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stainless steel cloth modified by carbon nanoparticles of Chinese ink as scalable and high-performance anode in microbial fuel cell

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第8期32卷 2499-2502页

作者： Haoliang Wu Hao Tan Luye Chen Bin Yang Yang Hou Lecheng Lei Zhongjian Li College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of EducationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou Quzhou 32400China

Microbial fuel cells(MFCs) have various potential ***,anode is a main bottleneck that limits electricity production performance of ***,we developed a novel anode based on a stainless steel cloth(SC) modified with carbon nanoparticles of Chinese ink(Cl) using polypyrrole(PPy)as a building block(PPy/Cl/SC).After modification,PPy/Cl/SC showed a 30% shorten in start-up time(36.4 ± 3.3 h vs.52.3± 1.8 h),33% increase in the maximum current(12.4 ± 1.4 mA vs.9.3± 0.95 mA),and2.3 times higher in the maximum power density of MFC(61.9 mW/m^(2) vs.27.3 mW/m^(2)),compared to Ppy/*** results revealed that carbon nanoparticles were able to cover SC uniformly,owing to excellent dispersibility of carbon nanoparticles in *** attachment of carbon nanoparticles formed a fluffy layer on SC increased the electrochemically-active surface area by 1.9 times to 44.5 cm^(2).This enhanced electron transfer between the electrode and ***,embedding carbon nanoparticles into the PPy layer significantly improved biocompatibility as well as changed functional group contents,which were bene ficial to bacteria adhesion on *** adva ntage of high mechanical strength and good conductivity,a large-size PPy/Cl/SC was successfully prepared(50×60 cm^(2))demonstrating a promising potential in practical *** simple fabrication strategy offers a new idea of developing low cost and scalable electrode materials for high-performance energy harvesting in MFCs.

关键词： Chinese ink Microbial fuel cell stainless steel Polypyrrole Carbon nanoparticles

Effect of welding process on the microstructure and properties of dissimilar weld joints between low alloy steel and duplex stainless steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第6期19卷 518-524页

作者： Jing Wang Min-xu Lu Lei Zhang Wei Chang Li-ning Xu Li-hua Hu Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Research Institute of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Beijing 100027 China

To obtain high-quality dissimilar weld joints, the processes of metal inert gas （MIG） welding and tungsten inert gas （TIG） welding for duplex stainless steel （DSS） and low alloy steel were compared in this paper. The microstructure and corrosion morphology of dissimilar weld joints were observed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）; the chemical compositions in different zones were detected by en- ergy-dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）; the mechanical properties were measured by microhardness test, tensile test, and impact test; the corro- sion behavior was evaluated by polarization curves. Obvious concentration gradients of Ni and Cr exist between the fusion boundary and the type II boundary, where the hardness is much higher. The impact toughness of weld metal by MIG welding is higher than that by TIG weld- ing. The corrosion current density of TIG weld metal is higher than that of MIG weld metal in a 3.5wt% NaC1 solution. Galvanic corrosion happens between low alloy steel and weld metal, revealing the weakness of low alloy steel in industrial service. The quality of joints pro- duced by MIG welding is better than that by TIG welding in mechanical performance and corrosion resistance. MIG welding with the filler metal ER2009 is the suitable welding process for dissimilar metals jointing between UNS $31803 duplex stainless steel and low alloy steel in practical application.

关键词： dissimilar metals welds stainless steel alloy steel microstructure mechanical properties corrosion

Fatigue crack growth behavior of a 170 mm diameter stainless steel straight pipe subjected to combined torsion and bending load

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第4期15卷 905-913页

作者： Selvakumar VEERARAJAN Dakshinamurthy PUKAZHENDHI Palla GANDHI Department of Civil Engineering Taipei University of TechnologyTaipei106-08China Fatigue&Fracture Laboratory CSIR-Structural Engineering Research CentreChennai600113India

In a nuclear powerplant,the rotary equipment,such as a pump directly fitted with hanger in the piping system,experiences torsional and bending *** crack growth rate occurs because of this torsional load in addition to the bending ***,it is necessary to study the fatigue behavior of piping components under the influence of combined torsional and bending *** this study,experimental fatigue life evaluation was conducted on a notched stainless steel SA312 Type 304LN straight pipe having an outer diameter of 170 *** experimental crack depth was measured using alternating current potential drop *** fatigue life of the stainless steel straight pipe was predicted using experiments,Delale and Erdogan method,and area-averaged root mean square-stress intensity factor approach at the deepest and surface points of the ***,the fatigue crack growth and crack pattern were *** a result,fatigue crack growth predicted using analytical methods are in good agreement with experimental results.

关键词： fatigue life Delale and Erdogan method RMS-SIF approach stainless steel torsion and bending load fatigue crack growth

Anisotropic Electroplastic Effects on the Mechanical Properties of a Nano-Lamellar Austenitic stainless steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第4期34卷 534-542页

作者： Y.R.Ma H.J.Yang D.D.Ben X.H.Shao Y.Z.Tian Q.Wang Z.F.Zhang Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Sciences and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Shenyang National Laboratory of Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang110016China

Effects of electropulsing treatment(EPT)on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of a cold-rolled 316 L austenitic stainless steel with nano-lamellar structure were *** EPT experiments were carried out with the electric current direction along the rolling direction(RD)and the transverse direction(TD)of the samples,*** anisotropic electroplastic effects for the RD and TD specimens,i.e.,reduced hardness/strength and enhanced ductility,were obtained owing to the different recrystallization behaviors of the RD and TD specimens during *** RD specimens after EPT with larger recrystallized grain size and higher volume fraction of recrystallization show lower strength and higher elongation than that of the TD *** main reason might be attributed to the change of the current direction in the two kinds of samples,which results in the different sensitivity of the microstructures to thermal and athermal effects during EPT.

关键词： stainless steel Electroplastic effect Electropulsing Recrystallization Anisotropy Strength Plasticity

Structural refinement of 00Cr13Ni5Mo2 supermartensitic stainless steel during single-stage intercritical tempering

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第3期21卷 279-288页

作者： Da-kun Xu Yong-chang Liu Zong-qing Ma Hui-jun Li Ze-sheng Yan State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety School of Material Science and Engineering Tianjin University

The 00Cr13Ni5Mo2 supermartensitic stainless steel was first tempered at 570-730°C for 2 h to observe the microstructure and hardness changes. The tempering temperature was set to 600, 650, and 700°C, which is below, equal to, and above the austenite transformation start temperature, respectively, for each holding period to investigate the effects of tempering time on the structure and properties of the steel. The microstructure of the specimens was examined by optical microscopy and transmission electronic microscopy, and the phase composition was detected by X-ray diffraction. As expected, lath refinement was observed in the steel tempered at 700°C, and the refinement degree significantly depended on the tempering time. Contrary to normal steel softening by tempering, the hardness performance of the steel was significantly enhanced primarily because of the refinement of martensite laths after single-stage intercritical tempering. It is believed that the reverse transformation of martensite（α′） to austenite（γ） is responsible for the refinement.

关键词： stainless steel tempering retained austenite phase transitions

Cavitation erosion resistance of 316L stainless steel fabricated using selective laser melting

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Friction 2021年第6期9卷 1580-1598页

作者： Hongqin DING Qing TANG Yi ZHU Chao ZHANG Huayong YANG State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Ningbo Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityNingbo 315100China

Cavitation erosion degrades the performance and reliability of hydraulic *** laser melting(SLM)is a type of metal additive manufacturing technology that can fabricate metal parts directly and provide lightweight design in various industrial ***,the cavitation erosion behaviors of SLM-fabricated parts have rarely been *** this study,SLM 316L stainless steel samples were fabricated via SLM technology considering the scanning strategy,scanning speed,laser power,and build *** effect of the process parameters on the cavitation erosion resistance of the SLM-fabricated 316L stainless steel samples was illustrated using an ultrasonic vibratory cavitation *** mass loss and surface topography were employed to evaluate the surface cavitation damage of the SLM-fabricated 316L stainless steel samples after the cavitation *** cavitation damage mechanism of the SLM-fabricated samples was *** results show that the degree of cavitation damage of the sample fabricated via SLM with a few defects,anisotropic build direction,and columnar microstructure is significantly *** such as pores,which are attributed to low laser power and high scanning speed,may severely aggravate the cavitation damage of the SLM-fabricated *** sample fabricated via SLM with a low laser power and exposure time exhibited the highest porosity and poor cavitation erosion *** cellular structures are more prone to cavitation damage compared with the columnar structures.A sample with a high density of grain boundaries will severely suffer cavitation damage.

关键词： selective laser melting stainless steel cavitation erosion process parameters microstructure

Oral microbiota accelerates corrosion of 316L stainless steel for orthodontic applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第33期128卷 118-132页

作者： Qingfu Wang Mingxing Zhang Chuntian Yang Yi Yang Enze Zhou Pan Liu Daiqiang Jin Dake Xu Lin Wu Fuhui Wang School and Hospital of Stomatology China Medical UniversityLiaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesShenyang 110001China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Electrobiomaterials Institute Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education)Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Department of Oral Implantology Tianjin Stomatological HospitalSchool of MedicineNankai University&Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function ReconstructionTianjin 300041China

In this work,microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC)of 316 L stainless steel(SS)caused by oral microbiota was investigated with HOMINGS 16 S rRNA gene sequencing technology,and electrochemical and surface analysis *** results showed that oral microbiota from different subjects developed multi-species biofilms with significant differences in structure and composition of bacteria strains on the316 L SS *** the presence of oral microbiota,more severe pitting corrosion and faster dissolution of metallic ions including Ni and Cr were *** biofilm considerably decreased the pitting potential of 316 L SS from 1268.0±29.1 mV ***(abiotic control)to less than 500 mV *** corrosion current density in the presence of oral microbiota from subject 1(115.3±83.3 nA cm^(-2))and subject 2(184.4±162.0 nA cm^(-2))was at least 4 times more than that in the abiotic medium(28.0±2.3 nA cm^(-2)).The electroactive microorganisms with the potential to facilitate corrosion via extracellular electron transfer found in oral microbiota may be mainly responsible for the accelerated corrosion.

关键词： Oral microbiota Microbiologically influenced corrosion stainless steel Electroactive microorganism

Test research on sticking mechanism during hot rolling of SUS 430 ferritic stainless steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2010年第5期17卷 573-578页

作者： Jun-xian Liu Yong-jun Zhang Jing-tao Han School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The sticking phenomenon during hot rolling of SUS 430 ferritic stainless steel was investigated by means of a two-disc type high-temperature wear tester. The test results indicate that sticking particles on the surfaces of high chromium steel （HiCr） and high-speed steel （HSS） rolls undergo nucleation, growth, and saturation stages. Grooves on the roll surface generated by grinding provide nucleation sites for sticking particles. The number of sticking particles on the HiCr roll surface is greater than that on the HSS roll surface. The average surface roughnesses （Ra） of HiCr and HSS rolls change from 0.502 and 0.493 μm at the initial stage to 0.837 and 0.530 μm at the saturation stage, respectively. The test further proves that the sticking behavior is strongly dependent on roll materials, and the HSS roll is more benefi- cial to prevent particles sticking compared with the HiCr roll under the same hot-rolling conditions.

关键词： ferritic steel stainless steel hot rolling sticking rolls

Effects of Rare Earth Elements on the Characteristics of Low Temperature Plasma Nitrocarburized Martensitic stainless steel

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第11期28卷 1046-1052页

作者： R.L.Lju Y.J.Qiao M.F.Yan Y.D.Fu College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Low temperature plasma nitrocarburizing of 17-4PH martensitic stainless steel was conducted at 430 ℃ with and without rare earth （RE） addition. The microstructure, kinetics, microhardness, wear behavior as well as corrosion resistance of the modified layer were studied by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Vickers microhardness tester, pin-on-disc tribometer and potentiodynamic polarization tests. The results show that the thickness of plasma RE nitrocarburized layer is much thicker than that formed by nitrocarburizing without RE addition. The incorporation of RE does not change the kind of the phases and the nitrocarburized layer consists mainly of nitrogen and carbon expanded martensite （aN）, γ-Fe4N and a-Fe with a trace of CrN phases. The surface microhardness of plasma nitrocarburized layer can be increased by 100 HV after RE addition. Wear resistance of the specimen can be apparently improved by low temperature plasma nitrocarburizing with and without RE addition and without sacrificing its corrosion resistance. Wear reduction effect of low temperature plasma nitrocarburizing with RE addition is better than that of the conventional one.

关键词： stainless steel Low temperature Plasma nitrocarburizing Rare earth (RE) Wear and friction