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A review of the methods used for subjective evaluation of De Qi

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2018年第2期38卷 309-314页

作者： Yuan Hongwen Wang Pei Hu Nijuan Zhang Peng Li Chunhua Liu Yuqi Ma Liangxiao Zhu Jiang School of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Capital Medical University Beijing 100069 China Luhe Hospital of Beijing affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing 101149 China Department of Chinese Medicine Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing100730 China Department of Acupuncture and Physical Therapy Beijing Electric Power Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100073 China Institute of Basic Clinical Medicine China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing 100700 China

De Qi refers to a series of sensations experienced when acupuncture is performed at acupoints. De Qi comprises needling sensations felt by the patient, and the sensations perceived by the acupuncturist. Classical Traditional Chinese Medicine theory states that De Qi is closely related to curative *** modern studies, the main index that researchers have used to evaluate De Qi was the needling sensation reported by the patient. Between 1 st Aug and 31 st Oct 2014, we conducted an electronic database search of all fields in Chinese and English to select literature assessing acupuncture needle sensations. We then reviewed the methods used within these studies to evaluate De Qi. The methods included simple evaluation, and the use of a De Qi scale/questionnaire. The simple evaluation, a qualitative evaluation, was judged by typical sensations felt by the patient after needling at acupoints, such as soreness, numbness, fullness, and *** method was easy and practicable, and had been adopted widely by Chinese researchers. In contrast, the De Qi scale/questionnaire, a quantitative evaluation, had multiple compiling methods available for evaluating the intensity of De Qi. The standardization and objectification of the De Qi scale/questionnaire effectively improved the quality of studies on De Qi, thereby these scales/questionnaires have been acknowledged and applied by most researchers. The present review analyzed and compared the scales/questionnaires used to evaluate De Qi; furthermore, we provided suggestions for the development and improvement of these questionnaires through integration with classical De Qi theory.

关键词： arrival of Qi surveys and questionnaires needling sensation scale subjective evaluation review

Research of the Correlation of Vehicle Handling subjective evaluation and K＆C Characteristics

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Research of the Correlation of Vehicle Handling Subjective E...

On-center Steering Characteristics Optimal Design Based on subjective evaluation

FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress--Volume 10：Chassis Systems and Integration Technology

作者： ing Yang Yinghao Li Zhi Yue Chaobin Wang Mengchun Chen Jianxian Chen Gan Chen Jie Bai Dongfeng Motor Corporation Technical Center

Research Objective Vehicle ride and handling,which is important to the overall vehicle safety,is one of the performances that the customers are most concerned ***,the vehicle handling development,highly relied on subjective evaluation,is indispensable during the vehicle development *** K＆C（Kinematics and Compliance） characteristics,which have direct influence on vehicle handling performance,are the key technique targets during vehicle design and validation ***,due to the lack of reliable link between subjective assessments and K＆C objective measurements,lots of chassis tuning work still need to be done in order to accomplish the vehicle handling development targets,even though advanced design and CAE tools have already widely used in chassis *** this paper,a methodology of analyzing the correlation between subjective evaluation and K＆C measurements is further studied in order to reduce the developing time and *** In this paper,six popular cars in Chinese market were chosen for subjective assessments by expert six drivers and K＆C objective tests by test *** the subjective assessment,some parameters of the vehicle were *** the K＆C test rig,the vehicles were measured in different load cases such as vertical test,roll test,side force test,brake force *** then a statistical methodology of multiple regressions was applied to analyze the correlation between K＆C measurement results and subjective *** to the multiple regression analysis,the correlations of K＆C characteristics and subjective evaluation can be defined by coefficient,and the regression equation can be used to predict the subjective evaluation results of the *** With this methodology,vehicle handling performance is more predictable and the relationships between subjective handling and K＆C characteristics are more *** of this study The mainly limitation of this study is the accuracy of t

关键词： subjective evaluation K&C characteristics Correlation Regression analysis

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On-center Steering Characteristics Optimal Design Based on S...

Research on cognitive load evaluation with subjective method in manual assembly

2013中国汽车工程学会年会

作者： Minghao Li Hui Chen Jianmin Dang Liming Lou Shirou Nakano School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center

＜正＞On-center driving condition directly influences the driver’s driving *** order to find the optimal steering characteristic for this driving condition,firstly 10 different steering characteristics are realized through a steer-by-wire system. Secondly a subjective evaluation test is carried out to evaluate all the steering characteristics,and multiple regression analysis is employed to establish the correlations between design parameters and subjective evaluation *** nonlinear programming is used to derive the optimal steering *** little modification,the proposed method can be used to guide the development of traditional steering systems and the steering system of any design target.

关键词： subjective evaluation On-center driving condition Steer-by-wire Multiple regression analysis Nonlinear programming

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High Technology Letters 2023年第4期29卷 434-444页

作者：任彬 ZHOU Qinyu LI Qibing LUO Wenfa Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics School of Mechatronic Engineering and AutomationShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444P.R.China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Technology Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology&EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201P.R.China SAIC Motor R&D Innovation Headquarters SAIC Motor Corporation LimitedShanghai 201804P.R.China

subjective scales have different kinds of applicability in diverse *** study intends to implement a quantitative approach to determine the applicability of subjective scales in manual as-sembly work and evaluate the cognitive load of assembly workers.A multi-scale research paradigm based on subjective evaluation method is *** typical task stages are extracted from the process of assembly *** National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index(NASA-TLX)scale,PAAS scale and Workload Profile Index Ratings(WP)scale are selected for the design of 3×3 multi-factor mixed *** power spectrum density(PSD)characteris-tics of electroencephalogram(EEG)are utilized to identify the difficulty levels of the three task *** relevant indicators of scale applicability are *** results show that in terms of sensitivity,NASA-TLX scale reaches the highest sensitivity(F=999.137,P=0subjective evaluation questionnaire for assembly workers,which is also an effective quantitative evaluation method for the cognitive load of assembly workers.

关键词： assembly worker electroencephalogram(EEG) analytic hierarchy process(AHP) National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index(NASA-TLX)scale subjective evaluation scale applicability

Research on emotional space for movie and TV drama videos

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2022年第5期29卷 73-82页

作者： Li Yujie Zhang Jingjing Jiang Wei Wang Chunxiao Key Laboratory of Acoustic Visual Technology and Intelligent Control System Communication University of ChinaBeijing 100024China Beijing Key Laboratory of Modern Entertainment Technology Communication University of ChinaBeijing 100024China School of Information and Communication Engineering Communication University of ChinaBeijing 100024China School of Computer and Cyber Sciences Communication University of ChinaBeijing 100024China

Emotional space refers to a multi-dimensional emotional model that describes a group of subjective feelings or emotions. Since the existing discrete emotional space is mainly aimed at human’s primary emotions, it cannot describe the complex emotions evoked when watching movies. In order to solve this problem, an emotional fusion space for videos was constructed by selecting movies and TV dramas with rich emotional semantics as the research objects. Firstly, emotional words based on movie and TV drama videos are acquired and analyzed by using subjective evaluation and semantic analysis methods. Then, the emotional word vectors obtained from the above analysis are fused, reduced dimension by t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding(t-SNE) algorithm, and clustered by bisecting K-means clustering algorithm to get a discrete emotional space for movie and TV drama videos. This emotional fusion space can obtain different categories by changing the value of the emotion classification number without re-labeling and calculation.

关键词： emotional space movie and TV drama videos subjective evaluation words semantic analysis fusion space

Which is better for presenting your data： table or graph？

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Journal of Zhejiang University Science 2004年第9期5卷 1165-1168页

作者：张莉傅小兰 InstituteofPsychology ChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100101China

This study aimed at investigating the characteristics of table and graph that people perceive and the data types which people consider the two displays are most appropriate for. Participants in this survey were 195 teachers and undergraduates from four universities in Beijing. The results showed people's different attitudes towards the two forms of display.

关键词： Table Graph Data types subjective evaluation

Objective Quantification of Small Motor Sound Quality Based on Psychoacoustic Metrics

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2022年第2期31卷 208-223页

作者： Tao Huang Zhi’en Liu Binyu Zhang Jinyan Bi Lipin Xie Auto-motive Engineering Institute Guangzhou Automobile Group(GAC)Guangzhou 511434China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China.

With the widespread application of electrification and intelligence of automobiles,the number of electric devices with small DC motors in automobiles has gradually increased,and the in-terior of electric vehicles is *** sound quality(SQ)of small motor directly affects the pas-senger ***,the research on the SQ of small motor is of great *** this paper,the objective quantification of small motor sound quality was investigated based on tradi-tional psychoacoustic *** time-frequency characteristics of sound signal was analyzed to quantify the subjective perception caused by the sound of small *** a new psychoacoustic metrics of objective evaluation which were suitable for small motor SQ evaluation were proposed,namely specific loudness energy(SLE),specific prominence ratio index(SPRI),relative pitch exceedance(RPE)and tremolo index(TI).Then,two objective evaluation models of small motor SQ were established to characterize the multi-dimensional subjective perception attributes by using multiple linear regression(MLR)and support vector regression(SVR)respectively,which can be used for the prediction and evaluation of the small motor *** results show that the prediction accuracy of the model established by SVR method was higher than that of MLR,and SVR has stronger *** objective evaluation model of small motors SQ established in this study is of great importance for improving the sound quality of small motors.

关键词： motor sound quality subjective evaluation psychoacoustic metrics support vector re-gression(SVR)

Effect of Rating Scales and Test Parts of Body on the evaluation Results of Fabric-evoked Prickle

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2006年第3期23卷 102-105页

作者：王革辉 RON Postle 张渭源 College of Fashion Donghua University Shanghai 200051 School of Materials Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

The effect of rating scales and test parts of body on the fabric-evoked prickle evaluation results are studied by carrying out subjective evaluation tests under controlled environment conditions （24 4±1）℃, （65 =l= 5） %RH. Ten college female students aged about 20 were chosen as the subjects, who have participated a preliminary training on subjective prickle evaluation. The prickle of a range of 9 light-weight worsted woven wool and wool blend fabrics and a cotton fabric were tested by using a 1 - 5 rating scale and using a 0 - 10 rating scale respectively at different test parts of body respectively such as forearm, upper arm ball and neck back. The test results were statistically analyzed. It is found that there is a significant correlation coefficient between the evaluation results of using the 1 - 5 rating scale and of using the 0- 10 rating scale. It is also found that there are highly significant correlation coefficients between the evaluation results of using the forearm prickle test and the neck back prickle test, between the evaluation results of using the neck back prickle test and the upper arm ball prickle test, and between the evaluation results of using the forearm prickle test and the upper arm ball prickle test. It is suggested that the forearm prickle test is preferable in evaluating fabric-evoked prickle for its convenience and sensitivity.

关键词： subjective evaluation fabric-evoked prickle rating scale forearm test.

Comparison of Color and Grayscale Simulated TV-Graphics in Rendezvous and Docking

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2015年第1期20卷 68-75页

作者：赵再骞晁建刚张炎王金坤胡弘 National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering China Astronaut Research and Training Center

subjective evaluation is one of the most important methods of assessing the fidelity of a virtual dynamic scene,whose results could be seen as a reference to improve a rendering *** the present study,we apply a rendering method to the color rendezvous and docking(RVD) scene,where one shadow algorithm and three tone mapping operator algorithms are used to process the scene based on the distance between two *** grayscale RVD scene is transformed from the color RVD scene,and each RVD scene is desired to make comparisons with the real RVD-video recorded in SZ-10 *** addition,we perform an evaluation on 36 subjects to compare the *** results show that shadow effects have important roles in RVD virtual scenes,where they enhance the sense of realism and ***,high brightness,contrast and luminance are highly correlated with the overall preference,and the grayscale scene receives better evaluations than the color *** analysis of these conclusions is vital for improving the algorithms used to render color virtual space scenes when virtual scenes for astronaut training in Chinese space station mission are prepared.

关键词： high dynamic range(HDR) rendezvous and docking(RVD) shadow rendering subjective evaluation virtual space scene