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Sampling and determination of carbonyls in stack gas

Journal of Environmental Sciences 1999年第1期11卷 52-60页

作者： Dai Tian-you Wang Qin-hui Wei Fu-sheng Tan Pei-gong Liu Jin China National Environmental Monitoring Center Beijing 100029China Qingdao Environmental Monitoring Center Qingdao 266003China

The GC determination of aldehydes and ketones in stack gas was reported. The stack gas was collected with the dust sampler by isokinetic sampling technique, 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine in acidic solution was used to absorb aldehydes and ketones in stack gas specifically, to form their hydrazones, which were determined by GC with a capillary column of SE 54. The GC system can separate nine hydrazones of carbonyls interested with constant recovery rates of 94%—97%, giving lowest detectable limits of 0 05—1 0 ng. The standard gas of carbonyls were determined by this method with relative errors of -5% to -10%, percent coefficients of variation within 5%, and spiking recovery rates of 93%—97%. As an application of the method, the carbonyl pollutants were determined in stack gas samples of a chemical plant.

关键词： aldehyde ketone 2 4 dinitrophenylhydrazine absorption solution stack gas gas chromatography.

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Spatial distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil around a municipal solid waste incinerator

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第8期25卷 1636-1642页

作者： Wenbin Liu Haifeng Li Zhenyu Tian Huiting Xie Jicheng Hu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences

The impact of a typical municipal solid waste incinerator （MSWI） on polychlorinated biphenyl （PCB） concentrations in the surrounding soil was studied. Six stack gas samples were taken from the MSWI and 21 soil samples were collected from sampling sites between 300 and 1700 m from the MSWI stack. The total （∑PCB） concentrations of dioxin-like （dl） PCBs and indicator PCBs in the stack gas samples were between 3.41 and 34.3 ng/m3, and the corresponding toxic equivalents （TEQs） ranged from 4.45 to 66.9 pg WHO-TEQ/m3, with a mean of 28.6 pg WHO-TEQ/m3. A total of 2.43 g WHO-TEQ of PCBs per year was calculated to be released into the environment from MSWIs in China. The ∑PCB concentrations in the soil samples ranged from 28.0 to 264.4 pg/g, with mean and median values of 127.6 and 127.7 pg/g, respectively, while the TEQ values were between 0.020 and 0.18 pg WHO-TEQ/g, with mean and median values of 0.074 and 0.062 pg WHO-TEQ/g, respectively. Comparing this study with other studies performed around the world suggest that PCB emission from incinerators has a critical influence on PCB concentrations in the surrounding soil. An exponential function equation is proposed, which indicates a clear decline in ∑PCB concentrations with increasing distance from the stack. A contour map created using an ordinary kriging interpolation technique showed that a limited area （1250 m radius） from the stack was clearly influenced by PCB emission from the MSWI.

关键词： unintentional persistent organic pollutants stack gas contour map safe distance

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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) emissions from electric arc furnaces for steelmaking

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Emerging Contaminants 2020年第1期6卷 330-336页

作者： Qiuting Yang Lili Yang Jia Shen Yuanping Yang Minxiang Wang Xiaoyun Liu Xuejing Shen Changliang Li Jia Xu Fengfeng Li Da Li Guorui Liu Minghui Zheng Central Iron&Steel Research Institute Beijing100081China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesP.O.Box 2871Beijing100085China School of Environment Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhouChina

The proportion of steel produced using electric arc furnaces(EAFs)is *** this study,polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)concentrations and patterns in stack gas samples from three typical EAFs in steelmaking plants were determined to allow the contributions of EAFs in steelmaking plants to PCDD/Fs emissions in China to be *** collection was accomplished by adopting the automatic isokinetic sampling technique,then the PCDD/Fs congeners concentrations were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by isotope dilution high-resolution gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRGC-HRMS).The mean PCDD/Fs mass concentrations in stack gases emitted during the scrap preheating phase of plants E1,E2,and E3 were 0.48,385.55,and 0.34 ng Nm^-3,respectively,and the total toxic equivalent(WHO2005-TEQ)concentrations were 0.05,33.16,and 0.03 ng Nm^-3,*** PCDD/Fs mass concentration in stack gases emitted during the melting phase at plant E3 was 0.12 ng Nm^-3(0.02 ng WHO2005-TEQ Nm^-3).The operational temperature of the bag filter of the preheating in the E2 EAF was as high as 230℃,which is conducive to the generation of PCDD/Fs,whether the temperature in the bag filter of E1(150℃)and E3(120℃)are ***,the bag filter temperature is suggested to be best controlled to below 150℃.The emission factors(EF)for PCDD/Fs released into the air during the scrap preheating phase for plants E1,E2,and E3 were 0.13,52,and 0.10 mg WHO2005-TEQ t1,respectively,and the EF for the smelting phase from plant E3 was 0.14 mg WHO2005-TEQ t*** emission factor in E2 is 5 times higher than the highest current UNEP toolkit factor for EAFs(10 mg TEQ/tonne steel).Therefore,an update for the UNEP toolkit emission factor for a few case plants is *** congeners,including 2,3,7,8-TeCDF,1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF,and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD,were dominant during the preheating phase,while 2,3,7,8-TeCDF,1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF,and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF

关键词： Electric arc furnaces PCDD/Fs stack gas Congener profile Emission factors

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