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TRAINING　OF　AN　ORTHOPEDIC　surgeon

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中华骨科杂志 1996年第8期 56-59页

作者：ＲｉｃｈａｒｄＷ．Ｐｏｒｔｅｒ

ＴＲＡＩＮＩＮＧＯＦＡＮＯＲＴＨＯＰＥＤＩＣＳＵＲＧＥＯＮＡｓｐｅｅｃｈｇｉｖｅｎａｔｔｈｅ＇９５ＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｎｇｒｅｓｏｎＯｒｔｈｏｐｅｄｉｃｓ，Ｑｉｎｇｄａｏ，Ｃｈｉｎａ．ＲｉｃｈａｒｄＷ．Ｐｏ... 详细信息

ＴＲＡＩＮＩＮＧＯＦＡＮＯＲＴＨＯＰＥＤＩＣＳＵＲＧＥＯＮＡｓｐｅｅｃｈｇｉｖｅｎａｔｔｈｅ＇９５ＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｎｇｒｅｓｏｎＯｒｔｈｏｐｅｄｉｃｓ，Ｑｉｎｇｄａｏ，Ｃｈｉｎａ．ＲｉｃｈａｒｄＷ．ＰｏｒｔｅｒＡｒａｐｉｄｅｘｐａｎｓｉ...

关键词：矫形外科外科医生创伤 AN OF ORTHOPEDIC surgeon TRAINING 外科大夫

Gastric cancer:Where is the place for the surgeon,the oncologist and the endoscopist today?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2011年第1期3卷 10-13页

作者： Markus Menges Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyDiakonie-Hospital74523 Schwaebisch HallGermany

Gastric cancer remains a major health issue and a leading cause of death *** the incidence is decreasing in western countries,there has been a shift to more proximal cancers of the diffuse type,which are usually more aggressive and associated with a worse *** surgery still offers the only chance of long term survival,but surgery has reached a plateau of effectiveness and more aggressive approaches like"ultraradical" lymphadenectomy have not improved *** are three options to improve the situation:Earlier detection,neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant *** systematic gastroscopic screening makes sense in countries with a high incidence of gastric cancer,in other regions targeted investigation of risk groups including first-degree relatives of cancer patients,patients with a chronic corpusdominant gastritis or with defined genetic abnormalities may help to detect cancer at an earlier *** chemotherapy has meanwhile proved to significantly improve the prognosis not only in patients with a locally advanced cancer who cannot be resected for cure but but also in those who are potentially amenable to curative *** the largest randomised study so far reported,perioperative chemotherapy raised overall survival after 5 years from 23%to 36%.The role of adjuvant chemotherapy has been discussed for over 30 ***-analyses demonstrate a small but significant effect which,however,seems to be restricted to Asian *** a large USstudy,adjuvant radiochemotherapy appeared to significantly improve ***,less than 50%of the study patients underwent a systematic lymphadenectomy and so the results of the therapy group were not better to those of"only resected"patients in two large European ***,the indication of adjuvant(radio-)chemotherapy in gastric cancer currently remains *** have found a therapeutic role through endoscopic resection of early cancers,introduced mainly b

关键词： Gastric cancer surgeon Oncologist Endo- scopist

Evaluation of current surgeon practice for patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion surgery in the United Kingdom

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第6期6卷 483-490页

作者： Alison Rushton Louise White Alison Heap Nicola Heneghan School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Queen Elizabeth Hospital Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre

AIM: To ascertain current surgeon practice in the United Kingdom National Health Service for the management of patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion surgery. METHODS: Descriptive survey methodology utilised an online questionnaire administered through SurveyMonkey. Eligible participants were all surgeons currently carrying out lumbar spinal fusion surgery in the National Health Service. Two previous surveys and a recent systematic review informed questions. Statistical analyses included responder characteristics and pre-planned descriptive analyses. Open question data were interpreted using thematic ***: The response rate was 73.8%. Most surgeons(84%) were orthopaedic surgeons. Range of surgeon experience(1-15 years), number of operations performed in the previous 12 mo(4-250), and range of information used to predict outcome was broad. There was some consistency of practice: most patients were seen preoperatively; all surgeons ensured patients are mobile within 3 d of surgery; and there was agreement for the value of post-operative physiotherapy. However, there was considerable variability of practice: variability of protocols, duration of hospital stay, use of discharge criteria, frequency and timing of outpatient follow up, use of written patient information and outcome measures. Much variability was explained through patient-centred care, for example, 62% surgeons tailored functional advice to individual patients. CONCLUSION: Current United Kingdom surgeon practice for lumbar spinal fusion is described. The surgical procedure and patient population is diverse, and it is therefore understandable that management varies. It is evident that care should be patient-centred. However with high costs and documented patient dissatisfactionit is important that further research evaluates optimal management.

关键词： Lumbar spinal fusion Spinal surgery surgeon practice Management Fusion

Vascular Surgery and the General surgeon: Review Article

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2015年第3期6卷 132-143页

作者： Abdulsalam Y. Taha Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery School of Medicine Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Sulaimaniyah and Sulaimaniyah Teaching Hospital Sulaimaniyah Iraq

The vascular surgeon is trained in the management of diseases affecting all parts of the vascular system except that of the heart and brain whereas cardiothoracic surgeons manage surgical diseases of the heart and its vessels. Although vascular surgery is previously a field within general surgery, it is now considered a specialty on its own right in many countries such as the UK and the United States. Other countries such as Iraq have a mixed practice in which the cardiac or thoracic surgeon performs vascular surgery. Programs of training in vascular surgery are slightly different depending on the region of the world one is in. In the United States, a 5-year general surgery residency is followed by 2 years training in vascular surgery. In Iraq, the time table allocated for the general surgical trainee in vascular surgery is unfortunately short (1 - 3 months). This period is hardly enough for the candidate to grasp the decision-making and technical skills of vascular surgery. We believe that general surgeons need to have adequate training and expertise in vascular surgery particularly in areas and situations lacking this facility to deal with the life- and/or limb-threatening emergencies. This review article aims to orient the general surgical trainee about the scope of vascular surgery and enable them to correctly diagnose and treat common vascular emergencies such as extremity and abdominal vascular injuries (AVI).

关键词： Vascular Surgery General surgeon Extremity Abdominal Vascular Injuries

Evaluation and Outcome of surgeon-Reported Incidents regarding Surgical Patient Safety

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Surgical Science 2018年第11期9卷 422-445页

作者： Takanori Ayabe Masaki Tomita Manabu Okumura Ryo Maeda Kunihide Nakamura Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Division of Thoracic and Breast Surgery University of Miyazaki Miyazaki Japan Division of Medical Safety Management University of Miyazaki Miyazaki Japan Department of Surgery Division of Cardiovascular Surgery University of Miyazaki Miyazaki Japan

Background: We retrospectively analyzed incident reports from surgeons to learn about surgical patient safety and improve surgical quality. Material and Methods: For the 10 years and 3 months between February 2007 and May 2017, 236 incident reports from surgeons were collected. The impact levels of the incidents for patients were represented by a degree of adverse influence to a patient (level 0, 1, 2, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, and 5). The outcome of the incident reports was evaluated by the profile, cause, surgery-relation, and factor. Results: The level of incidents resulted in level 0 (n = 18, 7.6%), level 1 (n = 28, 11.9%), level 2 (n = 16, 6.8%), level 3a (n = 44, 18.6%), level 3b (n = 94, 39.8%), level 4a (n = 1, 0.4%), level 4b (n = 6, 2.5%), level 5 (n = 15, 6.4%) and others (n = 14, 5.9%). The profiles of the surgery-related incidents (n = 84) showed other unexpected events (15.7%, n = 37), second surgery within 24 hours (9.3%, n = 22), and unexpected excessive bleeding (6.8%, n = 16). The cause of the sur-gery-related incidents involved hemorrhage (n = 45, 53.6%). Except for complications and accidental diseases (n = 77, 32.6%), the occurrence factor of the incidents cited factors of personal behavior (n = 85, 36.0%), human factors (n = 37, 15.7%), environmental equipment (n = 6, 2.5%), and others (n = 31, 13.1%). Conclusions: The perioperative incidents submitted by surgeons were comparatively proved to be a higher influence level for patients such as unexpected events or surgery and second surgery within 24 hours. An incident reporting system is crucial for surgeons to ensure both surgical patient safety and to improve surgical quality. An aggressive reporting attitude should become useful to enhance safety awareness on a facility-wide basis.

关键词： surgeon Surgery Incident Patient Safety

How to become a good surgeon

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Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research 2023年第2期3卷 63-66页

作者： Peter Wiedemann Leipzig University Medical Faculty Liebigstrasse 2704103LeipzigGermany

*** Good surgeons are essential for *** personal prerequisites,the best way to learn and to teach,and the structural requirements and evaluation criteria for the formation of surgeons are described.A definition of a master surgeon is *** if surgical techniques change in the future,the fundamental relationship between surgeon and patient will remain unchanged.

关键词： unchanged surgeon teach

HIV Seropositivity among Paediatric Surgical Patients at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital: What Risk to the surgeon

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Surgical Science 2011年第1期2卷 22-24页

作者： Christopher Bode Adesoji Ademuyiwa Sylvester Ikhisemojie Olumide Elebute 不详

Background: Although much concern has been expressed about the occupational risk posed to surgeons by the HIV pandemic infection, the paediatric age group is often seen as less likely to harbor the disease. Aim: To determine the HIV infection rate among children presenting for surgical operations at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos. Materials, patients and method: Blood was taken from 1000 consecutive children referred to LUTH for surgical conditions and tested for HIV sero-positivity using the Western blot method. Consenting parents of sero-positive patients were also tested. Result: Five children tested positive for HIV, giving an overall infection rate of 0.5%. Four mothers and three consenting fathers were also positive. In one child, none of the parents was positive and he was suspected to have developed the disease from a previous blood transfusion prior to presentation in LUTH. This possibly resulted from transfusion of infected blood during its window period. Conclusion: Although the HIV infection rate of 0.5% in paediatric surgical group in Lagos is low, surgeons should vigilantly apply universal precautions to prevent needle-stick injuries while the rate of HIV infection should be periodically monitored to determine the trend.

关键词： HIV/AIDS Risk Paediatric surgeon Blood

Story of surgeon Huang Xiang

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China's Tibet 1998年第4期9卷 39-39页

ＧＥＮＱＵＧＤＯＪＥｈｅｏｎｌｙｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎＤｅｇｅＣｏｕｎｔｙＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌｃｏｕｌｄｐｅｒｆｏｒｍｗａｓｒｅｍｏｖａｌｏｆｔｈｅａｐｐｅｎｄｉｘｂｅｆｏｒｅＨｕａｎｇＸｉａｎｇｗａｓｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｒｅ... 详细信息

ＧＥＮＱＵＧＤＯＪＥｈｅｏｎｌｙｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎＤｅｇｅＣｏｕｎｔｙＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌｃｏｕｌｄｐｅｒｆｏｒｍｗａｓｒｅｍｏｖａｌｏｆｔｈｅａｐｐｅｎｄｉｘｂｅｆｏｒｅＨｕａｎｇＸｉａｎｇｗａｓｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｒｅｄｔｈｅｒｅ．Ｐｅｏｐｌｅｗｉｔｈ...

关键词： Xiang Story surgeon Huang

美国surgeon步枪公司高精度非自动步枪

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轻兵器 2017年第6期 2-2页

surgeon步枪公司是美国一家小型的轻武器配件公司,主要生产旋转后拉式枪机系统。图中的高精度非自动步枪即是该公司在其枪机系统基础上DIY的一款远距离精确射击步枪。该枪采用Bartlein枪管公司的重型比赛级枪管及机匣,机匣顶部设有导轨... 详细信息

surgeon步枪公司是美国一家小型的轻武器配件公司,主要生产旋转后拉式枪机系统。图中的高精度非自动步枪即是该公司在其枪机系统基础上DIY的一款远距离精确射击步枪。该枪采用Bartlein枪管公司的重型比赛级枪管及机匣,机匣顶部设有导轨,可安装瞄准镜。枪管长559mm,表面设有直线形散热槽,枪管口部设有标准的螺纹接口,可安装消焰/制退器或消声器。不安装枪口装置时,可装上保护帽以保护螺纹。该枪采用英国AI公司AICS-AX 2.0枪托及

关键词： surgeon 高精度