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Fibrogenesis in alcoholic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第25期20卷 8048-8054页

作者： Hideki Fujii Norifumi Kawada Department of Hepatology Graduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsaka 545-8585Japan

Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In developed countries,ALD is a major cause of end-stage liver disease that requires transplantation. The spectrum of ALD includes simple steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma. Alcohol abstinence is the most effective therapy for ALD. However, targeted therapies are urgently needed for patients with severe ALD(i.e., alcoholic hepatitis) or those who do not abstain from alcohol. The lack of studies and the availability of animal models that do not reflect all the features of this disease in humans inhibit the development of new drugs for ALD. In ALD-associated fibrosis, hepatic stellate cells are the principal cell type responsible for extracellular matrix production. Although the mechanisms underlying fibrosis in ALD are largely similar to those observed in other chronic liver diseases, oxidative stress, methionine metabolism abnormalities, hepatocyte apoptosis, and endotoxin lipopolysaccharides that activate Kupffer cells may play unique roles in diseaserelated fibrogenesis. Lipogenesis during the early stag-es of ALD has recently been implicated as a risk factor for the progression of cirrhosis. Other topics include osteopontin, interleukin-1 signaling, and genetic polymorphism. In this review, we discuss the basic pathogenesis of ALD and focus on liver fibrogenesis.

关键词： stellate cell Kupffer cell Steatohepatitis Fibrosi

CYTOLOGICAL STUDIES ON Porphyra——MORPHOLOGY OF THE CHLOROPLAST IN THE Conehocelis PHASE

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1985年第3期30卷 408-411页

作者：曾呈奎孙爱淑 Institute of Oceanologyu Academia Sinica Qingdao Institute of Oceanologyu Academia Sinica Qingdaon the evolution of plants espeeially the algae the morphology of the chloroplasts has undergone a long process of evolution. The algal chloroplasts are of various forms which may be stellate cup-shaped reticulate ribbon-shaped or discoid. They also vary in number per cell from one or a 'few to numerous and in the position in the cells they

In the evolution of plants, espeeially the algae, the morphology of the chloroplasts has undergone a long process of evolution. The algal chloroplasts are of various forms, which may be stellate, cup-shaped, reticulate, ribbon-shaped or discoid. They also vary in number per cell, from one or a ’few to numerous, and in the position in the cells

关键词： Porphyra reticulate stellate ribbon shaped numerous algae algal elongated slender

Liver and Biliary System

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China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine) 2005年第3期22卷 166-170页

*** cirrhosis and fatty liver2005376 The role of ribosomal S6 kinase in thepathogenesis of rat hepatic *** Miaofang(杨妙芳),et *** Gastroenterol,Changzheng Hosp,2nd Milit Med Univ,Shanghai *** J Dig 2005;25(2):98-100.

关键词： cirrhosis 杨妙 ribosomal Pringle stellate hepatoma regula 范瑞芳 inhibit dehydrogenase

Between Scylla and Charybdis:The role of the human immune system in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第44期19卷 7852-7866页

作者： Ulrich Spengler Hans Dieter Nischalke Jacob Nattermann Christian P Strassburg Department of Internal Medicine 1 University of Bonn 53105 Bonn Germany

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)frequently elicits only mild immune responses so that it can often establish chronic *** this case HCV antigens persist and continue to stimulate the immune *** persistence then leads to profound changes in the infected host’s immune responsiveness,and eventually contributes to the pathology of chronic *** topic highlight summarizes changes associated with chronic hepatitis C concerning innate immunity(interferons,natural killer cells),adaptive immune responses(immunoglobulins,T cells,and mechanisms of immune regulation(regulatory T cells).Our overview clarifies that a strong anti-HCV immune response is frequently associated with acute severe tissue *** chronic hepatitis C,however,the effector arms of the immune system either become refractory to activation or take over regulatory *** together these changes in immunity may lead to persistent liver damage and ***,effector arms of the immune system will not only be considered with respect to antiviral defence but also as pivotal mechanisms of inflammation,necrosis and progression to ***,avoiding Scylla-a strong,sustained antiviral immune response with inital tissue damage-takes the infected host to virus-triggered immunopathology,which ultimately leads to cirrhosis and liver cancerthe realm of Charybdis.

关键词： Natural killer cells CD4+T helper cells Regulatory T cells Interferon Hepatitis C Hepatic stellate cells Hepatocytes Immunoglobulin Retinoic acid inducible gene-Ⅰ Toll like receptors

Halofuginone for fibrosis, regeneration and cancer in the gastrointestinal tract

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14778-14786页

作者： Mark Pines Institute of Animal Sciences the Volcani Center Bet Dagan 50250 Israel

Organ fibrosis and architectural remodeling can severely disrupt tissue function,often with fatal *** is the end result of chronic inflammatory reactions induced by a variety of stimuli,and the key cellular mediator of fibrosis comprises the myofibroblasts which,when activated,serve as the primary collagen-producing *** links exist between fibrosis,regeneration and carcinogenesis,and the concept that all organs contain common tissue fibrosis pathways that could be potential therapeutic targets is an attractive *** of the major impact of fibrosis on human health there is an unmet need for safe and effective therapies that directly target *** inhibits tissue fibrosis and regeneration,and thereby affects the development of tumors in various tissues along the gastrointestinal *** high efficacy of halofuginone in reducing the fibrosis that affects tumor growth and tissue regeneration is probably due to its dual role in inhibiting the signaling pathway of transforming growth factorβ,on the one hand,and inhibiting the development of Th17 cells,on the other *** present halofuginone is being evaluated in a clinical trial for other fibrotic indication,and any clinical success in that trial would allow the use of halofuginone,also for all other fibrotic indications,including those of the gastrointestinal tract.

关键词： stellate cell Myofibroblast Transforming growth fa

Liver cirrhosis and fatty liver

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China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine) 2009年第2期26卷 99-102页

2009204 Effect of hemeoxygenase-1 inhibition on immune hepatic fibrosis in rats. SUN Yingjie(孙英杰),et *** Gastroenterol,1st Affili Hosp,Dalian Med Univ,Dalian *** Chin J Digestol,2009;17(6):560-565.

关键词： cirrhosis 孙英杰 stellate Dalian collagen inhibit metastases colorectal fibrous induction

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星状神经节阻滞在治疗内分泌疾病的研究进展

临床麻醉学杂志 2015年第1期31卷 96-98页

作者：郎海丽徐国海南昌大学第二附属医院麻醉科 330006

自1920年jonneso首次描述lawen用星状神经节阻滞（stellate ganglion block,SGB）治疗疾病以来,随着对星状神经节的解剖结构深入研究,其治疗范畴越来越广,如疼痛综合症,带状疱疹后神经痛,患肢痛等,SGB可用于这类疾病的诊断、治疗和预后... 详细信息

自1920年jonneso首次描述lawen用星状神经节阻滞（stellate ganglion block,SGB）治疗疾病以来,随着对星状神经节的解剖结构深入研究,其治疗范畴越来越广,如疼痛综合症,带状疱疹后神经痛,患肢痛等,SGB可用于这类疾病的诊断、治疗和预后,此外SGB有更广泛的适应证,并且用于许多免疫系统和内分泌系统性疾病。本研究将对SGB治疗内分泌疾病进行总结。

关键词：内分泌系统星状神经节阻滞 stellate 糖尿病大鼠胰岛素分泌心肌细胞凋亡颈部交感神经节颈交感神经节 prostaglandin 喉返神经阻滞

Wnt与核转录因子-κB信号通路交互串话及其调控肝星状细胞活化与凋亡的研究进展

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广东医学 2014年第22期35卷 3571-3574页

作者：樊尔艳贺松其文彬贾文燕孙海涛南方医科大学中医药学院在读硕士研究生广州510515 中国人民解放军第四五八医院中医科广州510602

Wnt与核转录因子-κB（nuclear transcription factor-κappaB,NF-κB）信号通路分别调控多种功能基因的转录,参与许多重要的生理和病理过程,许多研究表明Wnt与NF-κB信号通路间存在交互串话。肝星状细胞（hepatic stellate cell,HSC）... 详细信息

Wnt与核转录因子-κB（nuclear transcription factor-κappaB,NF-κB）信号通路分别调控多种功能基因的转录,参与许多重要的生理和病理过程,许多研究表明Wnt与NF-κB信号通路间存在交互串话。肝星状细胞（hepatic stellate cell,HSC）被认为是肝脏合成细胞外基质（extracellular matrix）的主要细胞,其激活发生肌成纤维细胞的表型转换是肝纤维化发生的重要环节[1]。有研究证实Wnt与NF-κB信号通路对HSC活化及凋亡有调控作用,

关键词：信号通路 Wnt 核转录因子肝纤维化星状细胞活化细胞外基质肝星状细胞 stellate 肌成纤维细胞细胞因子

转化生长因子-β_1调控与肝纤维化治疗的研究进展

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广东医学 2015年第13期36卷 2109-2111页

作者：谭勤锐李晖杨超成都中医药大学附属医院中心实验室成都中医药大学临床医学院成都610075

肝纤维化是各种慢性肝病损伤过程的共同结果,也是各种慢性肝病向肝硬化发展的可逆中间环节,其发生的关键是肝星状细胞（hepatic stellate cell,HSC）活化后细胞外基质（extracellular matrix,ECM）的异常表达。细胞因子的调控失衡被认... 详细信息

肝纤维化是各种慢性肝病损伤过程的共同结果,也是各种慢性肝病向肝硬化发展的可逆中间环节,其发生的关键是肝星状细胞（hepatic stellate cell,HSC）活化后细胞外基质（extracellular matrix,ECM）的异常表达。细胞因子的调控失衡被认为是重要原因,表现为促纤维化因子过多,而抑制肝纤维化的因子相对不足。

关键词：肝纤维化慢性肝病促纤维化介质 Smad 肝星状细胞 stellate 转化生长因子细胞因子细胞外基质损伤过程