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Morphometric study of the testis and reproductive tract （including sperm granuloma） after vasectomy in mature rats

Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 66-73页

作者： Li Ma Yang Guo Yong Yuan Yu-Gen Li Xian-Zhong Deng Zheng-Wei Yang Morphometric Research Laboratory North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong 637000 Sichuan China Department of Urological Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong 637000 Sichuan China

By utilizing the rabbit model, previous studies have found good evidence indicating that vasectomy-induced spermatogenic damage is pressure-mediated： the damage occurs when the occluded reproductive tract is unable to accommodate additional spermatozoa produced by the testis. More studies with the more commonly used rat model have shown, however, controversial results on whether and why the damage occurs. In this study, 12 mature male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral vasectomy： double ligation （without severing） of the vas deferens exposed via a small inguinal incision; 37 days after the operation, the testes, epididymides, vasa deferentia （juxta-epididymal segments）, and sperm granulomas （at the vasectomy site） were removed to obtain methacrylate resin-embedded sections and morphometric studies carried out with light microscopy. Marked spermatogenic damage with spermatids and spermatocytes depleted in the seminiferous epithelium in 43% of the seminiferous tubule profiles was demonstrated in 5 of the 12 testes on the vasectomized side, and the damage was associated with smaller or absent sperm granulomas; in the other 7 testes with essentially normal spermatogenesis, there was an increase （by 111% on average） in the volume of the tubule lumen, associated with larger granulomas or granulomas containing more spermatozoa. There was an overall increase （by 66%） in the thickness of the rete testis in the 12 testes; the epididymis or vas deferens showed no distension. It seems therefore that the spermatogenic damage induced by vasectomy in rats is pressure-mediated as well, and that variation in the damage depends mainly on the postoperative development of the sperm granuloma.

关键词： morphometry rat sperm granuloma spermatogenesis vasectomy

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Bilateral occurrence of sperm granulomas in the left spermatic cord and on the right epididymis:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第29期10卷 10787-10793页

作者： Ding-Yang Lv Hong-Jie Xie Fan Cui Hui-Yu Zhou Wei-Bing Shuang Department of Urology The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001Shanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND sperm granuloma is a rare disease in clinical andrology and its incidence is still unclear worldwide.According to the existing literature,sperm granuloma often occurs unilaterally.Clinical and ultrasound features are similar to epididymal tuberculosis,chronic epididymitis and other diseases.sperm granuloma is usually diagnosed based on postoperative histopathological and immunohistochemical examination.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old man was admitted to the hospital due to the presence of a left scrotal mass for 3 mo and aggravation of pain for 1 wk.The lesions at both sites were surgically resected.Postoperative pathological examination showed that the left spermatic cord mass and the right epididymal mass were consistent with sperm granuloma.The sperm granulomas then recurred 3 mo after surgery.There is little change in the local mass so far.CONCLUSION The case report is helpful for our understanding of this disease.In clinical diagnosis,it should be distinguished from epididymal tuberculosis,chronic epididymitis and other diseases.Color Doppler ultrasound can be used as a preferred examination method but postoperative pathological examination is still needed for diagnosis.

关键词： sperm granuloma Epididymis spermatic cord Recurrence Case report

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