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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3016-3021页

作者： Amedeo Lonardo Department of Internal Medicine Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena(2023)Modena 41126Italy

Alanine aminotransferase(ALT)serum levels increase because of hepatocellular *** dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),which identifies steatotic liver disease(SLD)associated with≥2 metabolic abnormalities,has prominent sexual *** Metabolic Syndrome defines a cluster comprising abdominal obesity,altered glucose metabolism,dyslipidemia,and *** sex,body mass index,glucose,lipids,ferritin,hypertension,and age independently predict ALT levels among blood *** the last few decades,the reference range of ALT levels has been animatedly debated owing to attempts to update sex-specific reference *** this backset,Chen et al have recently published a study which has two main ***,>80%of indi-viduals with MAFLD had normal ALT ***,there was a linear increa-sing trend in the association between cumulative excess high-normal ALT levels and the rate of incident *** study has biologically credible ***,it inaccurately considered sex differences in the MAFLD ***,future studies on SLD owing to metabolic dysfunction should adopt locally determined and prospectively validated reference ranges of ALT and carefully consider sex differences in liver enzymes and MAFLD pathobiology.

关键词： Alanine aminotransferase Biomarker History of medicine Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Metabolism Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Reference range Sex differences steatotic liver disease

Disparate outcomes in Hispanic patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease/steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes: Large cohort study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 886-897页

作者： Joseph Matthew Gosnell George Golovko Esteban Arroyave Akshata Moghe Michael L Kueht Omar AbdulSaldarriaga Kevin H McKinney Heather L Stevenson Monique R Ferguson Department of Pathology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Pharmacology&Toxicology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Center for Tropical diseases Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States

BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)are a growing health burden across a significant portion of the global patient ***,these conditions seem to have disparate rates and outcomes between different ethnic *** combination of MASLD/MASH and type 2 diabetes increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and Hispanic patients experience the greatest burden,particularly those in South *** To compare outcomes between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients in the United States,while further focusing on the Hispanic population within Southeast Texas to determine whether the documented disparity in outcomes is a function of geographical circumstance or if there is a more widespread reason that all clinicians must account for in prognostic *** This cohort analysis was conducted with data obtained from TriNetX,LLC(“TriNetX”),a global federated health research network that provides access to deidentified medical records from healthcare organizations *** cohort networks were used:University of Texas Medical Branch(UTMB)hospital and the United States national database collective to determine whether disparities were related to geographic regions,like Southeast *** This study findings revealed Hispanics/Latinos have a statistically significant higher occurrence of HCC,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in both the United States and the UTMB Hispanic/Latino *** mortality in Hispanics/Latinos was lower within the United States group and not statistically elevated in the UTMB *** This would appear to support that Hispanic patients in Southeast Texas are not uniquely affected compared to the national Hispanic population.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis Hispanic Diabetes mellitus TriNetX Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis steatotic liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma

Can liver stiffness measurement accurately predict disease progression and clinical outcome in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第6期12卷 912-915页

作者： Diederick J.van Doorn Adriaan G.Holleboom R.Bart Takkenberg Joanne Verheij Marten A.Lantinga Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology MetabolismAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Vascular Medicine Internal MedicineAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology MetabolismAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Pathology Amsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Diederick *** Doorn1,Adriaan ***2,*** Takkenberg1,Joanne Verheij3,Marten ***11Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Amsterdam UMC,University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism,Amsterdam,The Netherlands;2Department of Vascular Medicine,Internal Medicine,Amsterdam UMC,University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism,Amsterdam,The Netherlands;3Department of Hepatopanc Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)-until recently termed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)-is a rising cause of chronic liver disease with an estimated global prevalence of 30%(1).

关键词： Cirrhosis liver stiffness steatotic liver disease

Clinical profiles and their interaction of concurrent metabolic associated steatotic liver disease and hepatitis B virus infection

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第12期16卷 1429-1440页

作者： Shao-Wen Wang Yu-Wen Chang Ching Wang Yu-Ming Cheng Tsung-Han Hsieh Chia-Chi Wang Jia-Horng Kao Department of Education Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho HospitalTaipei 235TaiwanChina Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalTaipei 231TaiwanChina Department of Education National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 300TaiwanChina Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tung’s Taichung Metro-Harbor HospitalTaichung 43503TaiwanChina Research Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalTaipei 231TaiwanChina Department of Hepatology Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei City 23142TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei 100TaiwanChina

BACKGROUND A new nomenclature of metabolic associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)was proposed in 2023,thus expanding the diagnostic name of“MASLD combined with other etiologies”.AIM To investigate the clinical profiles of patients with concurrent MASLD and ch-ronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)*** This study included participants from the Taiwan *** diagnostic cri-teria of MASLD encompassed hepatic steatosis and any cardio-metabolic risk *** hepatitis B surface antigen was considered indicative of chronic HBV *** etiology was defined as MASLD combined with chronic HBV infection(MASLD-HBV).Fibrosis 4(FIB-4)score determined the severity of liver fibrosis,and athero-sclerosis was diagnosed by the presence of carotid plaques on duplex *** In a total of 18980 participants(mean age,55.18±10.35 years;males,30.42%),there were 7654(40.3%)MASLD patients and 2128(11.2%)HBV *** propensity score matching for age and gender,HBV carriers had a lower percentage of MASLD than healthy *** with dual etiology had higher aspartate aminotrans-ferase,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and FIB-4 levels,but lower gamma glutamyl transferase(GGT)levels than MASLD *** contrast,those with dual etiology had higher ALT and GGT levels,but lower FIB-4 than“HBV alone”*** risk of atherosclerosis was similar among these three *** MASLD-HBV patients have worse liver fibrosis severity than MASLD patients,but better liver fibrosis stage than“HBV alone”patients,suggesting a complex interaction between MASLD and chronic HBV infection.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease steatotic liver disease Metabolic dysfunction Hepatitis B virus Fibrosis 4 score Atherosclerosis

Sarcopenia and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease:Time to address both

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第6期16卷 871-877页

作者： Rochelle Wong Li-Yun Yuan Division of Gastrointestinal and liver diseases Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033United States

Sarcopenia and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)are closely ***,traditionally a disease of the older adult and chronic disease population,has been closely studied as one of the pathophysiologic conditions at play in the development of *** share similar risk factors of insulin resistance and physical *** similar pathophysiology along the liver-muscle axis,sarcopenia has been studied as a risk factor for MASLD,and vice *** research suggests a bidirectional *** the chronicity of MASLD as a chronic inflammatory liver disease,it can break down muscle mass and lead to sarcopenia,while sarcopenia promotes intramuscular lipid accumulation that releases cytokines that can aggravate inflammation in the ***,for the longest time,a lack of consensus definition for MASLD and sarcopenia made it difficult to study their relationship and outcomes.A recent nomenclature update to diagnosing MASLD has made it easier for researchers to identify cohorts for ***,no gold standard technique to measure muscle mass or consensus sarcopenia definition has been identified *** studies are needed to reach a consensus and reduce diagnostic *** similar pathophysiology and shared risk factors between the two diseases,future research may also identify potential therapeutic targets along the liver-muscle axis that would benefit both sarcopenia and MASLD in order to maximize their outcomes.

关键词： Sarcopenia steatotic liver disease Metabolic dysfunction Insulin resistance liver-muscle axis

liver biopsy in the post-hepatitis C virus era in Japan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1949-1957页

作者： Yoshihiro Ikura Takako Okubo Yasuhiro Sakai Department of Pathology Takatsuki General HospitalTakatsuki 569-1192Osaka PrefectureJapan Department of Pathology Kansai Medical University Medical CenterMoriguchi 570-8507Japan

In Japan,liver biopsies were previously crucial in evaluating the severity of hepatitis caused by the hepatitis C virus(HCV)and diagnosing HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,due to the development of effective antiviral treatments and advanced imaging,the necessity for biopsies has significantly *** change has resulted in fewer chances for diagnosing liver disease,causing many general pathologists to feel less confident in making liver biopsy *** article provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and potential solutions related to liver biopsies in ***,it highlights the importance of considering steatotic liver diseases as independent conditions that can coexist with other liver diseases due to their increasing ***,it emphasizes the need to avoid hasty assumptions of HCC in nodular lesions,because clinically diagnosable HCCs are not targets for ***,the importance of diagnosing hepatic immune-related adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors is increasing due to the anticipated widespread use of these *** conclusion,pathologists should be attuned to the changing landscape of liver diseases and approach liver biopsies with care and attention to detail.

关键词： liver biopsy Alteration Post-hepatitis C virus era steatotic liver disease Hepatic tumors Immune checkpoint inhibitors

Changes in the terminology and diagnostic criteria of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:Implications and opportunities

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2024年第1期15卷 1-8页

作者： Muhammed Mubarak Javed I.Kazi Department of Histopathology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200Pakistan

Fatty liver disease(FLD)is a highly prevalent pathological liver *** has many and varied etiologies and has heterogeneous clinical course and *** proper nomenclature and classification have been problematic since its initial ***,it was divided into two main categories:Alcoholassociated liver disease and nonalcoholic FLD(NAFLD).Among these,the latter condition has been plagued with nomenclature and classification *** two main objections to its use have been the use of negative(non-alcoholic)and stigmatizing(fatty)terms in its *** attempts were made to address these issues but none achieved universal *** recently,NAFLD has received a new nomenclature from an international collaborative effort based on a rigorous scientific *** has been renamed steatotic liver disease(SLD),and NAFLD as metabolic dysfunction-associated *** dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis was chosen as the replacement terminology for non-alcoholic *** is a significant positive change in the nomenclature and categorization of FLD and will likely have a major impact on research,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of the disease in the future.

关键词： Fatty liver disease Metabolic syndrome Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease steatotic liver disease Steatohepatitis