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Characteristics and Possible Formation Mechanisms of Severe Storms in the Outer Rainbands of typhoon Mujigae(1522)

Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第3期31卷 612-624页

作者： Bingyun WANG Ming WEI Wei HUA Yongli ZHANG Xiaohang WEN Jiafeng ZHENG Nan LI Han LI Yu WU Jie ZHU Mingjun ZHANG Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology College of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information Technology/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Hainan Meteorological Observatory National Satellite Meteorological Center

To better understand how severe storms form and evolve in the outer rainbands of typhoons, in this study, we in- vestigate the evolutionary characteristics and possible formation mechanisms for severe storms in the rainbands of typhoon Mujigae, which occurred during 2-5 October 2015, based on the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, conventional observations, and Doppler radar data. For the rainbands far from the inner core （eye and eyewall） of Mujigae （dis- tance of approximately 70-800 kin）, wind speed first increased with the radius expanding from the inner core, and then decreased as the radius continued to expand. The Rankine Vortex Model was used to explore such variations in wind speed. The areas of strong stormy rainbands were mainly located in the northeast quadrant of Mujigae, and overlapped with the areas of high winds within approximately 300-550 km away from the inner core, where the strong winds were conducive to the development of strong storms. A severe convective cell in the rainbands de- veloped into waterspout at approximately 500 km to the northeast of the inner core, when Mujigae was strengthening before it made landfall. Two severe convective cells in the rainbands developed into two tornadoes at approximately 350 km to the northeast of the inner core after Mujigae made landfall. The radar echo bands enhanced to 60 dBZ when mesocyclones occurred in the rainbands and induced tornadoes. The radar echoes gradually weakened after the mesocyclones weakened. The tops of parent clouds of the mesocyclones elevated at first, and then suddenly dropped about 20 min before the tornadoes appeared. Thereby, the cloud top variation has the potential to be used as an early warning of tornado occurrence.

关键词： strong typhoon rainband severe storm tomado Rankine Vortex Model

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