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An Evaluation of suicidality and Its Predictors in Police Officers in Lagos, Nigeria

精神病学期刊(英文) 2023年第4期13卷 291-303页

作者： Azizat Lebimoyo Tunde Adegbite Department of Psychiatry Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja Lagos Nigeria Nigeria Police Medical Services Police College Hospital Ikeja Lagos Nigeria

Background: The many dangers and stressors associated with police work often place police officers at a great risk of a variety of mental health morbidity, including suicidality. The causation of suicidality is multi-dimensional, however, there are insufficient studies which have examined the burden and risk factors of suicidality in Nigerian police officers. Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of suicidality among police officers in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 600 police officers who were selected using a non-probability sampling method. Questionnaires used were: Suicide Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire. Results: Prevalence of suicidality was 14%, and the predictors of suicidality were: state anxiety (p 0.001), trait anxiety (p 0.001), substance use (p = 0.03), being unmarried (p = 0.03), and female gender (p = 0.02). Conclusion: suicidality is prevalent among Nigerian police officers, with a higher risk in those who are vulnerable. The creation of government policies and infrastructure which promote mental health in police officers is necessary.

关键词： Police Officers suicidality Predictors Mental Health Evaluation

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Altered cortical morphology in major depression disorder patients with suicidality

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Psychoradiology 2021年第1期1卷 13-22页

作者： Huiru Li Huawei Zhang Li Yin Feifei Zhang Ziqi Chen Taolin Chen Zhiyun Jia Qiyong Gong Huaxi MR Research Center(HMRRC) Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceDepartment of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina610041 Department of Psychiatry West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina610041 Department of Nuclear Medicine West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina610041 Psychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences ChengduChina610041

Background:Major depressive disorder(MDD)is associated with high risk of suicide,but the biological under-pinnings of suicidality in MDD patients are far from conclusive.Previous neuroimaging studies using voxel-based morphometry(VBM)demonstrated that depressed individuals with suicidal thoughts or behaviors exhibit specific cortical structure alterations.To complement VBM findings,surface-based morphometry(SBM)can pro-vide more details into gray matter structure,including the cortical complexity,cortical thickness and sulcal depth for brain images.Objective:This study aims to use SBM to investigate cortical morphology alterations to obtain evidence for neuroanatomical alterations in depressed patients with suicidality.Methods:Here,3D T1-weighted MR images of brain from 39 healthy controls,40 depressed patients without suicidality(patient controls),and 39 with suicidality(suicidal groups)were analyzed based on SBM to estimate the fractal dimension,gyrification index,sulcal depth,and cortical thickness using the Computational Anatomy Toolbox.Correlation analyses were performed between clinical data and cortical surface measurements from patients.Results:Surface-based morphometry showed decreased sulcal depth in the parietal,frontal,limbic,occipital and temporal regions and decreased fractal dimension in the frontal regions in depressed patients with sui-cidality compared to both healthy and patient controls.Additionally,in patients with depression,the sulcal depth of the left caudal anterior cingulate cortex was negatively correlated with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores.Conclusions:Depressed patients with suicidality had abnormal cortical morphology in some brain regions within the default mode network,frontolimbic circuitry and temporal regions.These structural deficits may be associated with the dysfunction of emotional processing and impulsivity control.This study provides insights into the underlying neurobiology of the suicidal brain.

关键词： major depressive disorder suicidality surface-based morphometry fractal dimension sulcal depth psychoradiology

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The Association between Physical Education and Mental Health Indicators in Adolescents:A Cross-Sectional Study

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2022年第5期24卷 783-793页

作者： Xiaoqing Hu Yan Tang School of Physical Education and Sports Training Shanghai University of SportShanghai200438China Shanghai Research Centre for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents Shanghai University of SportShanghai200438China

Objective:To explore the associations between physical education attendance and mental health indicators.Methods:Using data from the Global Student Health Survey,the frequency of physical education attendance,suicidality-related indicators,loneliness,bullying,and anxiety were all assessed using a standardized self-reported questionnaire.Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association between physical education attendance and mental health-related indicators.Results:The study included 276,169 participants from 71 coun-tries(47.3%males,aged 11–18 years old).After controlling for sex,age,food insecurity,close friends,physical activity,sedentary time,others’help,and parents’understanding,physical education attendance was not signiﬁ-cantly associated with suicidal attempts,suicidal ideation,and anxiety.However,compared with no physical edu-cation attendance,individuals attending physical education for 1,2,as well as 5 or more days had signiﬁcantly reduced odds/ratios of suicide;only 2 days of physical education attendance was associated with a lower odds ratio for suffering from loneliness.Even 1 day of physical education was associated with not being bullied by others.Conclusion:This study suggests that physical education attendance may not have an effective role in reducing mental health illnesses in children and adolescents.Future studies are encouraged to corroborate or negate our research discoveries by using better and further improved study designs.

关键词： Physical education mental illness loneliness suicidality bullying behaviors

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Antidepressants for bipolar disorder A meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, controlled trials

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第31期8卷 2962-2974页

作者： Yingli Zhang Huan Yang Shichang Yang Wei Liang Ping Dai Changhong Wang Yalin Zhang Mental Health Institute Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Psychological Counseling Center Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University Department of Psychology Xinxiang Medical University Department of Clinical Psychology Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University Sichuan University Library

OBJECTIVE： To examine the efficacy and safety of short-term and long-term use of antidepres- sants in the treatment of bipolar disorder. DATA SOURCES： A literature search of randomized, double-blind, controlled trials published until December 2012 was performed using the PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Medline and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. The keywords ＂bipolar disorder, bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, bipolar mania, bipolar depression, cyclothymia, mixed mania and depression, rapid cycling and bipolar disorder＂, AND ＂antidepressant agent, antidepressive agents second- generation, antidepressive agents tricyclic, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, noradrenaline uptake in- hibitor, serotonin uptake inhibitor, and tricyclic antidepressant agent＂ were used. The studies that were listed in the reference list of the published papers but were not retrieved in the above-mentioned databases were supplemented. STUDY SELECTION： Studies selected were double-blind randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy and safety of antidepressants in patients with bipolar disorder. All participants were aged 18 years or older, and were diagnosed as having primary bipolar disorder. Antidepressants or antidepressants combined with mood stabilizers were used in experimental interventions. Placebos, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics and other antide pressants were used in the control interventions. Studies that were quasi-randomized studies, or used antidepressants in combination with antipsy- chotics in the experimental group were excluded. All analyses were conducted using Review Man- ager 5.1 provided by the Cochrane Collaboration.

关键词： neural regeneration evidence-based medicine bipolar disorder bipolar depression antidepressant response switching to mania suicidality meta-analysis grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

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