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Fertilizer ^(15)N Accumulation, Recovery and Distribution in Cotton Plant as Affected by N Rate and split

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第6期12卷 999-1007页

作者： YANG Guo-zheng CHU Kun-yan TANG Hao-yue NIEYi-chun ZHANG Xian-long College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture

N fertilization of 300 kg N ha-1 is normally applied to cotton crops in three splits： pre-plant application （PPA, 30%）, first bloom application （FBA, 40%） and peak bloom application （PBA, 30%） in the Yangtze River Valley China. However, low fertilizer N plant recovery （NPR）（30-35%） causes problems such as cotton yield stagnation even in higher N rate, low profit margin of cotton production and fertilizer release to the environment. Therefore, it is questioned： Are these three splits the same significance to cotton N uptake and distribution？ An outdoor pot trial was conducted with five N rates and 15 N labeled urea to determine the recovery and distribution of 15N from different splits in cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Huazamian H318） plant. The results showed that, cotton plant absorbed fertilizer 15N during the whole growing period, the majority during flowering for 18-20 d regardless of N rates （150-600 kg ha-1）. Fertilizer 15N proportion to the total N accumulated in cotton plant increased with N rates, and it was the highest in reproductive organs （88% averaged across N rates） among all the plant parts. FBA had the highest NPR （70%）, the lowest fertilizer N lose （FNL, 19%）, and the highest contribution to the fertilizer 15N proportion to the total N （46%） in cotton plant, whereas PPA had the reverse effect. It suggests that FBA should be the most important split for N absorption and yield formation comparatively and allocating more fertilizer N for late application from PPA should improve the benefit from fertilizer.

关键词： cotton fertilizer N split application NPR (fertilizer N plant recovery)

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Assessing Nitrogen Fertilization Strategies in Winter Wheat and Cotton Crops in Northern Greece

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Pedosphere 2012年第5期22卷 689-697页

作者： E. POLYCHRONAKI C. DOUMA C. GIOURGA A. LOUMOU Department of Environment University of the Aegean University Hill Xenia A 81100 Mytilene Lesvos (Greece) Department of Food Technology Technological Educational Institute of Kalamata Antikalamos 24100 Kalamata (Greece)

The management of fertilizer application is crucial for agricultural production and environmental safety. The objective of this study was to assess the efficiency of different fertilization strategies, applying fertilizers with and without nitrification inhibitors （NIs） in split application, in Greece. The assessment criteria used were based on crop yield, soil nitrogen （N） concentrations and economic efficiency. For this purpose two crops （winter wheat and cotton） were selected in order to explore the optimum fertilization strategy for each crop. Three treatments combining fertilizers with NIs were tested compared with conventional fertilization （CF）. Slight differences in the quantity and the combination of fertilizers with NIs applied resulted in variable effects on crop yield, soil N and economic return. split N application of 102 kg ha^（-1）, with half of the total amount applied at seeding, resulted in higher grain yield of winter wheat, lower NO3-N in soil and higher economic return. This result reveals the importance of N application at seeding in wheat crop. Fertilization strategy with 109.5 kg N ha^（-1） and split P application resulted in higher cotton yield and higher economic profit. split P application seemed to increase yield, even though it is not a common practise in the area.

关键词： Mediterranean nitrification inhibitors split application

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