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Fault detection of new and aged lithium-ion battery cells in electric vehicles

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2024年第3期3卷 42-53页

作者： Sara Sepasiahooyi Farzaneh Abdollahi Department of Electrical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)424 Hafez AveTehranIran Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Carleton UniversityOttawaONCanada

In this paper,a novel model-based fault detection in the battery management system of an electric vehicle is *** adaptive observers are designed to detect state-of-charge faults and voltage sensor faults,considering the impact of battery *** aging primarily affects capacity and resistance,becoming more pronounced in the later stages of a battery *** incorporating aging effects into our fault diagnosis scheme,our proposed approach prevents false or missed alarms for the aged battery *** aging effect of battery,capacity fading and resistance growth,are considered unknown *** adaptive observer is employed to design a fault detector,considering unknown parameters in the battery *** adaptive observers are designed for two different scenarios:In the first scenario,it is presumed that aging effects remain constant over time due to their slow rate of ***,it is assumed that aging effects are ***,the fault detection scheme can detect faults of new battery cells as well as aged *** simulations have been conducted on a Lithium-ion battery cell and extended to battery pack,to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach in more real-world *** results showed that the designed observers can detect faults correctly in a seven years old battery as well as a new one.

关键词： Adaptive observer Aging Electric vehicle Fault detection Lithium-ion battery state of charge

A Joint Estimation Method of SOC and SOH for Lithium-ion Battery Considering Cyber-Attacks Based on GA-BP

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4497-4512页

作者： Tianqing Yuan Na Li Hao Sun Sen Tan Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control&Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of EducationNortheast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012China Department of Electrical Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012China College of Information and Control Engineering Jilin Institute of Chemical TechnologyJilin132022China Center for Research on Microgrids Department of EnergyAalborg UniversityAalborg9220Denmark

To improve the estimation accuracy of state of charge(SOC)and state of health(SOH)for lithium-ion batteries,in this paper,a joint estimation method of SOC and SOH at charging cut-off voltage based on genetic algorithm(GA)combined with back propagation(BP)neural network is proposed,the research addresses the issue of data manipulation resulting ***,anomalous data stemming fromcyber-attacks are identified and eliminated using the isolated forest algorithm,followed by data ***,the incremental capacity(IC)curve is derived fromthe restored data using theKalman filtering algorithm,with the peak of the ICcurve(ICP)and its corresponding voltage serving as the health factor(HF).Thirdly,the GA-BP neural network is applied to map the relationship between HF,constant current charging time,and SOH,facilitating the estimation of SOH based on ***,SOC estimation at the charging cut-off voltage is calculated by inputting the SOH estimation value into the trained model to determine the constant current charging time,and by updating the maximum available *** show that the root mean squared error of the joint estimation results does not exceed 1%,which proves that the proposed method can estimate the SOC and SOH accurately and stably even in the presence of false data injection attacks.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries state of charge state of health cyber-attacks genetic algorithm back propagation neural network

state of Health Estimation of LiFePO_(4) Batteries for Battery Management Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3149-3164页

作者： Areeb Khalid Syed Abdul Rahman Kashif Noor Ul Ain Ali Nasir Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahorePakistan Department of Electrical Engineering University of Central PunjabLahorePakistan

When considering the mechanism of the batteries,the capacity reduction at storage(when not in use)and cycling(during use)and increase of internal resistance is because of degradation in the chemical composition inside the *** optimize battery usage,a battery management system(BMS)is used to estimate possible aging effects while different load profiles are requested from the *** is specifically seen in a case when the vehicle is connected to the net(online through BMS).During this process,the BMS chooses the optimized load profiles based on the least aging effects on the battery *** major focus of this paper is to design an algorithm/model for lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO4)*** model of the batteries is based on the accelerated aging test data(data from the beginning of life till the end of life).The objective is to develop an algorithm based on the actual battery trend during the whole life of the *** the analysis of the test data,the complete trend of the battery aging and the factors on which the aging is depending on is identified,the aging model can then be recalibrated to avoid any differences in the production process during cell *** validation of the model was carried out at the end by utilizing different driving profiles at different C-rates and different ambient temperatures.A Linear and non-linear model-based approach is used based on statistical *** parameterization was carried out by dividing the data into small chunks and estimating the parameters for the individual ***-adaptive characteristic map using a lookup table was also *** nonlinear model was chosen as the best candidate among all other approaches for longer validation of 8-month data with real driving data set.

关键词： Aging model state of health lithium-ion cells battery management system state of charge battery modeling

Electricity Storage With High Roundtrip Efficiency in a Reversible Solid Oxide Cell Stack

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2016年第4期29卷 517-522,I0002页

作者：甘丽珍谢奎合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院合肥230009 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所中国科学院功能纳米结构与组装重点实验室福州350002

We theoretically investigate the electricity storage/generation in a reversible solid oxide cell stack. The system heat is for the first time tentatively stored in a phase-change metal when the stack is operated to generate electricity in a fuel cell mode and then reused to store electricity in an electrolysis mode. The state of charge （H2 frication in cathode） effectively enhances the open circuit voltages （OCVs） while the system gas pressure in electrodes also increases the OCVs. On the other hand, a higher system pressure facilitates the species diffusion in electrodes that therefore accordingly improve electrode polarizations. With the aid of recycled system heat, the roundtrip efficiency reaches as high as 92% for the repeated electricity storage and generation.

关键词： Reversible solid oxide cell state of charge Heat storage Electricity storage Electricity generation

Provision of Ramp-rate Limitation as Ancillary Service from Distribution to Transmission System:Definitions and Methodologies for Control and Sizing of Central Battery Energy Storage System

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第5期11卷 1507-1518页

作者： Spyros I.Gkavanoudis Kyriaki-Nefeli D.Malamaki Eleftherios O.Kontis Aditya Shekhar Umer Mushtaq Sagar Bandi Venu Charis S.Demoulias Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece Electrical Engineering Mathematics&Computer Science DepartmentDelft University of TechnologyDelftNetherlands FENECON Gmbh DeggendorfGermany

The variability of the output power of distributed renewable energy sources(DRESs)that originate from the fastchanging climatic conditions can negatively affect the grid ***,grid operators have incorporated ramp-rate limitations(RRLs)for the injected DRES power in the grid *** the DRES penetration levels increase,the mitigation of high-power ramps is no longer considered as a system support function but rather an ancillary service(AS).Energy storage systems(ESSs)coordinated by RR control algorithms are often applied to mitigate these power ***,no unified definition of active power ramps,which is essential to treat the RRL as AS,currently *** paper assesses the various definitions for ramp-rate RR and proposes RRL method control for a central battery ESS(BESS)in distribution systems(DSs).The ultimate objective is to restrain high-power ramps at the distribution transformer level so that RRL can be traded as AS to the upstream transmission system(TS).The proposed control is based on the direct control of theΔP/Δt,which means that the control parameters are directly correlated with the RR requirements included in the grid *** addition,a novel method for restoring the state of charge(So C)within a specific range following a high ramp-up/down event is ***,a parametric method for estimating the sizing of central BESSs(BESS sizing for short)is *** BESS sizing is determined by considering the RR requirements,the DRES units,and the load mix of the examined *** BESS sizing is directly related to the constant RR achieved using the proposed ***,the proposed methodologies are validated through simulations in MATLAB/Simulink and laboratory tests in a commercially available BESS.

关键词： Battery energy storage system distributed renewable energy resource sizing distribution system transmission system ramp-rate limitation state of charge

A Comparative Study on Open Circuit Voltage Models for Lithium-ion Batteries

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2018年第4期31卷 84-91页

作者： Quan-Qing Yu Rui Xiong Le-Yi Wang Cheng Lin National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles School of Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University

The current research of state of charge(SoC) online estimation of lithium-ion battery(LiB) in electric vehicles(EVs)mainly focuses on adopting or improving of battery models and estimation filters. However, little attention has been paid to the accuracy of various open circuit voltage(OCV) models for correcting the SoC with aid of the ampere-hour counting method. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison study on eighteen OCV models which cover the majority of models used in literature. The low-current OCV tests are conducted on the typical commercial LiFePO/graphite(LFP) and LiNiMnCoO/graphite(NMC) cells to obtain the experimental OCV-SoC curves at different ambient temperature and aging stages. With selected OCV and SoC points from experimental OCV-SoC curves, the parameters of each OCV model are determined by curve fitting toolbox of MATLAB 2013. Then the fitting OCV-SoC curves based on diversified OCV models are also obtained. The indicator of root-mean-square error(RMSE) between the experimental data and fitted data is selected to evaluate the adaptabilities of these OCV models for their main features, advantages,and limitations. The sensitivities of OCV models to ambient temperatures, aging stages, numbers of data points,and SoC regions are studied for both NMC and LFP cells. Furthermore, the influences of these models on SoC estimation are discussed. Through a comprehensive comparison and analysis on OCV models, some recommendations in selecting OCV models for both NMC and LFP cells are given.

关键词： state of charge Open circuit voltage model Lithium-ion battery NMC LFP

Parametic Model for Optimization of Battery Capacity and Power Transmitters of On-line Electric Vehicles in Closed/Open Environments

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第1期9卷 185-196页

作者： Fatima Nisar Syed Haider Imtiaz Alam Asad Waqar Toqeer Ahmed Mudassar Usman Department of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering&Applied Sciences(BSEAS)Bahria UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Centre for Advanced Electronics and Photovoltaic Engineering(CAEPE) International Islamic Universityand School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Science(SINES)National University of Science and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan

An on-line electric vehicle(OLEV)uses a wireless charging phenomenon,in which power transmitters are installed beneath the road and the OLEV’s battery is charged *** paper deals with the optimization of two key economic and design parameters,i.e.,the size of the battery and the power transmitters allocation.A complete model configuration of the OLEV system,including the vehicle design and power transmitter,is implemented using MATLAB/*** battery’s state of charge(SOC)rises and drops according to the vehicle’s velocity and power collection and *** mixed integer programming(MIP)model is used for cost ***,with the help of the SOC graph and MIP model,the battery size and the number of power transmitters,along with their placements,are *** proposed model is applicable to both closed and open environments as it accepts both regulated and deregulated *** test cases are performed for this *** first test case deals with regulated velocity for which we have applied the KAIST campus OLEV’s velocity along with its 13 kWh battery size and 4 power transmitters,and then applied the suggested solution with the same velocity and route i.e.,8 power transmitters with shorter lengths and reduced battery size(3.25 kWh;one-fourth of the first case).SOC is found within limits at the end of the route,saving$1600 and validating the proposed model in this *** the second test case,we use deregulated velocity and optimize both parameters,using the same approach.

关键词： Closed and open environments mixed integer programming on-line electrical vehicle power transmitters state of charge wireless charging

A Fast Charging–Cooling Coupled Scheduling Method for a Liquid Cooling-Based Thermal Management System for Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Engineering 2021年第8期7卷 1165-1176页

作者： Siqi Chen Nengsheng Bao Akhil Garg Xiongbin Peng Liang Gao state Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education Shantou UniversityShantou 515063China

Efficient fast-charging technology is necessary for the extension of the driving range of electric ***,lithium-ion cells generate immense heat at high-current charging *** order to address this problem,an efficient fast charging–cooling scheduling method is urgently *** this study,a liquid cooling-based thermal management system equipped with mini-channels was designed for the fastcharging process of a lithium-ion battery module.A neural network-based regression model was proposed based on 81 sets of experimental data,which consisted of three sub-models and considered three outputs:maximum temperature,temperature standard deviation,and energy *** sub-model had a desirable testing accuracy(99.353%,97.332%,and 98.381%)after *** regression model was employed to predict all three outputs among a full dataset,which combined different charging current rates(0.5C,1C,1.5C,2C,and 2.5C(1C=5 A))at three different charging stages,and a range of coolant rates(0.0006,0.0012,and 0.0018 kg·s^(-1)).An optimal charging–cooling schedule was selected from the predicted dataset and was validated by the *** results indicated that the battery module’s state of charge value increased by 0.5 after 15 min,with an energy consumption lower than 0.02 *** maximum temperature and temperature standard deviation could be controlled within 33.35 and 0.8C,*** approach described herein can be used by the electric vehicles industry in real fast-charging ***,optimal fast charging-cooling schedule can be predicted based on the experimental data obtained,that in turn,can significantly improve the efficiency of the charging process design as well as control energy consumption during cooling.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery module Fast-charging Neural network regression Scheduling state of charge Energy consumption

Numerical analysis of temperature rise within 70MPa composite hydrogen vehicle cylinder during fast refueling

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第7期21卷 2772-2778页

作者：王亮郑传祥李蓉陈冰冰魏宗新 Institute of Chemical Machinery and Process Equipment Zhejiang University Institute of Process Equipment and Control Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology

The numerical simulation model for predicting fast filling process of 70 MPa type Ⅲ(with metal liner) hydrogen vehicle cylinder was presented,which has considered turbulence,real gas effect and solid heat transfer *** the numerical analysis method,the temperature distributions of the gas within the solid walls were revealed; adiabatic filling was studied to evaluate the heat dissipation during the filling; the influences of various filling conditions on temperature rise were analyzed in ***,cold filling was proposed to evaluate the effect on temperature rise and SoC(state of charge) within the *** hydrogen pre-cooling was proved to be an effective solution to reduce maximum temperature and acquire higher SoC during the filling process.

关键词： fast filling numerical analysis temperature rise hydrogen vehicle cylinder state of charge