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Genetic Structure and Diversity of Parental Cultivars Involved in China Mainland sugarcane Breeding Programs as Inferred from DNA Microsatellites

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第11期11卷 1794-1803页

作者： QI Yong-wen PAN Yong-bao LAO Fang-ye ZHANG Chui-ming FAN Li-na HE Hui-yi LIU Ruin WANG Qin-nan LIU Shao-mou LIU Fu-ye LI Qi-wei DENG Hai-hua Guangdong Key Laboratory of sugarcane Improvement and Biorefinery Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute Guangzhou 510316 P.R.China USDA-ARS Mid-South Area Sugarcane Research Laboratory Houma 70360 USA

To understand genetic structure and diversity of parental cultivars involved in China Mainland sugarcane breeding programs, 92 elite parents and 4 wild relatives were genotyped with 18 microsatellite DNA markers. The genetic similarity （GS） values among the cultivars ranged from 0.346 to 0.960 with an average of 0.533. Among the introduced cultivars, India accessions had the closest genetic distance to China Mainland accessions （0.447）, while Australia accessions have the furthest distance （0.503）. A comparison of allelic diversity among geographical origins showed that there were 22 China Mainland specific alleles, of which 28% were derived from native S. spontaneaum germplasm in China. Model-based genetic structure, clustering, and principal components analyses consistently revealed there were five groups within the 96 accessions. Groups 1, 2, 4, and 5 consisted of all cultivars and group 3 only contained wild germplasm. Group 2 was characterized as the Introduction group with 46 cultivars predominantly introduced from Australia, Taiwan of China, India, and USA. Groups 1, 4, and 5 consisted of cultivars mostly originated from China Mainland, defined as the Complex group, Yacheng lines group, and F134/CP72-1210 group, respectively, upon their pedigree. By understanding the genetic relationships among the parental cultivars, breeders can gain a rational basis for expanding the gene pool and select the best parental accessions for crossing.

关键词： genetic diversity microsatellite DNA marker population structure sugarcane

Assessment of Physico-Chemical and Microbial Quality of sugarcane Juice Sold by Street Vendors in Three Regions of Bangladesh

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 263-276页

作者： Nargis Akter Khan Md. Murtaja Reza Linkon Munni Akter Md. Alamgir Hossain Md. Mahbubur Rahman Tayeba Khan Md. Abdul Alim Md. Esrafil Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University Tangail Bangladesh Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University Tangail Bangladesh

Sugar cane juice is a popular refreshing drink in most part of Bangladesh. It has great taste and health benefits;also it is available most of the public places at reasonable prices which consumed by road side customers including general public, shopping personals, tourists, students. In our country, street vendors crushing sugarcane between roller crusher and sold without any heat treatment or preservative, also served with or without added ice and lemon juice. The study aimed to identify and compare the physico-chemical and microbial quality of sugarcane juice. The chemical qualities of juices including moisture, PH, ash, total soluble solid, total sugar, reducing sugar and titrable acidity were found slightly different in Mymensingh, Gazipur and Narayangonj areas. The highest and lowest value of moisture, ash, PH, total soluble solids, total sugar, reducing sugar and titrable acidity were found in 84.33% - 79.26% (Gazipur-Mymensingh), 0.57% - 0.04% (Mymensingh-Gazipur), 5.9 - 2.9 (Gazipur-Narayangonj), 17.48% - 4.98% (Mymensingh-Narayangonj), 21.9% - 6.56% (Mymensingh-Gazipur), 3.7 - 2.1 (Gazipur-Mymensingh) and 0.523% - 0.007% (Narayangonj-Gazipur) respectively. For microbiological analysis, the total viable count of sugar cane juice in Mymensingh, Gazipur and Narayangonj were ranged from 0.6 × 105 - 43.6 × 105 cfu/ml, 4.6 × 105 - 21.6 × 105 cfu/ml and 3.6 × 105 - 36.6 × 105 cfu/ml respectively, where the permitted value is 1.0 × 104 cfu/ml, whereas the total coliform count was ranged from 0.4 × 105 - 6.4 × 105 cfu/ml, 0.6 × 105 - 8.4 × 105 cfu/ml and 0.00 - 8.4 × 105 cfu/ml, where the permitted value is 100 cfu/ml and total fungal count was ranged from 5.5 × 105 - 56.5 × 105 cfu/ml, 21.5 × 105 - 54.5 × 105 cfu/ml and 32.5 × 105 - 68.5 × 105 cfu/ml, where the permitted value is 1000 cfu/ml. Ac

关键词： sugarcane Street Vendors Microbial Quality Reducing Sugar

Analysis of Occurrence and Mixed Infection of sugarcane Bacilliform Virus Disease in Hainan sugarcane-growing Area

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2024年第3期15卷 8-11,48页

作者： Linbo SHEN Shuzhen ZHANG Tingting SUN Guoru XIONG Meidan HE Wenzhi WANG National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding Institute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101China Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biology and Genetic Resources Utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas/Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural ResourcesHainan Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Tropical Agricultural Bioresources/Sanya Research InstituteChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China Tiangong Residential College Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

[Objectives]The paper was to explore the occurrence and mixed infection of sugarcane bacilliform virus disease in Hainan sugarcane-growing area.[Methods]A total of 348 sugarcane leaf samples were collected from 7 sugarcane-growing areas in Hainan Province.Molecular detection of sugarcane bacilliform virus(SCBV)was carried out by PCR using specific primers.[Results]SCBV was detected in 244 out of 348 sugarcane samples,with an average detection rate of 70.11%.The highest detection rate was 76.66%in the Danzhou sugarcane-growing area,while the lowest was 57.14%in the Baisha sugarcane-growing area.The SCBV-positive samples were subjected to testing for SCYLV,SCSMV,SrMV,and SCMV,respectively.The results indicated that 106 out of 244 positive samples exhibited a single infection with SCBV,while 138 samples exhibited mixed infections with SCBV and other sugarcane viruses.The proportion of mixed infections among the SCBV-positive samples was as high as 56.56%.Among the various types of mixed infections,two-virus and three-virus mixed infections were the most prevalent.[Conclusions]SCBV has emerged as a significant threat to the secure production of sugarcane in the Hainan sugarcane-growing region.It presents an explosive infection in the Hainan sugarcane-growing region and frequently combines with other sugarcane viruses to infect sugarcane.The findings of this study will provide a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of sugarcane bacilliform virus disease.

关键词： sugarcane sugarcane bacilliform virus disease Detection rate Mixed infection

Automatic detection and evaluation of sugarcane planting rows in aerial images

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第3期10卷 400-415页

作者： Bruno Moraes Rocha Afonso Ueslei da Fonseca Helio Pedrini Fabrızzio Soares Instituto de Informa´tica Universidade Federal de Goia´sGoiaˆnia 74690-900GOBrazil Institute of Computing University of CampinasCampinas 13083-852SPBrazil

sugarcane planting is an important and growing activity in Brazil.Thereupon,several techniques have been developed over the years to maximize crop productivity and profit,amongst them,processing of sugarcane field images.In this sense,this research aims to identify and analyze crop rows and measure their gaps from aerial images of sugarcane fields.For this,a small Remotely Piloted Aircraft captured the images,generating orthomosaics of the areas for analysis.Then,each orthomosaic is classified with the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm to segment regions of interest.Planting row orientation is estimated using the RGB gradient filter.Morphological operations and computational geometry models are then used to detect and map rows and gaps along the planting row segment.To evaluate the results,crop rows are mapped and compared to manually taken measurements.Our technique obtained an error smaller than 2%when compared to gap length in crop rows from an orthomosaic with the area of 8.05 ha(ha).The proposed approach can map the positioning of the automatically generated row segments appropriately onto manually created segments.Moreover,our method also achieved similar results when confronted with a manual technique for differing growth stages(40 and 80 days after harvest)of the sugarcane crop.The proposed method presents a great potential to be adopted in sugarcane planting monitoring。

关键词： sugarcane Planting Rows Aerial Images Remotely Piloted Aircraft

Manganese toxicity-induced chlorosis in sugarcane seedlings involves inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis

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The Crop Journal 2022年第6期10卷 1674-1682页

作者： Shu Yang Guizhi Ling Qiuyue Li Ke Yi Xinlian Tang Muqing Zhang Xiaofeng Li State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangxi Key Laboratory for sugarcane Biology College of AgricultureGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004GuangxiChina Institute for New Rural Development Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004GuangxiChina

Manganese(Mn)toxicity-induced leaf chlorosis limits crop production in acidic soils,but its underlying mechanisms remain unknown.The effects of excessive Mn on chlorophyll(Chl)biosynthesis in sugarcane(Saccharum officinarum L.)leaves were investigated.Under Mn treatment,Chl concentration decreased with Mn accumulation and chlorosis appeared in expanding leaves.Before that,levels of the initial Chl precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA)and its downstream intermediates decreased,whereas magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester(MgPME)accumulated.Overaccumulation of Mn in leaves downregulated the ALA biosynthetic gene GluTR(encoding glutamyl-tRNA reductase)and MgPME conversion gene MgPMEC(encoding MgPME cyclase),upregulated the ALA biosynthesis inhibitor FLU(encoding FLUORESCENT),but had no significant effect on the expression of other Chl biosynthetic genes.The above Mn-induced changes of Chl precursors and expression of corresponding genes commenced before the Chl decline and leaf chlorosis,and were reversed by ALA supplementation.Thus,excessive Mn-induced chlorosis in sugarcane is mediated by a Chl-biosynthesis disorder resulting from the inhibition of ALA synthesis and MgPME conversion.

关键词： sugarcane Manganese toxicity Chlorosis Chlorophyll biosynthesis Gene expression

Past and recent advances in sugarcane cytogenetics

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The Crop Journal 2023年第1期11卷 1-8页

作者： Kai Wang Hui Zhang Haris Khurshid Ayman Esh Caiwen Wu Qinnan Wang Nathalie Piperidis School of Life Sciences Nantong UniversityNantong 226019JiangsuChina Sugar Research Australia Mackay 4740Australia Institute of Nanfan&Seed Industry Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510316GuangdongChina sugarcane Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKaiyuan 661600YunnanChina Sugar Crops Research Institute Agriculture Research CenterGiza 12111Egypt Oilseeds Research Program National Agricultural Research CentreIslamabad 44000Pakistan

The Saccharum genus comprises species with large and variable chromosome numbers, leading to challenges in genomic studies and breeding improvement. Cytogenetics, including classical and molecular approaches, has played a central role in deciphering the genome structure, classification, and evolution of the genus Saccharum. The application of fluorescence in situ hybridization using oligonucleotide probes significantly improved our understanding of the complex genomes of Saccharum species. This paper reviews the application and progress of cytogenetic techniques in Saccharum. Future applications of cytogenetics are discussed, as they could benefit both genomic studies and breeding of sugarcane as well as other plants with complex genomes.

关键词： Cytogenetics sugarcane FISH Chromosome Oligo-FISH

Comparative Preliminary Evaluation of Agronomic and Quality Traits of New"Zhongtang"Superior Lines

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Asian Agricultural Research 2024年第6期16卷 48-54页

作者： Zhengying CAO Lishun PENG Yimei GAN Wenwei CAI Yuanli WU Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101China Sanya Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China

[Objectives]sugarcane is the most significant sugar cash crop in the tropical and subtropical regions of China.However,it is notable for its narrow genetic basis,limited trait improvement,weak adaptability of varieties,and poor planting efficiency.In order to accelerate the process of sugarcane variety replacement and expand the basis of genetic variation,interspecific hybridization and multiple mutagenesis are the most effective methods for obtaining new sugarcane varieties.The evaluation and identification of phenotypic traits of germplasm represents a significant analytical method.The"Zhongtang"series of sugarcane varieties is distinguished by its high yield and high sugar content.New sugarcane germplasms with excellent agronomic and quality traits can be identified and developed as breeding parents and new breeding lines through comprehensive evaluation of the existing germplasm.[Methods]A total of 181 new lines were selected through genetic origin and orientation,and evaluated and appraised for growth,yield,and economic characteristics.The data on 6 important agronomic and quality traits,including tillering,initial plant height,plant height,stem diameter,number of effective stems,and brix at maturity,were used to discover superior lines.These traits were evaluated during the two production seasons of the participant lines.[Results]A comprehensive evaluation of seedling growth traits and economic traits at maturity of the experimental lines identified 30 excellent new germplasms of sugarcane.Among the selected lines,1501 and 1701 exhibited superior agronomic and quality traits,rendering them suitable as parental lines for sugarcane breeding or breeding as new varieties.[Conclusions]The exemplary results obtained in this study provide a solid foundation for the improvement of sugarcane germplasm,with the goal of enhancing quality and efficiency.These findings are of great scientific and practical significance to the study of sugarcane yield and sugar-related genes,as well as the exploration of the evaluation a

关键词： sugarcane Germplasm evaluation Yield Agronomic trait Economic trait

Isolating QTL controlling sugarcane leaf blight resistance using a two-way pseudo-testcross strategy

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The Crop Journal 2022年第4期10卷 1131-1140页

作者： Zhoutao Wang Guilong Lu Qibin Wu Aitian Li Youxiong Que Liping Xu Key Laboratory of sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNational Engineering Research Center for SugarcaneFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Dehong sugarcane Science Institute Dehong 678400YunnanChina

sugarcane leaf blight(SLB),caused by Stagonospora tainanensis,is one of the most harmful fungal diseases,threatening the sugarcane industry and causing high losses of cane yield and sugar in susceptible cultivars.Using a two-way pseudo-testcross mapping strategy in combination with array genotyping,two high-density genetic maps were constructed for sugarcane cultivars YT93-159 and ROC22 with mean densities of respectively 3.0 and 3.5 cM per marker,and covering respectively 4485 and 2720 cM of genetic distance.The maps showed highly conserved colinearity with the genome of the ancestral species Saccharum officinarum,supporting the reliability of the linkage configurations of the maps.Quantitative trait loci(QTL)analysis of SLB resistance revealed six QTL(qSLB-1–qSLB-6).The major QTL qSLB-1 explaining 16.4%of phenotypic variance was assigned as the main QTL,and the total percentages of phenotypic variance explained in YT93-159 and ROC22 were 37.9%and 17.6%,respectively.Nine transcription factor and seven pathogen receptor genes lying in the qSLB-1 interval were highly expressed and are proposed as candidate causal genes for SLB resistance.

关键词： sugarcane Genetic map Leaf blight QTL mapping Causal gene

Design and experimental research on disc-type seeding device for single-bud sugarcane seeds

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 115-124页

作者： Xinpeng Liu Zhaojun Niu Ming Li Mingxin Hou Lijiao Wei Yuan Zhang Li Huang South Subtropical Crop Research Institute China Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesZhanjiang 524091GuangdongChina Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Machinery ResearchZhanjiang 524091GuangdongChina Guangdong Ocean University School of Mechanical and Power EngineeringZhanjiang 524091GuangdongChina

Mechanized sugarcane seeding is one of the effective technical measures for improving seeding uniformity and operation efficiency.However,the imperfection of supporting equipment limits the promotion and application of this technology.As there are some problems in domestic sugarcane planting machines currently,such as large auxiliary labor,high labor intensity,low seeding uniformity,and large amount of seeds,a disc-type single-bud sugarcane seed metering device was innovatively designed on the basis of the analysis of physical properties of single-bud sugarcane seeds and the combination with agronomic requirements for field planting in this paper.Solidworks was used to simulate and analyze the mechanism,check the theoretical parameters,and process the test prototype.Through single-factor experiments,the effective factors affecting seeding uniformity were determined.A multi-factor orthogonal rotation test was designed,data were collected and then SPSS was used to get the optimal parameters for the seeding uniformity:the advancement speed of machine is 0.22 m/s,the number of disc seeding grooves is 10,the rotating disc speed is 0.18 r/s,and the seeding uniformity is 86.2%;the seeding uniformity was verified by field trial,and the results showed that the average seeding uniformity of the field verification was 83%,with the error 3.2% relative to the optimization result.The relative error is within 10%,indicating that the optimization result is reliable and meets the requirements of seeding uniformity,thus providing theoretical basis for the research and development of the disc-type single-bud seeding device.

关键词： sugarcane single-bud sugarcane seed disc-type seeding device seeding uniformity