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Flexible Monitoring,Diagnosis,and Therapy by Microneedles with Versatile Materials and Devices toward Multifunction Scope

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Research 2023年第4期2023卷 793-820页

作者： Shuo Wang Mengmeng Zhao Yibo Yan Peng Li Wei Huang Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics(FSCFE) Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials&EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina

Microneedles(MNs)have drawn rising attention owing to their merits of convenience,noninvasiveness,flexible applicability,painless microchannels with boosted metabolism,and precisely tailored multifunction control.MNs can be modified to serve as novel transdermal drug delivery,which conventionally confront with the penetration barrier caused by skin stratum corneum.The micrometer-sized needles create channels through stratum corneum,enabling efficient drug delivery to the dermis for gratifying efficacy.Then,incorporating photosensitizer or photothermal agents into MNs can conduct photodynamic or photothermal therapy,respectively.Besides,health monitoring and medical detection by MN sensors can extract information from skin interstitial fluid and other biochemical/electronic signals.Here,this review discloses a novel monitoring,diagnostic,and therapeutic pattern by MNs,with elaborate discussion about the classified formation of MNs together with various applications and inherent mechanism.Hereby,multifunction development and outlook from biomedical/nanotechnology/photoelectric/devices/informatics to multidisciplinary applications are provided.Programmable intelligent MNs enable logic encoding of diverse monitoring and treatment pathways to extract signals,optimize the therapy efficacy,real-time monitoring,remote control,and drug screening,and take instant treatment.

关键词： stratum sized enable

Strata movement and stress evolution when mining two overlapping panels affected by hard stratum

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第5期29卷 691-699页

作者： Jianguo Zhang Wei Yang Baiquan Lin Jinjing Zhang Man Wang State Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Exploitation and Comprehensive Utilization China Pingmei Shenma GroupPingdingshan 467000China Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines(China University of Mining and Technology) Ministry of EducationXuzhou 221116China China Pingmei Shenma Group Pingdingshan 467000China School of Safety Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

Mining causes stress redistribution and stratum movement.In this paper,a numerical model was built according to the geological conditions in the 12th coal mine in Pingdingshan city to study the strata movement and the evolution of stress when mining two overlapping longwall panels,named panels#14 and#15.The strata close to the mined panel move directly towards the gob,while the strata that are farther away swing back and forth during the mining process.The directed movement and swinging can break the transverse boreholes for gas extraction;a surface borehole should not be within the range of directional movement.The stress evolution suggested that the mining of the lower panel#15 after the upper panel#14 would further increase the de-stressed range,while the stress concentration around the mined panel would be increased.Hard strata usually carry a greater stress than adjacent rocks and soft coal seams.The stress in a hard stratum increases greatly,and the stress decreases greatly in the coal seams below the hard stratum.This study supplies a reference for similar coal mines and is useful for determining the de-stressed range and transverse borehole arrangement for gas extraction.

关键词： stratum movement Mining Longwall panel Hard stratum

Dynamic response of a poroelastic stratum to moving oscillating load

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第7期51卷 883-893页

作者： CHEN YuanGuo JIN Bo School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The dynamic response of a poroelastic stratum subjected to moving load is studied. The governing dynamic equations for poroelastic medium are solved by using Fourier transform. The general solutions for the stresses and displacements in the transformed domain are established. Based on the general solutions, with the consideration of boundary conditions, the final expressions of stresses and displacements in physical domain are put forward for the three-dimensional single-layer medium. Some numerical solutions for the stresses, displacements and pore fluid pressure are presented and reveal that the response of a poroelastic stratum varies obviously with the moving velocity.

关键词： poroelastic stratum Biot’s dynamic equation Fourier transform moving oscillating load

Effect on stratum Gradient Frequency Distribution of Landslides in the Three Gorges Area of Northeast Chongqing

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2006年第4期11卷 767-772页

作者： FAN Xiaoyi QIAO Jianping Institute of Mountain Hazard and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 SichuanChina Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The landslide data were calculated in the Three Gorges Area of northeast Chongqing. The results showed that landslide frequency distributions of gradients accorded with the Weibull probability density distribution function. The landslide hazard ratios of gradients were acquired by Weibull accumulation probability distribution function in the different geological units. There was discord between landslide hazard ratio of different geological units and variance of landslide gradient. But they were approximate homology in the strata of Jurassic. The results indicate that the Weibull distribution can quantitatively evaluate the landslide hazard ratios of gradients of the different strata in the Three Gorges Area.

关键词： gradient stratum Weibull distribution landslide

Study on shallow structural features in Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic region

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 2006年第4期19卷 428-437页

作者：潘纪顺顾梦林赵成斌潘素珍 Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake Administration Geophysical Exploration Center China Earthquake Administration

A seismic survey by 10 shallow profiles and 6 ultra-shallow profiles was performed in Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic region in 2002. The result shows that there are three （in some areas as many as seven） stable interfaces in the survey region, but no reflection phases are found in depths greater than 500 m. The number of interfaces in the southwestern part is obviously greater than in the northwestern part of Tianchi volcano, which suggests that the faults in the southwest have a stronger controlling power over the flow direction of volcano-spewed lava as compared with those in the northwest. Six shallow faults exist in the survey region. The shallow faults are nearly vertical graben-like faults and are mostly distributed on the southwest of Tianchi crater, indicating that volcanic activities in the southwest are stronger than in the northwest. On this ground, it could be further deduced that the NE-trending major fault of Tianchi volcano （ the Liudaogou-Tianchi-Zengfengshan fault） is more active than the NW-trending Baishanzhen-Tianchi-Jince fault.

关键词： Tianchi volcano seismic survey shallow structure stratum fault

Breaking mechanism and control technology of sandstone straight roof in thin bedrock stope

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第2期30卷 259-263页

作者： Hualei Zhang Min Tu Hua Cheng Yongzhi Tang Key Laboratory of Safety and High-Efficiency Coal Mining Ministry of Education Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230039China Huainan Mining Group Huainan 232001China

The key problem to be solved urgently is how to avoid the occurrence of support break-off and water inrush in the stoping of sandstone straight roof under the action of load transfer in unconsolidated aquifer.For this reason,taking the thin bedrock 1602(3)working face of Huainan(the middle part of Anhui Province)Panyi Coal Mine as the engineering background,this study establishes the stope mining model by using the discrete element UDEC software and the mathematics mechanical model of the support load,and analyzes the reason of support crushing and decides to re-mining the working face by using the compulsive roof caving method.It is concluded that when the working face of sandstone straight roof is broken,the"voussoir beam"structure cannot be formed and acts on the support in the form of cantilever beam,but only when it falls to the high key stratum can the"voussoir beam"structure be formed and at this point,at this time,the bracket bears the weight of the rock layer in the range from the fractured sandstone layer to the lower critical layer.The working resistance of the support increases with the increase of the thickness and the breaking length of straight sandstone roof.When the breaking length of the roof reaches a certain extreme value,the support crushing accidents will occur.Managing roof with compulsive roof caving method can reduce the intensity of rock pressure in the stope,and the working face can be safely stoped,which provides a certain reference for similar conditions.

关键词： Thin bedrock Key stratum Compulsive roof caving

Surface modification of stratum corneum for drug delivery and skin care by microplasma discharge treatment

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第6期21卷 1-8页

作者： J KRISTOF T AOSHIMA M BLAJAN K SHIMIZU Graduate School of Science and Technology Shizuoka University 432-8561 Hamamatsu Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shizuoka University 432-8561 Hamamatsu Japan Organization for Innovation and Social Collaboration Shizuoka University 432-8561 Hamamatsu Japan

Human skin is the largest organ and also the main barrier that prevents foreign substances from entering the body.The surface properties of the skin are relevant for transdermal drug delivery and cosmetics.Yucatan micropig skin is used as a substitute for human skin.A microplasma electrode is used for surface modification of the skin epidermal layer of the Yucatan micropig.Microplasma dielectric barrier discharge has a thin dielectric as a barrier (~50 μm) and a frequency of 25 kHz.The surface properties of the epidermal layer were characterized by the measurement of the contact angle of the water droplet.The effects of different gases such as air,nitrogen,oxygen,helium or argon were compared.The change of the contact angle is temporal and it is returned to its initial state after several hours.Among the gases used for plasma ignition,oxygen and argon were the most effective for skin treatment.The distance of the skin from the electrode and the treatment time played a crucial roles in the increasing water contact angle.Changes of surface atomic concentration were determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.After microplasma treatment,the oxygen and nitrogen concentration increased at the skin surface.

关键词： microplasma contact angle skin stratum corneum XPS

Convergence History of the Songliao and Jiamusi Blocks in the Eastern End of Central Asian Orogenic Belt: Evidence from Detrital Zircons of Late Paleozoic Sedimentary Rocks

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第5期93卷 1417-1433页

作者： CHEN Zhaoxu LIU Yongjiang GUAN Qingbin College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130061China Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques MOEInstitute for Advanced Ocean StudyCollege of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdaoShandong 266100China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266237China

Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB) is one of the largest accretionary orogenic belts in the world. The eastern segment of CAOB is dominated by Paleozoic Paleo Asian Ocean tectonic regime, Mesozoic Paleo-Pacific tectonic regime and Mongolian-Okhotsk tectonic regime. The Songliao and Jiamusi blocks are located in the easternmost part of the CAOB and are the key region to solve the problem about overprinting processes of multiple tectonic regimes. It is generally believed that the Mudanjiang Ocean between the two blocks was finally closed in the Mesozoic, but the Paleozoic magmatism also developed along the Mudanjiang suture zone, while on both sides of the suture zone, there were comparable Paleozoic strata, indicating that the two blocks had converged during the Paleozoic, and the evolution history of the two blocks in the Late Paleozoic remains controversial. The Carboniferous-Permian terrestrial strata mainly developed in Binxian, Wuchang and Tieli on Songliao Block, Baoqing and Mishan on Jiamusi Block. Samples from the Songliao and Jiamusi blocks in the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian and Late Permian are collected for comparative analysis. The LAICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results show that the maximum depositional age of Middle Permian Tumenling Formation and Late Permian Hongshan Formation in Songliao Block is ~260 Ma, while that of Tatouhe Formation and Carboniferous strata in Jiamusi Block are ~290 Ma and ~300 Ma, respectively, which supports the previous stratigraphic division scheme. The age peaks of ~290-300 Ma, ~400 Ma, ~500 Ma appeared in the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian strata of Jiamusi Block and the Middle Permian strata of Songliao Block. The age peak of ~500 Ma in the Middle Permian strata of Songliao Block may come from the Cambrian basement, Mashan Complex, of Jiamusi Block, while the age peaks of ~420-440 Ma in the Carboniferous strata of Jiamusi Block may come from the Silurian magmatic arc in Zhangguangcai Range in the eastern margin of Songliao Block, reflects the history that they had

关键词： Detrital zircon Permian stratum Jiamusi Block Songliao Central Asian Orogenic Belt

Geological behavior of wet outflow deposition fly ash

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Journal of Central South University 2008年第S2期15卷 58-62页

作者：周德泉赵明华刘宏利周毅严聪 Geotechnical Institute Hunan University School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Changsha University of Science and Technology Yun-Wu Highway Department Guangdong Provincial Chang-Da Highway Engineering Limited Company

The geological behaviors of wet outflow deposition fly ash were investigated, including the feature of in-situ single and even bridge cone penetration test (CPT) curves, the change of the penetration parameters and vane strength with the increase of depth and the difference of the penetration resistance on and down the water level. Drilling, CPT and vane shear test were carried out in silty clay, fine sand, and fly ash of the ash-dam. The CPT curves of the fly ash do not show a critical depth. The cone resistance (qc) of the fly ash is smaller than that of silty clay or sand; the friction resistance is smaller than that of filling silty clay, similar to that of deposition silty clay or more than that of fine sand; the friction ratio is smaller than that of filling silty clay, or more than that of deposition silty clay or much more than that of fine sand. The specific penetration resistance (ps) is similar to that of filling silty clay, or more than that of deposition silty clay. There is a clear interface effect between the deposition fly ash and the clay. Interface effect of ps-h curve at the groundwater table is clear, and ps of the fly ash reduces significantly under the table. The vane strength of the fly ash increases as the depth increases. The deposition fly ash with wet outflow is similar to silt in the geological behavior.

关键词： geological behavior fly ash stratum cone penetration test(CPT) field vane shear test(FVST)