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Advances in Microbiology 2014年第10期4卷 609-615页

作者： Rana Abu Salbi Mireille Serhan Marcel Bassil Clinical Laboratory Sciences Program Faculty of Health Sciences University of Balamand Beirut Lebanon Nutritional Sciences Program Faculty of Health Sciences University of Balamand Deir El Balamand Tripoli Lebanon

Raw goat milk cheeses are known for their natural microflora linked to many biodiversity factors such as the use of raw milk. That microflora serves probiotic attribution conferring a beneficial health impact on the consumer. Darfiyeh is an artisanal raw goat milk cheese manufactured traditionally in Northern Lebanese Mountains. To emphasize its clinical significance in both digestive and immune system, and to provide health remunerations to the consumer, the cheese microbiota will be investigated. To serve that purpose, the presence of the two potent probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB): Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and Lactobacillus plantarum will be investigated. For bacterial identification, selection and isolation: culture-dependent techniques that imply the use of laboratory media will be implemented, and culture independent techniques: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) will be applied for further validation. Both bacteria were further verified as Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and Lactobacillus plantarum by implementing specie-specific primers for the qualitative PCR.

关键词： Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis Lactobacillus Plantarum Darfiyeh Cheese Probiotic Effect

Influence of Different Sterilization Conditions on the Growth and Exopolysaccharide of Streptococcus thermophilusand Co-Cultivation with Lactobacillus delbrueckiisubsp. bulgaricusOLL1073R-1

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Advances in Microbiology 2015年第11期5卷 760-767页

作者： Junko Nishimura Seiya Makino Katsunori Kimura Emiko Isogai Tadao Saito Laboratory of Nutrition and Life Sciences Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Hachinohe Institute of Technology Hachinohe Japan Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan Food Science Research Labs. Meiji Co. Ltd. Odawara Japan Laboratory of Animal Microbiology Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan

The sterilization conditions between experiment and dairy industrial level are different and concern about influence on product’s qualities. In this study, the fermentation properties of Streptococcus thermophilus, alone and in combination with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, were evaluated in skim milk that had been subjected to distinct sterilization conditions. Growth, organic acid generation, and EPS production were determined using pasteurized or autoclaved milk. When S. thermophilus was cultivated in pasteurized skim milk, the growth was strain-dependent. On the other hand, growth of S. thermophilus was accelerated in autoclaved milk. Exocellular polysaccharide (EPS) production by L. bulgaricus was not affected by the combination of S. thermophilus strains. Thus, we observed that yogurt fermented by L. bulgaricus was minimally affected by the combination of S. thermophilus strains;growth of L. bulgaricus was maintained under the constant environment. These results should facilitate the development of fermented milk produced from L. bulgaricus in the dairy industry.

关键词： Streptococcus thermophilus Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus Sterilization Formic Acid Exopolysaccharide

Solid-State Fermentation for the Concomitant Production of δ-Endotoxin and Endospore from Bacillus thuringiensissubsp. kurstaki

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第10期5卷 797-804页

作者： Veloorvalappil Narayanan Jisha Sailas Benjamin Enzyme Technology Laboratory Biotechnology Division Department of Botany University of Calicut Kerala India

Water stress and limited aeration imparted by solid-state fermentation (SSF) were reported as crucial factors for the enhancement of endospore production by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt);and thus, more δ-endotoxin could be produced concomitantly with reduced time. Therefore, Bt subsp. kurstaki (Btk) was employed in the present study to evaluate its efficiency for the concomitant production of endospores and δ-endotoxin in LB medium supplemented with various naturally available agricultural products, i.e., flours of soybean, Bengal gram or jack seed at various concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80% or 100%, all w/v). After 12 h fermentation, the supernatant in it was centrifuged off aseptically to obtain solid substrate for subsequent SSF. Of them, soybean (30%) supplemented medium was the best for the enhanced production of endospore and δ-crystals. The maximum yield of endospores during solid-state fermentation was observed 48 h, i.e., compared to submerged fermentation in LB, it was 24 h less gestation period. In control sample, the endospores achieved the maximum length (1.10 ± 0.13 μm) and diameter (0.63 ± 0.07 μm) at 72 h;while in soybean supplemented medium, the maximum length (2.10 ± 0.16 μm) and diameter (1.63 ± 0.16 μm) were at 48 h and 72 h, respectively. Upon staining, acridine orange specifically stained the endospores;malachite green-saffranin stained both δ-crystals and endospores;and coomassie brilliant blue specifically stained δ-endotoxin. Briefly, normal gestation period or harvest time for Btk is 72 h, which could be reduced to 48 h, if SSF is employed as demonstrated in this study.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki Spore Solid-State Fermentation δ-Endotoxin

Exopolysaccharides Produced from Lactobacillus delbrueckiisubsp. bulgaricus

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Advances in Microbiology 2014年第14期4卷 1017-1023页

作者： Junko Nishimura Laboratory of Nutrition and Life Sciences Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Hachinohe Institute of Technology Aomori Japan

Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, which has been widely used as a fermented milk starter, is a type of probiotic, and certain strains are able to produce exopolysaccharide (EPS). EPS produced from L. bulgaricus contributes to the physical and biological function of dairy products by regulating immune response, and this tendency seems to place EPS with acidic groups. To date, six types of chemical structure have been determined and are basically composed from glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), and rhamnose (Rha). Eps clusters on chromosome DNA control the EPS synthesis and are transcribed as one mRNA 14 genes with 18kb on L. bulgaricus Lfi5. Furthermore, L. bulgaricus is able to utilize lactose (Lac) as carbohydrate source, repeating units of EPS are synthesized from Glc 6-phosphate, generated by an Embden-Meyerhof (EM) pathway in cellular carbohydrate assimilation. This review discusses EPS produced from L. bulgaricus.

关键词： Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus Exopolysaccharide Probiotics EPS Synthesis Carbohydrate Metabolism

不同来源美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种菌株表型差异性分析

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海洋科学 2019年第6期43卷 15-24页

作者：施琳妮于永翔姜勇张正王印庚廖梅杰荣小军上海海洋大学水产与生命学院上海201306 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食品产出过程功能实验室青岛266071 青岛国家海洋科学研究中心山东青岛266071

美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种(Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae)可感染多种海水养殖动物发病,为研究不同菌株之间的表型差异性,作者对不同来源的 25 株美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种菌株的溶血特性、生理生化特征、药物敏感性以及 5 ... 详细信息

美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种(Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae)可感染多种海水养殖动物发病,为研究不同菌株之间的表型差异性,作者对不同来源的 25 株美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种菌株的溶血特性、生理生化特征、药物敏感性以及 5 种最敏感抗生素的最小抑菌浓度进行了分析。结果表明:(1)25 株菌株在 TSB 培养基上均为白色不透明圆形菌落, TCBS 培养基上菌落显绿色,直径为 1~2 mm,革兰氏染色均为阴性;(2)25 株菌对 3%胰胨水、无盐胰胨水、葡萄糖、肌醇、3% NaCl、ONPG 以及精氨酸双水解酶等 22 种生化反应呈现出高度一致性,对于丙二酸盐、赖氨酸脱羧酶、尿素酶以及西蒙氏枸橼酸盐表现出明显差异;(3)所有菌株中仅有 2 株菌表现出β溶血, 23 株菌表现出α溶血;(4)25 株菌对丁胺卡那、链霉素、复方新诺明、乙酰螺旋霉素以及苯唑青霉素 5 种抗生素均表现出耐药性;对萘啶酸、氟罗沙星、菌必治、头孢胺噻肟、盖伯斯林以及洛美沙星 6 种抗生素均表现敏感性;对恩诺沙星等 27 种抗生素的药物敏感性存在显著差异;(5)5 种抗生素的 MIC 检测结果表明, 25 株菌对萘啶酸以及环丙沙星的 MIC 基本一致,浓度分别是 2.5~10 μg/mL 以及低于 2.5 μg/mL,对多粘菌素 B、氧氟沙星以及洛美沙星 3 种抗生素差异较大。通过本研究证实不同来源的美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种菌株表型特征存在明显差异。

关键词：美人鱼发光杆菌美人鱼亚种(Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae) 溶血性抗生素耐药生理生化特征

On deaf ears, Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis in pathogenesis Crohn's and other diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第48期21卷 13411-13417页

作者： William C Davis Department Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology College of Veterinary MedicineWashington State University

The historic suggestion that Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis(Map) might be a zoonotic pathogen was based on the apparent similarity of lesions in the intestine of patients with Crohn's disease(CD) with those present in cattle infected with Map, the etiological agent of Johne's disease. Reluctance to fully explore this possibility has been attributed to the difficulty in demonstrating the presence of Map in tissues from patients with CD. Advances in technology have resolved this problem and revealed the presence of Map in a significant proportion of patients with CD and other diseases. The seminal finding from recent investigations, however, is the detection of Map in healthy individuals with no clinical signs of disease. The latter observation indicates all humans are susceptible to infection with Map and lends support to the thesis that Map is zoonotic, with a latent stage of infection similar to tuberculosis, where infection leads to the development of an immune response that controls but does not eliminate the pathogen. This clarifies one of the reasons why it has been so difficult to document that Map is zoonotic and associated with the pathogenesis of CD and other diseases. As discussed in the present review, a better understanding of the immune response to Map is needed to determine how infection is usually kept under immune control during the latent stage of infection and elucidate the triggering events that lead to disease progression in the natural host and pathogenesis of CD and immune related diseases in humans.

关键词： Crohn's disease Johne's disease Mycobacteriumavium subsp. paratuberculosis Animal model Monoclonalantibodies Flow cytometry Cytokines

Probiotic Effect of Lebanese Darfiyeh Cheese: A Randomized Case Control Prospective Study in the Elderly

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第12期6卷 1086-1094页

作者： Toufic Saber Jihad Irani Claude Afif Nazem Bassil Elie Estephan Mireille Serhan Marcel Bassil Faculty of Health Sciences University of Balamand Beirut Lebanon Faculty of Medicine University of Balamand Beirut Lebanon Saint George Hospital-University Medical Center Beirut Lebanon Biotechnology Department Benta Pharma Industries Dbayeh Lebanon

A randomized case control prospective method was adopted in this study in order to assess the health benefit associated with the Darfiyeh cheese, a traditional Lebanese raw goat milk cheese ripened in goat skin. 21 participants were recruited and divided into 2 groups: test group (n = 10) and control group (n = 11). Venous blood and stools were collected at day 14, 21 and day 0 and 21 respectively. Flow cytometry was performed on blood sample. Fecal samples were plated on Plate Count Agar (PCA) and de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe Agar (MRS) agar in order to monitor any alteration in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). At day 24, a significant increase by 27.67% (p = 0.043) in the bacterial count was seen on the MRS agar for the test group in comparison to no change in the total bacterial count. At day 14 a significant drop (p = 0.026) in CD3+/CD4+ population in the test group (35.67 vs 42.87), and a non-significant drop (p = 0.818) in CD8+ (24.76 vs 28.28) is seen when compared to control group. At day 24, no significant change (p = 0.20) in the CD3+/CD4+ population in comparison between both groups and no change in CD8+ or Geo means in both groups. In conclusion, an alteration in the GIT microflora could be hinted at by the lactobacilli bacterium, which was not reflected on the total bacterial count.

关键词： Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lacti Lactobacillus plantarum Darfiyeh Cheese Probiotic Effect Elderly

Differences in Morphological, Physiological and Growth Traits between Two Endemic subsp.cies of Brassica rupestrisRaf.: Implications for Their Conservation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第6期4卷 42-50页

作者： Maria Fiore Crescente Loretta Gratani Department of Environmental Biology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy.

The goal of this work was to analyze the phenological and physiological responses of Brassica rupestris Raf. subsp. hispida Raimondo & Mazzola and Brassica rupestris Raf. subsp. rupestris to environmental factors also in consideration of global change. We used seedlings of the two subsp.cies originated from wild plants from the natural habitats in Sicily and cultivated in the Botanical Garden of Rome. Leaf morphological and physiological traits and growth dynamic were analyzed as well as the response to an imposed water stress experiment. The results underlined a higher relative growth rate in plant height (RGRH, cm·cm-1·d-1) in B. rupestris subsp. rupestris also attested by the highest plant height (H, cm), leaf area (LA, cm2), specific leaf area (SLA, cm·g-1), total leaf area per plant (TLA, cm2) and total plant dry mass (PDM, g plant-1). Moreover, the significantly highest net photosynthetic rates (A, μmol CO2 m-2·s-1) during the study period of this subsp.cies was related to the high Chlorophyll content (Chl, SPAD units). B. rupestris subsp. rupestris was also the most tolerant subsp.cies to imposed water stress showing the highest relative water content (RWC, %), A and water use efficiency (WUE, μmol·mmol-1).

关键词： Brassica rupestris Raf. subsp. hispida Raimondo & Mazzola Brassica rupestris Raf. subsp. rupestris Conservation Drought Stress Endemism Global Change Growth Analysis Physiological Traits Red-Listed Species

Detection and Identification of Potato Soft Rot Pectobacterium carotovorumsubsp.cies carotovorumby PCR Analysis of 16S rDNA in Jordan

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第5期9卷 546-556页

作者： Ibtihal Abu-Obeid Hamed Khlaif Nida Salem Plant Protection Directorate National Agricultural Research Center (NARC) Amman Jordan Plant Protection Department Faculty of Agriculture Jordan University Amman Jordan

Various bacterial species are known to be agents causing soft rot of potatoes. The results of this study showed that potato soft rot is widely spread in different potato planting areas in Jordan. A survey was conducted through the years 2013-2015 to detect potato soft rot disease in Jordan, two hundred and four rotted potato samples were collected from different potato growing areas through different potato growing seasons. One hundred and thirty one bacterial isolates were isolated, purified on selective media and identified as Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.cies carotovorum (Pcc) by different biochemical and physiological tests. Furthermore, 131 Pcc Jordanian (Jo) isolates were identified by PCR analysis of total DNA extracted from isolates that were biochemically identified as Pcc using universal primer Fd1/Rd1. Cloning and sequencing of representative PCR products, amplifying the 16S rDNA region were done. Phylogenetic analysis of the Pcc Jo-isolates revealed other than 90% similarity with different reference Pcc strains available at the GenBank. Different rot causal agents also were detected by PCR amplification and further sequences. The sequencing data revealed similarities to Pseudomonas fluorescence, Enterobacteriaceae genera such as Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp. and Klebsiella spp., in addition to Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. This study indicated that using molecular techniques such as amplification of 16S rDNA region is a sensitive and specific method for detecting Pcc as potato soft rot causal agent. So far this is the first study where Pcc has been identified by using PCR and sequencing approaches in Jordan.

关键词： Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc) Soft Rot of Potato PCR Sequencing Detection

Analysis of Pyelonephritis-Associated Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus in Japan

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2018年第12期6卷 45-52页

作者： Masaaki Minami Hideki Nishiyama Shinoba Ikegami Takuya Hattori Makoto Kawashima Michio Ohta Department of Bacteriology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Nagoya City University Nagoya Japan Department of Clinical Laboratory Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daiichi Hospital Nagoya Japan Department of Clinical Laboratory Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital Nagoya Japan School of Nursing Sugiyama Jyogakuen University Nagoya Japan

Pyelonephritis is an inflammation of the kidney tissue, calyces, and renal pelvis. It is commonly caused by bacterial infection that has spread up the urinary tract. Common bacteria are Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. Beta hemolytic streptococci also cause pyelonephritis. Beta hemolytic streptococcus such as Streptococcus agalactiae, and S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, when grown on blood-agar, produce complete hemolysis around each colony, usually cause severe infections including many cases of cellulitis, pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis. However the analysis of pyelonephritis causing beta hemolytic streptococcus has seldom been investigated. In this study, we tried to clarify the relationship between beta hemolytic streptococcus and pyelonephritis patient in Japan. We investigated beta hemolytic streptococcus isolated from pyelonephritis patient at two tertiary care hospitals in the central region of Japan by analyzing the background and antimicrobial susceptibility of beta hemolytic streptococcus. We recovered total sixteen beta hemolytic streptococcus in nine years. In pyelonephritis patients, beta hemolytic streptococcus was isolated from 9 S. agalactiae and 7 S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, respectively. The numbers of streptococci from female patients were more than those from male patients. Bacteria were not isolated from under 30 year patients. All S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis were isolated from 60-year-age patients. About one fifth of beta hemolytic streptococcus had erythromycin and minocycline-resistant ability. Four beta hemolytic streptococci that were all S. agalactiae, had levofloxacin-resistant ability. Only one S. agalactiae had trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant ability. Ampicillin was effective against all beta hemolytic streptococci. In our results, beta hemolytic streptococcus caused pyelonephritis in aged people and the quarter of these bacteria had some antibiotics resistance.

关键词： Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus Pyelonephritis S. agalactiae S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis Antimicrobial Susceptibility