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Preclinical in vivo research of magnesium-based implants for fracture treatment: A systematic review of animal model selection and study design

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第2期9卷 351-361页

作者： Yu Sun Heike Helmholz Regine Willumeit-Römera Division of Metallic Biomaterials Institute of Materials ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht21502 GeesthachtGermany Department of Orthopedics First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China

Background:Degradable magnesium implants are promising for clinical fracture treatment,providing less stress-shielding mechanical support and superior bone-strengthening benefits to traditional *** quality of preclinical research is essential for developing Mg implants;however,there are considerable variations in the model selection and study design in published studies,posing challenges for safe and effective clinical translation of lab ***:The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the current progress on in vivo research of Mg implants for fracture treatment,focusing on model selection,Mg materials,implant design,methodological and analyzing techniques,aiming to provide comprehensive guidance for future preclinical *** and methods:Pub Med and Embase online databases were searched to identify researches investigating Mg implants in animal models of fracture from 1960 to December 2019,using a combination of keywords:magnesium and *** studies were included without language *** extraction was conducted for qualitative ***-analysis was not performed due to extensive heterogeneities among ***:Twenty studies published from 2014 to 2019 were *** information,animal model,methodological quality,implants preparation,and evaluation techniques were *** methodological assessment revealed low to high risk of bias among *** rodent and non-rodent species were selected,and the anatomical sites for inducing fractures included both cranial-facial and limb *** Mg and alloys with or without surface modification were evaluated,covering implant designs of both intra-medullary and extra-medullary *** and histological evaluations were commonly ***:Published in vivo evidence confirmed the role of Mg-based implants in promoting fracture ***,considering heterogeneity in animal selection,implant prep

关键词： Magnesium Implant Fracture Animal model study design Biomaterial

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Ambient air pollution and lung disease in China： health effects, study design approaches and future research

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Frontiers of Medicine 2015年第3期9卷 392-400页

作者： Jeffrey H. Mandel Christine Wendt Charles Lo Guangbiao Zhou Marshall Hertz Gurumurthy Ramachandran University of Minnesota School of Public Health Minneapolis MN 55455 USA University of Minnesota Medical School Veteran 's Administration Hospital Minneapolis MN 55455 USA University of Minnesota Mechanical Engineering Department Minneapolis MN 55455 USA State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beij ing 100101 China University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

Ambient air pollution in China has worsened following dramatic increases in industrialization, automobile use and energy consumption. Particularly bothersome is the increase in the PM2.5 fraction of pollutants. This fraction has been associated with increasing rates of cardio-respiratory disease in China and elsewhere. Ambient pollutant levels have been described in many of China＇s cities and are comparable to previous levels in southern California. Lung cancer mortality in China has increased since the 1970s and has been higher in men and in urban areas, the exact explanation for which has not been determined. The estimation of individual risk for Chinese citizens living in areas of air pollution will require further research. Occupational cohort and casecontrol designs each have unique attributes that could make them helpful to use in this setting. Other important future research considerations include detailed exposure assessment and the possible use of biomarkers as a means to better understand and manage the threat posed by air pollution in China.

关键词： air pollution PM2.5 lung disease study design epidemiology

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study design of deep learning based automatic detection of cerebrovascular diseases on medical imaging: a position paper from Chinese Association of Radiologists

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Intelligent Medicine 2022年第4期2卷 221-229页

作者： Longjiang Zhang Zhao Shi Min Chen Yingmin Chen Jingliang Cheng Li Fan Nan Hong Wenxiao Jia Guihua Jiang Shenghong Ju Xiaogang Li Xiuli Li Changhong Liang Weihua Liao Shiyuan Liu Zaiming Lu Lin Ma Ke Ren Pengfei Rong Bin Song Gang Sun Rongpin Wang Zhibo Wen Haibo Xu Kai Xu Fuhua Yan Yizhou Yu Yunfei Zha Fandong Zhang Minwen Zheng Zhen Zhou Wenzhen Zhu Guangming Lu Zhengyu Jin on behalf of Chinese Association of Radiologists Department of Radiology Affiliated Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210002China Department of Radiology Beijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyBeijing 100005China Department of Radiology Hebei General HospitalShijiazhuangHebei 050199China Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450052China Department of Medical Imaging and Nuclear Medicine Changzheng Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200072China Department of Radiology Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China Imaging Center First AffiliatedHospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830054China Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouGuangdong 510050China Department of Radiology Zhongda HospitalSchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211189China Department of Radiology General Hospital of Northern Theater CommandShenyangLiaoning 110011China DeepWise AI lab.Beijing 100089 China Department of Radiology Guangdong Provincial People’s HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 519041China Department of Radiology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China Department of Radiology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110001China Department of Radiology Chinese PLA(People’s Liberation Army)General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Radiology Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenFujian 361005China Department of Radiology Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410013China Department of Radiology Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610044China Department of Nuclear Medicine 960 Hospital of PLAJi’nanShandong 250012China Department of Radiology Guizhou Provincial People’s Hosp

In recent years,with the development of artificial intelligence,especially deep learning technology,researches on automatic detection of cerebrovascular diseases on medical images have made tremendous progress and these models are gradually entering into clinical ***,because of the complexity and flexibility of the deep learning algorithms,these researches have great variability on model building,validation process,performance description and results *** lack of a reliable,consistent,standardized design protocol has,to a certain extent,affected the progress of clinical translation and technology development of computer aided detection *** reviewing a large number of literatures and extensive discussion with domestic experts,this position paper put forward recommendations of standardized design on the key steps of deep learning-based automatic image detection models for cerebrovascular *** further research and application expansion,this position paper would continue to be updated and gradually extended to evaluate the generalizability and clinical application efficacy of such tools.

关键词： Cerebrovascular diseases Deep learning study design Medical imaging

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A guide to human microbiome research: study design, sample collection, and bioinformatics analysis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第15期133卷 1844-1855页

作者： Xu-Bo Qian Tong Chen Yi-Ping Xu Lei Chen Fu-Xiang Sun Mei-Ping Lu Yong-Xin Liu Department of Rheumatology Immunology&Allergy Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China Department of Vascular Surgery Fu Xing HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100045China EHBI0 Gene Technology(Beijing)Co. LtdBeijing 100009China Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The purpose of this review is to provide medical researchers,especially those without a bioinformatics background,with an easy-to-understand summary of the concepts and technologies used in microbiome ***,we define primary concepts such as microbiota,microbiome,and ***,we discuss study design schemes,the methods of sample size calculation,and the methods for improving the reliability of *** emphasize the importance of negative and positive controls in this ***,we discuss statistical analysis methods used in microbiome research,focusing on problems with multiple comparisons and ways to compare β-diversity between ***,we provide step-by-step pipelines for bioinformatics *** summary,the meticulous study design is a key step to obtaining meaningful results,and appropriate statistical methods are important for accurate interpretation of microbiome *** step-by-step pipelines provide researchers with insights into newly developed bioinformatics analysis methods.

关键词： Microbiome Microbiota study design Statistical analysis Sample size Bioinformatics analysis Pipeline

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Comment on “Outcomes of different minimally invasive surgical treatments for vertebral compression fractures: An observational study”

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第12期10卷 3966-3968页

作者： Long Ma Zhi-Wen Luo Ya-Ying Sun Department of Orthopedics The First People's Hospital of Pindingshan CityPingdingshan 467000Henan ProvinceChina Department of Sports Medicine Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Recently we read the article entitled“Outcomes of different minimally invasive surgical treatments for vertebral compression fractures:An observational study”.This was an observational study that reviewed the safety and efficacy of different cement augmentation modalities for vertebral compression fractures under osteoporotic ***,this is a valuable study that can provide a reference for clinical *** the other hand,we also noticed some points in the article and are willing to share our *** studies with a higher level of evidence can add more knowledge regarding relevant concerns.

关键词： Vertebral compression fractures Osteoporosis study design Observational study Randomize

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How to use the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)data:research design and methodology

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Military Medical Research 2024年第5期11卷 686-696页

作者： Wen-Qiang Che Yuan-Jie Li Chi-Kwan Tsang Yu-Jiao Wang Zheng Chen Xiang-Yu Wang An-Ding Xu Jun Lyu Department of Neurosurgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China Department of Clinical Research the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China Planning&Discipline Construction Office the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China Clinical Neuroscience Institute the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China Department of Pathology Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalTaiyuan030012China Department of Urology the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization Guangzhou510632China

In the United States(US),the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)program is the only comprehensive source of population-based information that includes stage of cancer at the time of diagnosis and patient survival *** program aims to provide a database about cancer incidence and survival for studies of surveillance and the development of analytical and methodological tools in the cancer ***,the SEER program covers approximately half of the total cancer patients in the US.A growing number of clinical studies have applied the SEER database in various ***,the intrinsic features of the SEER database,such as the huge data volume and complexity of data types,have hindered its *** this review,we provided a systematic overview of the commonly used methodologies and study designs for retrospective epidemiological research in order to illustrate the application of the SEER ***,the goal of this review is to assist researchers in the selection of appropriate methods and study designs for enhancing the robustness and reliability of clinical studies by mining the SEER database.

关键词： Surveillance Epidemiology and End results(SEER) Big data Epidemiology Methodologies study design

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Experimental models of endocrine responsive breast cancer: strengths, limitations, and use

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第4期4卷 762-783页

作者： Robert Clarke Brandon C.Jones Catherine M.Sevigny Leena A.Hilakivi-Clarke Surojeet Sengupta The Hormel Institute and Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and BiophysicsUniversity of MinnesotaAustinMN 55912USA Department of Oncology Georgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDC 20057USA The Jackson Laboratory 600 Main StreetBar HarborME 04609USA

Breast cancers characterized by expression of estrogen receptor-alpha(ER;ESR1)represent approximately 70%of all new cases and comprise the largest molecular subtype of this *** this high prevalence,the number of adequate experimental models of ER+breast cancer is relatively ***,these models have proved very useful in advancing understanding of how cells respond to and resist endocrine therapies,and how the ER acts as a transcription factor to regulate cell fate *** discuss the primary experimental models of ER+breast cancer including 2D and 3D cultures of established cell lines,cell line-and patient-derived xenografts,and chemically induced rodent models,with a consideration of their respective general strengths and *** can and cannot be learned easily from these models is also discussed,and some observations on how these models may be used more effectively are ***,despite their limitations,the panel of models currently available has enabled major advances in the field,and these models remain central to the ability to study mechanisms of therapy action and resistance and for hypothesis testing that would otherwise be intractable or unethical in human subjects.

关键词： Breast cancer experimental models PDX xenografts study design

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Chowing down:diet considerations in rodent models of metabolic disease

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Life Metabolism 2023年第3期2卷 10-18页

作者： Kevin C.Klatt Kevin Bass John R.Speakman Kevin D.Hall Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720United States Garrison Institute of Aging Texas Tech University Health Science CenterLubbockTX 79430United States Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892United States

Diet plays a substantial role in the etiology, progression, and treatment of chronic disease and is best considered as a multifacetedset of modifiable input variables with pleiotropic effects on a variety of biological pathways spanning multiple organ systems. Thisbrief review discusses key issues related to the design and conduct of diet interventions in rodent models of metabolic disease andtheir implications for interpreting experiments. We also make specific recommendations to improve rodent diet studies to help betterunderstand the role of diet on metabolic physiology and thereby improve our understanding of metabolic disease.

关键词： diet composition nutrition chow study design recommendations

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New generation of breast cancer clinical trials implementing molecular profiling

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第2期13卷 226-235页

作者： Dimitrios Zardavas Martine Piccart-Gebhart Breast International Group(BIG) Brussels 100Belgium Medicine Department Institue Jules BordetUniversite Libre de BruxellesBrussels 100Belgium

The implementation of molecular profiling technologies in oncology deepens our knowledge for the molecular landscapes of cancer diagnoses, identifying aberrations that could be linked with specific therapeutic vulnerabilities. In particular, there is an increasing list of molecularly targeted anticancer agents undergoing clinical development that aim to block specific molecular aberrations. This leads to a paradigm shift, with an increasing list of specific aberrations dictating the treatment of patients with cancer. This paradigm shift impacts the field of clinical trials, since the classical approach of having clinico-pathological disease characteristics dictating the patients' enrolment in oncology trials shifts towards the implementation of molecular profiling as prescreening step. In order to facilitate the successful clinical development of these new anticancer drugs within specific molecular niches of cancer diagnoses, there have been developed new, innovative trial designs that could be classified as follows: i)longitudinal cohort studies that implement(or not) "nested" downstream trials, 2) studies that assess the clinical utility of molecular profiling, 3) "master" protocol trials, iv) "basket" trials, v) trials following an adaptive design. In the present article, we review these innovative study designs, providing representative examples from each category and we discuss the challenges that still need to be addressed in this era of new generation oncology trials implementing molecular profiling. Emphasis is put on the field of breast cancer clinical trials.

关键词： Clinical trial molecular profiling breast cancer study design

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A central analgesic mechanism of acupuncture for migraine An ongoing functional MRI study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第28期8卷 2649-2655页

作者： Lei Lan Yujie Gao Fang Zeng Wei Qin Mingkai Dong Mailan Liu Taipin Guo Fanrong Liang School of Acupuncture and Tuina Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ningxia Medical University Life Science Research Center School of Life Sciences and TechnologyXidian University

Shaoyang acupoints are the most frequently used in migraine treatment. However, the central anal- gesic mechanism remains poorly understood. Studies have demonstrated that single stimulus of the verum acupuncture in healthy subjects can induce significant connectivity or activity changes in pain- related central networks compared with sham acupuncture. However, these findings are not indicative of the central analgesic mechanism of acupuncture at Shaoyang acupoints. Thus, we recruited 100 migraine sufferers and randomly assigned them into five groups： Shaoyang uncommon acupoint, Shaoyang common acupoint, Yangming uncommon acupoint, non-acupoint control, and blank control groups. Subjects were subjected to evaluation of curative effects and functional MRI prior to and after 10 and 20 acupuncture treatments. All subjects were diagnosed by physicians and enrolled following clinical physical examination. Subjects were observed during 1-4 weeks after inclusion. At the fifth week, the first clinical evaluation and resting functional MRI were conducted. The Shaoyang uncom- mon acupoint, Shaoyang common acupoint, Yangming uncommon acupoint, and non-acupoint control grousp then were treated with acupuncture, five times per week, 20 times in total over 4 weeks. The second and third clinical evaluations and resting functional MRI screenings were conducted following 10 and 20 acupuncture treatments. The blank control group was observed during the 5 to 8 week pe- riod, followed by clinical evaluation and resting functional MRI. The aim of this study was to examine changes in brain functional activity and central networks in subjects with migraine undergoing acu- puncture at Shaoyang uncommon acupoints. This study provides a further explanation of the central analgesic mechanism by which acupuncture at Shaoyang acupoints treats migraine,

关键词： neural regeneration acupuncture and moxibustion migraine acupuncture analgesia central re-sponse functional MRI sessions of acupuncture continuous central activity study design grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

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