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Lower stratospheric water vapor Variations Diagnosed from Satellite Observations,Reanalysis Data,and a Chemistry-Climate Model

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2021年第4期35卷 701-715页

作者： Yan XIA Yi HUANG Yongyun HU Jun YANG College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences McGill UniversityMontrealQuebec H3A 0B9、Canada Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

stratospheric water vapor variations,which may play an important role in surface climate,have drawn extensive ***,the variation in stratospheric water vapor is investigated by using data from observations of the Microwave Limb Sounder(MLS)on the Aura satellite,from the ECMWF Interim Reanalysis(ERAI),and simulations by the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model(WACCM).We find that the differences of annual mean stratospheric water vapor among these datasets may be partly caused by the differences in vertical *** budget analysis,we find that the upward transport of water vapor at 100 h Pa is mainly located over the Pacific warm pool region and South America in the equatorial tropics in boreal winter and over the southeast of the South Asian high and south of North America in boreal *** is found that temperature averaged over regions with upward transport is a better indicator of interannual variability of tropical mean stratospheric water vapor than the tropical mean *** seems that the distributions of the seasonal cycle amplitude of lower stratospheric water vapor in the tropics can also be impacted by the vertical *** radiative effects of the interannual changes in water vapor in the lowermost stratosphere are underestimated by approximately 29%in both ERAI and WACCM compared to MLS,although the interannual variations of water vapor in the lowermost stratosphere are dramatically overestimated in ERAI and *** results here indicate that the radiative effect of long-term changes in water vapor in the lowermost stratosphere may be underestimated in both ERAI and WACCM simulations.

关键词： stratospheric water vapor horizontal and vertical transport chemistry-climate model radiative effects interannual variations

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Impact of Increasing stratospheric water vapor on Ozone Depletion and Temperature Change

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第3期26卷 423-437页

作者：田文寿 Martyn P.CHIPPERFIELD 吕达仁 College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science School of Earth and Environment University of LeedsUK Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100029

Using a detailed, fully coupled chemistry climate model （CCM）, the effect of increasing stratospheric H20 on ozone and temperature is investigated. Different CCM time-slice runs have been performed to investigate the chemical and radiative impacts of an assumed 2 ppmv increase in H20. The chemical effects of this H20 increase lead to an overall decrease of the total column ozone （TCO） by ～1% in the tropics and by a maximum of 12% at southern high latitudes. At northern high latitudes, the TCO is increased by only up to 5% due to stronger transport in the Arctic. A 2-ppmv H2O increase in the model＇s radiation scheme causes a cooling of the tropical stratosphere of no more than 2 K, but a cooling of more than 4 K at high latitudes. Consequently, the TCO is increased by about 2%-6%. Increasing stratospheric H2O, therefore, cools the stratosphere both directly and indirectly, except in the polar regions where the temperature responds differently due to feedbacks between ozone and H2O changes. The combined chemical and radiative effects of increasing H2O may give rise to more cooling in the tropics and middle latitudes but less cooling in the polar stratosphere. The combined effects of H2O increases on ozone tend to offset each other, except in the Arctic stratosphere where both the radiative and chemical impacts give rise to increased ozone. The chemical and radiative effects of increasing H2O cause dynamical responses in the stratosphere with an evident hemispheric asymmetry. In terms of ozone recovery, increasing the stratospheric H2O is likely to accelerate the recovery in the northern high latitudes and delay it in the southern high latitudes. The modeled ozone recovery is more significant between 2000 ～2050 than between 2050～2100, driven mainly by the larger relative change in chlorine in the earlier period.

关键词： stratospheric water vapor temperature change, ozone depletion, chemistry-climate model

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A CASE STUDY OF THE UNCORRELATED RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES AND stratospheric water vapor ANOMALIES

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2018年第3期24卷 356-368页

作者： HAN Yuan-yuan TIAN Wen-shou ZHANG Jian-kai HU Ding-zhu WANG Fei-yang SANG Wen-jun Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 China College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Xi'an Polytechnic UniversityXi'an 710048 China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters of China Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 China

Using the measurements from the Halogen Occultation Experiment(HALOE)and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)Interim reanalysis data for the period 1994-2005,we analyzed the relationship between tropical tropopause temperature anomalies and stratospheric water vapor *** is found that tropical tropopause temperature is correlated with stratospheric water vapor,i.e.,an anomalously high(low)tropical tropopause temperature corresponds to anomalously high(low)stratospheric water vapor during the period 1994-2005,except for *** occurrence frequency and strength of deep convective activity during the‘mismatched'months is less and weaker than that during the‘matched'months in ***,the instantaneous intensity of four short periods of deep convective activity,caused by strong surface cyclones and high sea surface temperatures,are greater during the‘mismatched'months than during the‘matched'*** vapor is transported from the lower troposphere to the lower stratosphere through a strong tropical upwelling,leading to an increase in stratospheric water *** the other hand,deep convective activity can lift the tropopause and cool its *** short,the key factor responsible for the poor correlation between tropical tropopause temperature and stratospheric water vapor in1996 is the instantaneous strong deep convective *** addition,an anomalously strong Brewer-Dobson circulation brings more water vapor into the stratosphere during the‘mismatched'months in 1996,and this exacerbates the poor correlation between tropical tropopause temperature and stratospheric water vapor.

关键词： tropical tropopause temperature stratospheric water vapor deep convective activity Brewer-Dobson circulation ENSO

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Seasonal evolution of the effects of the El Nino–Southern Oscillation on lower stratospheric water vapor:Delayed effects in late winter and early spring

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2019年第6期3卷 489-500页

作者： YuJing Liao QuanLiang Chen Xin Zhou School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information Technology and Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province

water vapor in the stratosphere makes a significant contribution to global climate change by altering the radiative energy budget of the Earth’s climate *** many previous studies have shown that the El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)has significant effects on the water vapor content of the stratosphere in terms of the annual or seasonal mean,a comprehensive analysis of the seasonal evolution of these effects is still *** reanalysis data and satellite observations,we carried out a composite analysis of the seasonal evolution of stratospheric water vapor during El Ni?o/La Ni?a peaks in winter and decays in *** ENSO has a distinct hysteresis effect on water vapor in the tropical lower *** El Ni?o/La Ni?a events moisten/dry out the tropical lower stratosphere in both winter and spring,whereas this wetting/dehydration effect is more significant in *** pattern is due to a warmer temperature in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere during the El Ni?o spring phase,which causes more water vapor to enter the stratosphere,and vice versa for La Ni?*** delayed warming/cooling in the lower stratosphere during the El Ni?o/La Ni?a decay in spring leads to the seasonal evolution of ENSO effects on water vapor in the lower stratosphere.

关键词： El Nino-Southern Oscillation stratospheric water vapor seasonal evolution

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Simulation of the Effect of water-vapor Increase on Temperature in the Stratosphere

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第4期28卷 832-842页

作者：毕云陈月娟周任君易明建邓淑梅 School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Institute of Meteorological Sciences

To analyze the mechanism by which water vapor increase leads to cooling in the stratosphere, the effects of water-vapor increases on temperature in the stratosphere were simulated using the two-dimensional, interactive chemical dynamical radiative model （SOCRATES） of NCAR. The results indicate that increases in stratospheric water vapor lead to stratospheric cooling, with the extent of cooling increasing with height, and that cooling in the middle stratosphere is stronger in Arctic regions. Analysis of the radiation process showed that infrared radiative cooling by water vapor is a pivotal factor in middle-lower stratospheric cooling. However, in the upper stratosphere （above 45 km）, infrared radiation is not a factor in cooling; there, cooling is caused by the decreased solar radiative heating rate resulting from ozone decrease due to increased stratospheric water vapor. Dynamical cooling is important in the middle-upper stratosphere, and dynamical feedback to temperature change is more distinct in the Northern Hemisphere middle-high latitudes than in other regions and signiffcantly affects temperature and ozone in winter over Arctic regions. Increasing stratospheric water vapor will strengthen ozone depletion through the chemical process. However, ozone will increase in the middle stratosphere. The change in ozone due to increasing water vapor has an important effect on the stratospheric temperature change.

关键词： stratospheric water vapor temperature numerical simulation SOCRATES model

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