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Effect of supports on the redox performance of pyrite cinder in chemical looping combustion

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第9期34卷 168-174页

作者： Zhong Ma Chuan Yuan Shuai Zhang Yonggang Lu Junhui Xiong School of Energy&Power Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Chemical looping combustion(CLC)is a clean and efficient flame-free combustion technology,which combust the fuels by lattice oxygen from a solid oxygen carrier with inherent CO_(2)capture.The development of oxygen carriers with low cost and high redox performance is crucial to the whole efficiency of CLC process.As the solid by-product from the sulfuric acid production,pyrite cinder presented excellent redox performance as an oxygen carrier in CLC process.The main components in pyrite cinder are Fe_(2)O_(3),CaSO_(4),Al_(2)O_(3)and SiO_(2)in which Fe_(2)O_(3)is the active component to provide lattice oxygen.In order to systematic investigate the functions of supports(CaSO_4,Al_(2)O_(3)and SiO_(2))in pyrite cinder,three oxygen carriers(Fe_(2)O_(3)-CaSO_(4),Fe_(2)O_(3)-Al_(2)O_(3)and Fe_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2))were prepared and evaluated in this study.The results showed that Fe_(2)O_(3)-CaSO_(4) displayed high redox activity and cycling stability in the multiple redox cycles.However,both Fe_(2)O_(3)-Al_(2)O_(3)and Fe_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)experienced serious deactivation during redox reactions.It indicated that the inert Fe-Si solid solution(Fe_(2)SiO_(4))was formed in the spent Fe_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)sample,which decreased the oxygen carrying capacity of this sample.The XPS results showed that the oxygen species on the surface of Fe_(2)O_(3)-CaSO_(4) could be fully recovered after the 20 redox cycles.It can be concluded that CaSO_(4) is the key to the high redox activity and cycling stability of pyrite cinder.

关键词： Chemical looping Pyrite cinder supports Fixed-bed Redox performance Waste treatment

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3种阴离子交换色谱固定相捕获细胞培养上清液中红细胞生成素的效果比较（英文）

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色谱 2015年第6期33卷 642-646页

作者： Lourdes HERNNDEZ Diobel STEWART Lourdes ZUMALACRREGUI Daniel AMARO Development Product Department Manufacturing Plant of Recombinant Proteins and VaccinesCenter for Molecular Immunology Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical EngineeringHigher Polytechnic Institute José Antonio Echeverría

Affinity and ion exchange conventional chromatography have been used to capture erythropoietin(EPO)from mammalian cell culture supernatant.Currently,chromatographic adsorbent perfusion is available,however a limited number of applications have been found in the literature.In this work,three anion exchange chromatographic supports(gel,membrane and monolithic)were evaluated in the capture step of the recombinant erythropoietin purification process.The influences of load and flow rate on each support performance were analyzed.Also the purity of the EPO molecules was determined.A productivity analysis,as a decision tool for larger scale implementation,was done.As a conclusion,the evaluated supports are technically suitable to capture EPO with adequate recovery and good purity.However,the monolithic column admits high operating velocity,showing the highest adsorption capacity and productivity.

关键词： anion exchange chromatography supports recombinant erythropoietin purification

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Carbon-based supports for the electrocatalysis under industrially relevant conditions

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1051-1055页

作者： Xue Yang Xianrui Gu Yang Song Guolin Hou Cheng Wang Lichen Liu Wei Lin Center for Renewable Energy SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum ProcessingBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

1 Introduction.Carbon materials are ideal catalyst supports for functional metal components due to their appropriate physicochemical characteristics,such as high surface areas,tunable pore structures,variable morphologies and versatile surface properties based on chemical modifications,low cost and facile preparations from diverse precursors[1,2].

关键词： versatile facile supports

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Thermoelastic vibrations in a thin elliptic annulus plate with elastic supports

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2018年第1期8卷 32-42页

作者： Vinod Varghese Tara Dhakate Lalsingh Khalsa Department of Mathematics Smt Sushilabai Rajkamalji Bharti Science CollegeArniYavatmalIndia Department of Mathematics Mahatma Gandhi Science CollegeArmoriGadchiroliIndia

In this study, integral operational methods are used to investigate the thermally induced transverse vibration of a thin elliptic annulus plate with elastic supports at both radial boundaries.The axisymmetric temperature distribution is determined by the heat conduction differential equation and its corresponding boundary conditions by employing a unified integral transform technique by use of Mathieu functions and modified Mathieu functions. The solution of thermally induced vibration of the plate with both ends encased with elastic supports is obtained by employing an integral transform for double Laplace differential equation. The thermal moment is derived on the basis of temperature distribution, and its stresses are obtained based on resultant bending moments per unit width. The numerical calculations of the distributions of the transient temperature and its associated stress distributions are shown in the figures.

关键词： Thermoelastic vibrations Elliptic annulus plate Elastic supports Heat conduction Thermal stresses Integral transform

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Advanced Noncarbon Materials as Catalyst supports and Non‑noble Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells and Metal–Air Batteries

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Electrochemical Energy Reviews 2021年第2期4卷 336-381页

作者： Shiming Zhang Menghui Chen Xiao Zhao Jialin Cai Wei Yan Joey Chung Yen Shengli Chen Yan Yu Jiujun Zhang Institute for Sustainable Energy/College of Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Department of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108FujianChina

Electrochemical energy systems such as fuel cells and metal–air batteries can be used as clean power sources in the field of electric transportation and possess great potential in the reduction of various energy and environmental issues.In these systems,the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)at the cathode is the rate-determining factor for overall system performance,and up to now,platinum group metals supported on carbon materials,especially Pt,remain the highest performing and the most practical ORR electrocatalysts.However,corresponding carbonaceous catalyst supports are extremely susceptible to corrosion under electrochemical operation,and therefore,the extensive exploration of alternative stable materials for ORR electrocatalysts with both high electrochemical stability and catalytic performance is essential.Here,noncarbon materials with high corrosion resistance have been explored to substitute traditional carbon supports or even act directly as low-cost non-noble metal electrocatalysts,and based on this,this review will present a comprehensive overview and deep analysis of the recent progress in noncarbon materials,including metals,oxides,nitrides,carbides,sulfides,and so on.Overall,general attributes associated with noncarbon materials include high corrosion resistance,strong metal–support interaction,and impressive porous structure retention.However,major drawbacks include low electrical conductivity,insufficient chemical stability in acidic or alkaline media,and poor electrochemical stability at ORR electrode potentials.To overcome these challenges,this review will also summarize efficient strategies such as combining with highly conductive materials,introducing dopants and forming vacancies to result in promising electrocatalytic ORR performances.Finally,this review will propose possible research directions to facilitate future research and development toward the practical application of noncarbon-based ORR electrocatalysts.

关键词： Noncarbon materials supports Electrocatalysts Oxygen reduction reaction Fuel cells Metal-air batteries

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Elaboration of an Easy Aqueous Sol-Gel Method for the Synthesis of Micro- and Mesoporous γ-Al2O3supports

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2017年第7期7卷 294-310页

作者： Vincent Claude Hugo Solis Garcia Cédric Wolfs Stéphanie D. Lambert Department of Chemical Engineering University of Liege Liege Belgium Chemical Engineering Faculty Central University of Ecuador Quito Ecuador

An aqueous sol-gel method for the synthesis of γ-Al2O3 supports has been developed for the use in tar reforming applications. It was determined the influences of two different aluminum precursors (aluminum sec-butoxide (Al[OCH(CH3)CH2CH3]3) and aluminum nitrate (Al(NO3)3)) on the textural and crystallographic properties of Al2O3 supports. Only the formation of γ-Al2O3 is aimed in order to use these alumina materials as catalytic supports, because it presents high specific surface area and pore volume values. Additionally, the synthesis of γ-Al2O3 was realized with the use of a functionalized silicon precursor, [3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane, called EDAS. By the presence of an ethylenediamine group in this molecule, it is possible to chelate metallic ions and to highly increase their dispersion at a molecular level during the synthesis of metallic catalysts supported on alumina, which is an asset for catalytic applications. So it was developed a synthesis sol-gel procedure for the cogelation between the functionalized silicon alkoxide EDAS and alumina precursor. The alumina supports synthesized with Al(NO3)3 as precursor presented higher porous values than the ones obtained with aluminium sec-butoxide precursor. Since nitrate salts are much easier to handle than alkoxides, these observations allowed validating Al(NO3)3 as aluminum source for the future synthesis procedures for metallic catalysts supported on alumina.

关键词： Sol-Gel Process γ-Al2O3 supports Aqueous Synthesis Cogelation Method

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Deep cover bleeder entry performance and support loading: A case study

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第1期28卷 85-93页

作者： Ted M.Klemetti Mark Alexander Van Dyke Ihsan Berk Tulu Ground Control Branch NIOSHPittsburgh Mining Research Division Mining Engineering Department West Virginia University

Several questions have emerged in relation to deep cover bleeder entry performance and support loading:how well do current modeling procedures calculate the rear abutment extent and loading? Does an improved understanding of the rear abutment extent warrant a change in standing support in bleeder entries? To help answer these questions and to determine the current utilization of standing support in bleeder entries, four bleeder entries at varying distances from the startup room were instrumented,observed, and numerically modeled.This paper details observations made by NIOSH researchers in the bleeder entries of a deep cover longwall panel—specifically data collected from instrumented pumpable cribs, observations of the conditions of the entries, and numerical modeling of the bleeder entries during longwall extraction.The primary focus was on the extent and magnitude of the abutment loading experienced by the standing support.As expected, the instrumentation of the standing supports showed very little loading relative to the capacity of the standing supports—less than 23 Mg load and 2.54 cm convergence.The Flac3D program was used to evaluate these four bleeder entries using previously defined modeling and input parameter estimation procedures.The results indicated only a minor increase in load during the extraction of the longwall panel.The model showed a much greater increase in stress due to the development of the gateroad and bleeder entries, with about 80% of the increase associated with development and 20% with longwall extraction.The Flac3D model showed very good correlation between expected gateroad loading during panel extraction and that expected based on previous studies.The results of this study showed that the rear abutment stress experienced by this bleeder entry design was minimal.The farther away from the startup room, the lower the applied load and smaller the convergence in the entry if all else is held constant.Finally, the numerical modeling method used in this study was capable of replicating t

关键词： Bleeder entry Standing supports Abutment loading Longwall mining Full extraction

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Influence of canopy ratio of powered roof support on longwall working stability——A case study

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第4期29卷 591-598页

作者： Sylwester Rajwa Tomasz Janoszek Stanis?aw Prusek Department of Extraction Technologies Rockburst and Mining Support Central Mining Institute

The case study describes longwall coal seam A in a hard coal mine,where longwall coal face stability loss and periodic roof fall occurrences had been registered.The authors have attempted to explain the situation based on in-situ measurements and observations of the longwall working as well as numerical simulation.The calculations included several parameters,such as powered roof support geometry in the form of the canopy ratio,which is a factor that influences load distribution along the canopy.Numerical simulations were realized based on a rock mass model representing realistic mining and geological conditions at a depth of 600 m below surface for coal seam A.Numerical model assumptions are described,while the obtained results were compared with the in-situ measurements.The conclusions drawn from this work can complement engineering knowledge utilized at the stage of powered roof support construction and selection in order to improve both personnel safety and longwall working stability,and to achieve better extraction.

关键词： Coal mining Modelling Powered roof supports Longwall workings Safety Stability

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Integration of three-dimensional continuum model and two-dimensional bonded block model for studying the damage process in a granite pillar at the Creighton Mine,Sudbury,Canada

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第2期13卷 275-288页

作者： Sankhaneel Sinha Gabriel Walton Geology and Geological Engineering Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO80401USA

Bonded blockmodel(BBM)has shownpotential in replicating rockmass behavior aswell as the rockesupport interactionmechanism,but their practical application is limited totwo dimensions due to the high associated computational demand.To allow for the use of BBM in simulating three-dimensional(3D)problems,this study proposes an integrated 3D continuumetwo-dimensional(2D)discontinuum approach,in context of rock pillars.A cross-section of a granite pillar was simulated using a BBM with a load path from a calibrated mine-scale FLAC^(3D)model.Pillar support as employed in the mine was also incorporated in different stages during the simulation.Themodel was calibrated by varying the input parameters until the displacements at six locations within the pillarmatchedthosemeasuredby amulti-point borehole extensometer(MPBX)inthe field.The calibratedmodel was subsequently used to understand how the support and load path influenced the damage evolution in the pillar.The shear component of the load pathwas found to have amajor effect on the severity and extent of the damaged regions.When the support density was increased in the model,the lateral displacements along the pillar walls were significantly suppressed in a somewhat unpredictable manner.Thiswas explained by the interaction between the supports and the damaged regions at the corners,which ultimately modified the stresses along the pillar periphery.The amount of displacement reduction obtained by increasing the support density illustrates the potential of BBMto be used as a support design tool.

关键词： Bonded block model(BBM) Rock pillars supports Continuum-discontinuum integration

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Mechanisms of support failure and prevention measures under double-layer room mining gobs——A case study: Shigetai coal mine

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第6期29卷 955-962页

作者： Defu Zhu Shihao Tu Hongsheng Tu Zhenqian Yang State Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource China University of Mining and Technology

In the practice of mining shallow buried ultra-close seams,support failure tends to occur during the process of longwall undermining beneath two layers of room mining goaf(TLRMG).In this paper,the factors causing support failure are summarized into geology and mining technology.Combining column lithology and composite beam theory,the key stratum of the rock strata is determined.A finite element numerical simulation is used to analyze the overlying load distribution rule of the main roof for different plane positions of the upper and lower room mining pillars.The tributary area theory(TAT)is adopted to analyze the vertical load distribution of each pillar,and dynamic models of coal pillar instability and main roof fracture are established.Through key block instability analysis,two critical moments are established,of which critical moment A has the greater dynamic load strength.Great economic losses and safety hazards are created by the dynamic load of the fracturing of the main roof.To reduce these negative effects,a method of pulling out supports is developed and two alternative measures for support failure prevention are proposed:reinforcing stope supports in conjunction with reducing mining height,or drilling ground holes to pre-split the main roof.Based on a comprehensive consideration of economic factors and the two categories of support failure causes,the method of reinforcing stope supports while reducing mining height was selected for use on the mining site.

关键词： Multiple room mining goaf Mechanism of supports failure Numerical simulation Prevention measure

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