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Molecular cloning,characterization and expression profile of the sucrose synthase gene family in Litchi chinensis

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2021年第6期7卷 520-528页

作者： Dan Wang Jietang Zhao Yaqi Qin Yonghua Qin Guibing Hu State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(South China) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research CenterCollege of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

sucrose synthase(SUS,EC 2.***.1.13)is widely considered as a key enzyme involved in plant sucrose metabolism,and the gene family encoding different SUS isozymes has been identified and characterized in several plant ***,to date scant information about the SUS genes is available in Litchi chinensis ***,we identified five SUS genes in *** Lc SUSs shared high levels of similarity in both nucleotide and amino acid *** gene structure,phylogenetic relationships,and expression profiles were *** structure analysis indicated that the Lc SUSs have similar exon-intron *** analysis revealed that the five members could be classified into three groups(LcSUS1 and LcSUS2 in SUSⅡ,LcSUS4 and LcSUS5 in SUSⅢ,and LcSUS3 in SUSⅠ),demonstrating evolutionary conservation in the SUS family across litchi and other plant *** expression levels of Lc SUSs were investigated via real-time PCR in various tissues and different developmental stages of *** tissues and organs,Lc SUSs exhibited distinct but partially redundant expression profiles in litchi,being predominantly expressed in young leaves(sink).During aril development,the expression pattern of LcSUS1 was consistent with the trend of sugar accumulation,indicating it may play important roles in determination of sink strength in ***,transcript levels of LcSUS2,LcSUS4,and LcSUS5 varied between cultivars with different hexose/sucrose ratios,which may regulate the sugar composition in *** results provide insights into physiological functions of SUS genes in litchi,especially roles in regulating sugar accumulation in aril.

关键词： Litchi chinensis sucrose synthase Gene expression Aril Sugar accumulation

Overexpression of a Potato sucrose synthase Gene in Cotton Accelerates Leaf Expansion, Reduces Seed Abortion, and Enhances Fiber Production

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Molecular Plant 2012年第2期5卷 430-441页

作者： Shou-Min Xu Elizabeth Brill Danny J. Llewellyn Robert T. Furbank Yong-Ling Ruan CSIRO Plant Industry GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW 2308 Australia

sucrose synthase （Sus） is a key enzyme in the breakdown of sucrose and is considered a biochemical marker for sink strength, especially in crop species, based on mutational and gene suppression studies. It remains elusive, however, whether, or to what extent, increase in Sus activity may enhance sink development. We aimed to address this question by expressing a potato Sus gene in cotton where Sus expression has been previously shown to be critical for normal seed and fiber development. Segregation analyses at T1 generation followed by studies in homozygous progeny lines revealed that increased Sus activity in cotton （1） enhanced leaf expansion with the effect evident from young leaves emerging from shoot apex; （2） improved early seed development, which reduced seed abortion, hence enhanced seed set, and （3） promoted fiber elongation. In young leaves of Sus overexpressing lines, fructose concentrations were significantly increased whereas, in elongating fibers, both fructose and glucose levels were increased. Since hexoses contribute little to osmolality in leaves, in contrast to developing fibers, it is concluded that high Sus activity promotes leaf development independently of osmotic regulation, probably through sugar signaling. The analyses also showed that doubling the Sus activity in 0-d cotton seeds increased their fresh weight by about 30%. However, further increase in Sus activity did not lead to any further increase in seed weight, indicating an upper limit for the Sus overexpression effect. Finally, based on the observed additive effect on fiber yield from increased fiber length and seed number, a new strategy is proposed to increase cotton fiber yield by improving seed development as a whole, rather than solely focusing on manipulating fiber growth.

关键词： cotton fiber invertase leaf expansion seed abortion seed development sucrose synthase sugar signaling.

Regulation of sucrose synthase activity and sugar yield by nitrogen in sugar beet

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2007年第4期14卷 289-293页

作者： LI Caifeng MA Fengming LI Wenhua WANG Rui CHEN Shengyong LUO Yu College of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China

The content of sugar is influenced by sucrose synthase （SS） activity in roots. The effects of nitrogen level in the aminonitrate ratio on SS activity of leaves and roots, roots yield and sugar content in sugar beet were studied in the field experiment by nutrient solution culture. The results showed that SS activity in leaves was lower than that in roots. With nitrogen level increasing, SS decomposition activity enhanced, and synthesis activity reduced. SS activity was regulated by different nitrogen forms and the ratio of NO3 and NH4^＋. SS synthesis activity was enhanced as NH4^＋ increasing when NO3 ： NH4^＋≥ 1, and it decreased as increasing NH4^＋ when NO3 ： NH4^＋≤ 1, and it was the highest when NO3 ： NH4^＋=1. SS decomposition activity was enhanced as NO3- increasing. sucrose content in root was lowed as nitrogen level increasing, but it was enhanced as NH4^＋ increasing in the same nitrogen level. Root and sugar yield were the highest in the medium nitrogen level and NO3 ： NH4^＋=1. The result in field experiment corresponded with that in the nutrient fluid culture. It provides a basis for using reasonably nitrogen fertilizer in sugar beet production.

关键词： sugar beet nitrogen sucrose synthase

Recovery of photosynthesis,sucrose metabolism,and proteolytic enzymes in Kandelia obovata from rare cold events in the northernmost mangrove,China

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 108-119页

作者： Chunfang Zheng Yong Ye Weicheng Liu Jianwu Tang Chengnian Zhang Jianbiao Qiu Jinong Chen Wenzhou Ocean Research Institute Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-resourceZhejiang Mariculture Research InstituteWenzhou 325000China Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem College of the Environment and EcologyXiamen UniversityXiamenChina Nanji Islands National Marine Nature Reserve Administration PingyangChina Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology WenzhouChina

Introduction:Understanding how mangroves respond to rare cold events has implications for both restoration and conservation under climate change *** study investigated the responses of photosynthesis and activities of key enzymes involving carbon and nitrogen metabolism at different ages of Kandelia obovata to a rare cold event in the winter of ***:This study took place on Ximen Island,Zhejiang Province,*** measured the physiological recovery of 2-3-,5-6-,9-10-and 54-55-year-old *** trees after freezing injury in February and March in 2011 and 2012,***:Chilling injury index and electrolyte leakage of *** increased with increasing tree age in the winter of 2010,and electrolyte leakage in *** at different ages in the winter of 2010 was far higher than that in the winter of *** rare cold events significantly changed the recoveries of the leaf net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and stomatal conductance(Gs);ratios of chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b(Chl a/Chl b);contents of total soluble sugar(TSS),sucrose,free amino acid(FAA),and soluble protein;and activities of sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS),endopeptidase,and carboxypeptidase in *** at different *** effects were mainly due to changes in the physiological mechanism in the 2-year-old trees.A clear decrease in Pn of the 2-year-old trees was observed in February 2011,as exemplified by reductions in ratios of Chl a/Chl b and chlorophyll/carotenoid(Chl/Car),as well as inhibition of the levels of TSS and FAA(osmotic substances).During recovery in 2011 and 2012,the activities of SPS and sucrose synthase(SS)were responsible for sucrose synthesis after the rare cold events in 2011,but only SPS activity was one of the main factors contributing to the metabolism of stachyose to sucrose without cold damage in *** played a more important role than endopeptidase during protein hydrolysis after the rare cold ***:The results suggest that

关键词： Kandelia obovata Photosynthesis sucrose synthase Rare cold events Peptidase

Alterations in sucrose metabolizing enzyme activities and total phenol content of Curcuma longa L. as affected by different triazole compounds

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Frontiers in Biology 2009年第4期4卷 419-423页

作者： C.Abdul JALEEL Changxing ZHAO Sedghi MOHAMED Hameed Jasim AL-JUBURI Helal Ragab MOUSSA M.GOMATHINAYAGAM R.PANNEERSELVAM Stress Physiology Lab Department of BotanyAnnamalai UniversityTamil NaduIndia DMJM International(Cansult Maunsell/AECOM Ltd.) Consultant of Gardens Sector ProjectsAlain Municipality and Eastern EmiratesP.O.Box 1419Al-AinAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates College of Agronomy and Plant Protection Qingdao Agricultural UniversityChunyang RoadChengyang DistrictQingdao 266109China Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran Radioisotope Department Atomic Energy AuthorityMalaeb El-Gamaa St.P.O.12311DokkiGizaEgypt

Changes in the sucrose metabolism of Cur-cuma longa *** were studied under treatment with different triazole compounds viz.,triadimefon(TDM)and propiconazole(PCZ).Plants were treated with TDM at 15mg/L and PCZ at 10mg/L separately by soil drenching on 80,110,and 140 days after planting(DAP).The plants were harvested randomly on 90,120,and 150DAP to determine the effect of both the triazoles on sucrose metabolizing enzymes and phenol *** sucrose metabolism was studied by analyzing sucrose metaboliz-ing enzymes like sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate *** the analyses were assayed in leaves and tubers of both control and treated *** was found that both of the triazole compounds had profound effects on these parameters.

关键词： Curcuma longa triadimefon propiconazole sucrose synthase sucrose phosphate synthase total phenol

Carbon Supply and the Regulation of Cell Wa Synthesis

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Molecular Plant 2018年第1期11卷 75-94页

作者： Jana Verbancic John Edward Lunn Mark Stitt Staffan Persson Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Muhlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany School of Biosciences University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia

All plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall that determines the directionality of cell growth and protects the cell against its environment. Plant cell walls are comprised primarily of polysaccharides and represent the largest sink for photosynthetically fixed carbon, both for individual plants and in the terrestrial biosphere as a whole. Cell wall synthesis is a highly sophisticated process, involving multiple enzymes and metabolic intermediates, intracellular trafficking of proteins and cell wall precursors, assembly of cell wall polymers into the extracellular matrix, remodeling of polymers and their interactions, and recycling of cell wall sugars. In this review we discuss how newly fixed carbon, in the form of UDP-glucose and other nucleotide sugars, contributes to the synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides, and how cell wall synthesis is influenced by the carbon status of the plant, with a focus on the model species Arabidopsis （Arabidopsis thaliana）.

关键词： carbon availability cell walls nucleotide sugars sucrose synthase

Effects of Panicle Nitrogen Fertilization on Non-Structural Carbohydrate and Grain Filling in Indica Rice

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第11期9卷 1630-1640页

作者： ZHENG Yong-mei, DING Yan-feng, LIU Zheng-hui and WANG Shao-hua Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210 095, P.R.China [a] Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing Agriculture University Nanjing 210 095 P.R. China

Grain filling, a crucial stage of grain yield formation in rice, is usually affected by the panicle nitrogen （N） fertilization. Field and pot culture experiments were conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms of N effect. Two rice cultivars with high lodging resistance were grown in the field and pot. Four panicle N fertilization treatments were conducted in 2006 and repeated in 2007. The result showed that medium level of panicle N fertilization treatment （NM） enhanced the accumulation and translocation of non-structural carbohydrate （NSC） in the stem and sheath. Compared with non-nitrogen treatment （NO）, NM promoted the translocation of labeled ^13C from stem and sheath to grain. But, low level of panicle N fertilization treatment （NL） and high level of panicle N fertilization treatment （NH） showed the negative effect. The endosperm cell, grain length, and grain width of NM increased more quickly than that of NO from 4 to 10 d after anthesis. During the early period of grain filling, sucrose-phosphate synthase （EC 2.***.1.14, SPS） activity were significantly higher for the NM treatment than those of the NL and NH treatments. sucrose synthase （EC 2.***.1.13, SuSase） activity in the grains was substantially enhanced by NM, with the duration of higher activity being longer than those of the other treatments. At maturing stage, NM significantly increased the filled grain number, the seed-setting rate, and the grain weight compared with NL and NH. The results suggest that NM have a positive effect on the activities of enzymes of physiological importance, thereby increasing the grain size and promoting grain filling.

关键词： rice panicle nitrogen fertilization grain filling non-structural carbohydrate sink capacity sucrose-phosphatesynthase sucrose synthase

Effect of High Temperature on sucrose Content and sucrose Cleaving Enzyme Activity in Rice Grain During the Filling Stage

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Rice science 2006年第3期13卷 205-210页

作者： LI Tian LIU Qi-hua Ryu OHSUGI Tohru YAMAGISHI Haruto SASAKI College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Ya＇an 625014 China Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences the University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku 113-8567 Japan

Dynamic changes of sucrose, fructose, glucose contents and differences in activities of sucrose synthase, vacuolar invertase, and cell wall bound invertase in rice grain after flowering stage were studied under natural and high temperatures by using two japonica rice varieties Koshihikari and Sasanishiki. In rice grains, the sucrose synthase activity was higher than that of invertase, which was significantly correlated with starch accumulation rate, indicating that the sucrose synthase played an important role in sucrose degradation and starch synthesis. Under high temperature, the significant increase in grain sucrose content without any increase in fructose and glucose contents, suggested that the high temperature treatment enhanced sucrose accumulation, while diminished sucrose degradation in rice grains. Compared with the control plants, the decrease in activities of sucrose synthase, vacuolar invertase, and cell wall bound invertase with high temperature treated plants indicated that the deceleration of sucrose-degradation was related to the decrease in activities of sucrose synthase and invertase.

关键词： high temperature sucrose content sucrose synthase vacuolar invertase cell walL bound invertase rice grain

Effect of Nitrogen on Apple Fruit Development in Different Loads

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第6期1卷 674-679页

作者： PENG Fu-tian, JIANG Yuan-mao, GU Man-ru and SHU Huai-rui( Department of Horticulture, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018 , P.R. China) Department of Horticulture Shandong Agricultural University Taian 271018 P. R . China

The experiments including soil application N, thinning and priming leaf treatment, using eight -year-old apple trees (M. domestica *** Fuji/ M. hupenensis Rhed) as materials were carried out to study the effect of N on fruit development. The main results were as follows: on heavily thinned trees, SS activity was independent of N and priming leaves treatments. The results show that the carbohydrate restriction of source to sink activity did not exist, and N application did not stimulate fruit growth rates relative to those on nonfertilized trees; however, N fertilization resulted in a longer fruit development period and increased the growth potential of individual fruit by 20.8% (fresh weight) and 14.1% (dry weight) vs. controls ; in unthinned trees, SS activity was increased by N fertilization but decreased by priming leaves treatment , so the carbohydrate restriction of source to sink activity existed, N fertilization increased the average single fruit weight both by extending the fruit development period and by increasing fruit growth rate, and the increasing rates were 28.2% (fresh weight) and 19.4 % (dry weight) compared to the unthinned nonfertilized controls. Fruit soluble sugar and pericarp anthocyanin concentration was decreased by N fertilization.

关键词： Apple Nitrogen Fruit development sucrose synthase