Department of Neurobiology Institute of NeuroscienceNHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 31005& China JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research. Jinan University Guangzhou 510632China Division of Life Science Division of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience. The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina

Neuroligins(NLs) are postsynaptic cell-adhesion proteins that play important roles in synapse formation and the excitatory-inhibitory balance. They have been associated with autism in both human genetic and animal model studies, and affect synaptic connections and synaptic plasticity in several brain regions. Yet current research mainly focuses on pyramidal neurons, while the function of NLs in interneurons remains to be understood. To explore the functional difference among NLs in the subtypespecific synapse formation of both pyramidal neurons and interneurons, we performed viral-mediated shRNA knockdown of NLs in cultured rat cortical neurons and examined the synapses in the two major types of neurons. Our results showed that in both types of neurons, NL1 and NL3 were involved in excitatory synapse formation, and NL2 in GABAergic synapse formation. Interestingly, NL1 affectedGABAergic synapse formation more specifically than NL3,and NL2 affected excitatory synapse density preferentially in pyramidal neurons. In summary, our results demonstrated that different NLs play distinct roles in regulating the development and balance of excitatory and inhibitory synapses in pyramidal neurons and interneurons.

关键词： Neuroligin synapse formation Excitatory/inhibitory balance Interneuron

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synapse formation and remodeling

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第3期53卷 315-321页

作者： LUO ZhenGe Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

synapses are specialized structures that mediate information flow between neurons and target cells,and thus are the basis for neuronal system to execute various functions,including learning and memory.There are around 1011 neurons in the human brain,with each neuron receiving thousands of synaptic inputs,either excitatory or inhibitory.A synapse is an asymmetric structure that is composed of pre-synaptic axon terminals,synaptic cleft,and postsynaptic compartments.synapse formation involves a number of cell adhesion molecules,extracellular factors,and intracellular signaling or structural proteins.After the establishment of synaptic connections,synapses undergo structural or functional changes,known as synaptic plasticity which is believed to be regulated by neuronal activity and a variety of secreted factors.This review summarizes recent progress in the field of synapse development,with particular emphasis on the work carried out in China during the past 10 years(1999-2009).

关键词： synapse development neuronal activity synaptic plasticity

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Effects of tetrahydroxy-stilbene glucoside on cognitive and motor functions, α-synuclein aggregation and synapse in transgenic mice and in aged mice

Effects of tetrahydroxy-stilbene glucoside on cognitive and ...

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Lin Li Lan Zhang Ru-yi Zhang Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nerve System Drugs

Objective Aging is the greatest risk factor of senile neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease（AD）, Parkinson’s disease（PD） and dementia of Lewy body（DLB）. α-Synuclein aggregation is the common pathogenesis of these diseases, and synaptic dysfunction plays an important role in the progression of AD and PD. Tetrahydroxy-stilbene glucoside（TSG） is one of the main active component extracted from the root of Polygonum multiflorum. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of TSG on the memory and movement functions and its mechanisms related to a-synuclein and synapses in animal models. Methods The memory ability of mice was detected by step-through task and Y maze test. The movement function was measured by the pole test and rotarod test. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the synaptic ultrastructure. Western blotting was applied to measure the expression of a-synuclein and synaptic proteins. Results Intragastrical administration of TSG significantly improved the memory and movement functions in α-synuclein transgenic mice and in aged mice. TSG obviously inhibited the overexpression and aggregation of a-synuclein, reduced the expression of phosphorylated α-syn at Ser129, and increased Parkin, Atg5 and LC3 in the multiple brain regions of a-synuclein transgenic mice and aged mice. Moreover, TSG protected the synaptic ultrastructure and increased the number of synaptic connections in the hippocampus and striatum;enhanced the expression of synaptophysin, phosphorylated synapsin I, postsynaptic density protein 95（PSD-95）, and phosphorylated calcium-dependent protein kinase II（p-Ca MK II） in the hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex of aged mice. Conclusion TSG improved the memory and movement functions through inhibiting a-synuclein aggregation and protecting synapses in multiple brain regions of a-synuclein transgenic mice and aged mice. The results suggest that TSG may be beneficial to treat AD, PD, PD dementia and DLB.

关键词： Tetrahydroxy-stilbene glucoside cognitive function motor function asynuclein synapse neurodegenerative diseases

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Role of TRPM7 chanzyme in synapse density and learning and memory at different development stages

Role of TRPM7 chanzyme in synapse density and learning and m...

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Yuqiang Liu Cui Chen Wei Li Nashat Abumaria Institutes of Brain Science State Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Fudan University Department of Laboratory Animal Science School of MedicineFudan Univeristy

Objective TRPM7 chanzyme is involved in plethora of biological functions including Mg homeostasis, embryonic development, organogenesis, cell proliferation and survival. In the central nervous system, TRPM7 was shown to mediate neuronal death following anoxia, OGD, ischemia or traumatic brain injuries-like conditions. However, the functional role of TRPM7 in the central nervous system under normal physiological conditions remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of TRPM7 in the central nervous system under non-pathological conditions. Methods The TRPM7 expression was measured by RT-PCR and western blot. The synapse density and plasticity were detected by the immunohistochemistry in the primary hippocampal neuron in vitro, Golgi staining and electrophysiological recording in the hippocampal slice. Learning and memory abilities were evaluated by novel object recognition test, cognition wall spatial task, elevated T-maze and contextual fear conditioning. Results(1) Knockdown of TRPM7 in primary hippocampal neuron reduced structural and functional synapse density.(2) The synapse density was rescued by the kinase domain of TRPM7, but not the ion channel part or increasing the extracellular concentration of Mg/Zn.(3) Early postnatal knockout of TRPM7 in mice impaired learning and memory and reduced synapse density and plasticity.(4) Knockdown of TRPM7 in adult rats also impaired learning and memory and reduced synapse density and plasticity.(5) The expression of TRPM7 protein was reduced in the hippocampus of aging rats, the APP/PS1 mice and human AD patients, which are known to have low synapse and memory. Conclusion These results suggest that brain TRPM7 is important for having normal synapse density and function as well as normal cognitive functions. Our results implicate TRPM7 in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： synapse cognitive functions TRPM7 neurodegenerative disorders

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Dock4, an autism/dyslexia related protein, regulates synapse morphogenesis and neural behaviors

Dock4, an autism/dyslexia related protein, regulates synapse...

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Daji Guo Yinghui Peng Chunmei Liang Xiaoyu Sun Lei Shi JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory of Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research Jinan University

Objective Autism spectrum disorder（ASD） is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, defective communication, and stereotypic, repetitive behaviors. Genome wide studies have revealed a large number of susceptibility genes related to ASD, and many of them encode synaptic proteins at excitatory glutamatergic synapses, dysfunction of which is a key pathophysiology in ASD. Dock4, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is abundantly expressed at the postsynaptic sites, has been reported to be associated with autism and dyslexia, a reading disorder showing high comorbidity with autism. Previous studies by others and us using in vitro models have shown that Dock4 is important for normal neurite outgrowth and spine morphogenesis. The present study aims to further dissect the in vivo function of Dock4. Methods We have generated a Dock4 knockout（KO） mouse line to test autism-related behaviors and learning and memory abilities when Dock4 is absent. Furthermore, neuroanatomical phenotypes of these mice and molecular mechanism regulated by Dock4 were characterized. Results（1） Dock4 KO mice showed features of ASD-like behaviors such as impaired social preference and anxiety.（2） Dock4 KO mice exhibited impaired dendritic spine density in hippocampus neurons.（3） Dock4 KO mice showed disrupted Glu A and Glu N receptor function. Conclusion Dock4 may play an important role in maintaining the number of dendritic spines and normal behaviors by regulating Glu A and Glu N receptor function.

关键词： Autism Dyslexia Dock4 Rho GTPase synapse GluA receptor GluN receptor

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Can Hybrid synapse be Formed between Rat Spinal Motor Neurons and Major Pelvic Ganglion Neurons in vitro?

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2021年第6期26卷 521-526页

作者： CHENG Shigang XIANG Xuan LV Zemin MAO Xiaowen YANG Xinghai Department of Surgery Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei ProvinceTongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina

The purpose of this study is to determine whether synapses can be formed between spinal motor neurons(SMNs)and major pelvic ganglion(MPG)neurons of a rat in vitro.The green fluorescent protein(GFP)-labelled MPG cells were cultured together with SMNs in a specific medium.The synaptic-like contacts established between SMNs and MPG neurons were studied in co-cultures using morphologic and immunocytochemistry approaches.Phase-contrast observation of co-cultures showed apparent SMNs-MPG neurons contacts as early as three or four days in vitro.We demonstrate some evidence of synaptic contacts between SMNs and MPG neurons in vitro by immunostaining with antibody directed against postsynaptic density protein 95(PSD-95).We describe the development process of a defined SMNs-MPG neurons co-culture system.The results suggest that the hybrid synapse formation that may occur between SMNs and MPG neurons in vitro played an essential role in the mechanisms of a regenerated bladder with an artificial somatic-autonomic reflex arc.

关键词： spinal motor neurons major pelvic ganglion co-culture synapse

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Role and Mechanisms Underlying Tau AccumulationInduced Neurodegeneration and synapse Impairment

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神经药理学报 2019年第Z1期 57-58页

作者：王建枝华中科技大学同济医学院病理生理学系华中科技大学神经疾病教育部重点实验室教育部神经变性病创新团队和"985"神经疾病创新平台

As a structural protein,the physiological function of tau proteins is to promote microtubule assembly and maintain the stability of the microtubules,so that to build up the tracks for axonal transport of the neurons. Recent studies suggest that tau is also actively involved in regulation of cell viability and enzymatic reaction. In Alzheimer’s disease(AD) and other tauopathies,tau proteins are abnormally hyperphosphorylated or cleaved,or the gene mutated,which result in intracellular tau accumulation and formation of neurofibrillary tangles in the degenerated neurons. In addition to hyperphosphorylation,many other types of tau posttranslational modifications have been identified in the brains of AD patients and/or the transgenic mouse models. To date,it is not clear how the abnormality of tau causes neurodegeneration and memory deficits. By overexpressing human full-length wildtype tau to mimic tau abnormality as seen in the brain of sporadic AD patients,we observed that tau accumulation activated JAK2. JAK2 activation induces STAT1 phosphorylation at Tyr701 leading to STAT1 dimerization,nuclear translocation and activation. The activated STAT1 could bind to the specific GAS element of GluN1,GluN2 A and GluN2 B promoters and thus suppressed expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors(NMDARs),while knockdown STAT1 by AAV-Cre in STAT1 flox/flox mice or expressing dominant negative Y701 F-STAT1 efficiently rescued tau-induced suppression of NMDARs expression with amelioration of synaptic functions and memory performance. These findings indicate that tau accumulation impairs synaptic plasticity through JAK2/STAT1-induced suppression of NMDARs expression,which reveals a novel mechanism for tau-associated synapse and memory deficits in AD and other tauopathies.

关键词： Tau STAT1 synapse N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors memory

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Artificial neuron and synapse in spintronics devices

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Journal of Semiconductors 2019年第5期40卷 6-6页

作者： Dahai Wei Institute of Semiconductors CAS

Neuromorphic computing is the development of computingschemes inspired by the processing of information in thebrain, which can execute complex tasks very efficiently usingan architecture that is completely different from that of semiconductorchips. Recently, researchers from Tohoku Universityhave realized an artificial neuron and synapse in spintronicsdevices, which are promising for future energy-efficientand adoptive computing systems, as they behave likethe spiking neural network in human brains.

关键词： Artificial neuron and synapse in spintronics devices

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Neuronal differentiation and synapse formation of embryonic stem cellderived precursors transplanted into the hippocampus of rats receiving Aβ（1-40） injection

Neuronal differentiation and synapse formation of embryonic ...

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中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第八届全国学术会议

作者： Zhi-Fang LI~1,Wei-Zhong SUN~1,Hong-Liang YI~1,Xiao-Tang FAN~2,Hai-Wei XU~(1,*) 1 Department of Physiology,Third Military Medical University,Chongqing,400038,China 2 Department of Developmental Biology,Third Military Medical University,Chongqing,400038,China

＜正＞Objective Advances in stem cell research have raised the hope and possibility for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.In Alzheimer’s disease（AD） transgenic animal models,stem cell transplantation has been demonstrated to reverse behavioral deficits.Our recent study has demonstrated that embryonic stem（ES） cell-derived neural precursor cells improve memory dysfunction in rats with injections ofβ-amyloid peptide（1-40）（Aβ1-40） in the dorsal hippocampus.However,the underlying mechanisms have remained unknown as most studies suggested that the observed behavioral improvements appeared to be related to structural reorganization such as specific neuronal differentiation and synapse formation.The present study was performed to test a murine ES cell-based approach in rats subjected to Aβ1 -40 injection into hippocampus dentate gyrus.Methods Efficacy of cell therapy regarding graft survival,neuronal yield and diversity,and synapse formation of the grafted cells were tested after transplanting ES cell-derived neural precursors into the hippocampus of adult rats with immunohistochemistry,quantum labeling and electric microscopy. Results Here,we show that grafted cells can survive,and differentiate with high yield into immunohistochemically mature glial cells and neurons of diverse neurotransmitter-subtypes.More importantly,transplanted cells demonstrate characteristics of proper synapse formation between host and grafted neural cells.Conclusion Our observations show that ES cell-based transplantation approach may be promising in treatment of AD.

关键词： synapse transplantation β-amyloid quantum dot embryonic stem cell

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