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Effects of the Ratio of n-6∶n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Maternal Diet on Immunoglobulins,Fatty Acid Composition,and Performance of Lactating sows and Suckling Piglets under Conditions of Low Maternal Energy Intake

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2011年第3期2卷 141-152页

作者： Wei Yao Hongliang Zhao Jie Li Zhijun Wang Yuhuang Han Shuren Dong Yuejiang Wang Fenglai Wang Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Beijing Sinofarm Stud Livestock Co. LTD. Beijing 100193 China Tianjin National Breeding Pig Farm Tianjin 301500 China

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different ratios of n-6 ∶ n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFA） in sow diets on the performance of lactating sows and their piglets at low digestible energy intakes. Twenty-one pregnant Landrace sows were assigned to one of three diets from day 108 of gestation until weaning （26 to 29 d） ,containing n-6∶n-3 PUFA ratios of 3 ∶1,8 ∶1 and 11 ∶1. The effects on sow and litter production traits and on sow body condition were examined. There were no differences among treatments in daily feed intakes or in changes in sow weight and back-fat levels during lactation. Litter size,litter weight at birth and weaning and litter average daily weight gain were also unaffected by treatment. As expected, large differences were observed in n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in the colostrum and plasma of sows and piglets （P 〈 0. 01） . The ratio of n6 ∶ n-3 PUFA the diet was positively correlated with those in colostrum,sow plasma and piglet plasma （R 2= 0. 55,0. 80 and 0. 80,respectively） . Sow plasma insulin and IGF-I levels at weaning were unaffected by the treatments. Plasma leptin （P 〈 0. 05） concentrations were increased in sows fed the diet with a n-6∶n-3 ratio of 8 ∶ 1. Immunoglobulin concentrations in colostrum were not altered by dietary treatment. Plasma IgG concentrations at d 14 were highest in piglets from sows fed the 8 ∶ 1 ratio of n-6∶n-3. Furthermore,this group had the highest IgA concentrations at day 21 of lactation compared with the other two groups （P 〈 0. 05） . In summary,our study demonstrated that at low digestible energy levels,altering the ratio of n-6 ∶ n-3 PUFA in the diets for lactating sows affected immune components and the fatty acid composition of lactating sows and their piglets. Further studies are needed to examine whether higher levels of fat supplementation than those used in the present study （1. 5%） can successfully enhance performance.

关键词： fatty acid composition hormones immunoglobulin n-6∶n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids sows

Influence of sows Farrowing Performance on Growth of 21-Day-Old Weaned Piglets and Their Correlation Research

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2015年第4期7卷 214-219,222页

作者： Jin Dachun Jin Junjie Jin Yezhou Hou Fengxiang Huang Shaolin Shao Bo Peng Naimu Department of Animal Science Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology Wenzhou Bureau of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Wenzhou Testing Center of Agricultural Products Wenzhou Sangnong Shaolin Livestock Ltd. Rui'an Bureau of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

[ Objective ] To study the influence of sows farrowing performance on the growth of 21-day-old weaned piglets and their correlation. [ Methods ] A total of 1 350 Duroc x Landrace Yorkshire piglets produced by 2-6 fetal Landrace x Yorkshire sows from 118 litters within a month were selected to be the test objects. All the newborn piglets were lactated by their parent sows. The test groups were divided according to different numbers （6 - 17） of live birth. The variance analysis were conducted on birth weight, litter weight at birth, number of 21-day-old weaning piglets, weaning weight, weaninl2g weight of litter, weaning survival rate and relative individual weight gain among different weeks. [ Results] sows farrowing performance had significant influence on the growth performance of 21- day-old piglets. However, the influences among different traits varied, some were even on the contrary. With the increase of the number of live birth, the birth weight, weaning weight of litter and weaning survival rate showed a decline trend. And when the number of live birth was equal or more than 14, the weaning sur- vival rate dropped to below 90% （P 〈 0.01 ） ; when the number of live birth was 13, the litter weight at birth and weaning weight of litter reached the peak. What- ever the number of live birth increased or decreased, the weaning weight showed a regular decline trend. [ Conclusions] When the number of live birth changed from 11 to 13, the maximum values of the economic indicator （weaning weight of litter） and the technical specifications （weaning survival rate） were achieved.

关键词： sows Farrowing performance Weaning piglets Correlation study

Effect of Social Rank on Well-Being and Space Utilization of Dry sows Kept in a Free Access Stall-Pen Housing Environment

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2020年第2期10卷 287-300页

作者： Ashley E. DeDecker Janeen L. Salak-Johnson Smithfield Foods Inc. Warsaw NC USA Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK USA

The primary objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of social rank on the well-being of gestating sows housed in a free access stall-pen housing environment. At d 30 post-breeding, 32 multiparous crossbred sows in groups of 4 were allocated to a stall-pen housing environment. Blood samples were taken at gestational d 30 (before mixing) and d 31 (24-h post-mixing), and then again at d 89 and 110;whereas, sow behavior was recorded at gestational d 30, 66, 87, and 102. Social rank was determined based on aggressive encounters, dyadic fighting wins and losses, and displacements between sows by 48-h post-mixing. At d 31 (post-mixing), regardless of social rank, total WBC decreased and, lymphocyte counts increased, but % change was more significant among the subordinates than dominants. The same trend occurred with neutrophil chemotaxis increased more in subordinates, but ConA-induced lymphocyte proliferation increased more in dominants, whereas LPS-induced lymphocyte proliferation was reduced among dominants. Sow behavior was differentially affected by social rank and time-periods or gestational day, with subordinates spending more time sitting and drinking, especially during time-periods 1, 3, and 4. Dominants displayed more oral-nasal-facial behaviors during mid-gestation but more sham-chew during time-period 2, which included feeding time. Social rank also influenced the percentage of time sows spent in either the stall or pen area, with subordinates in stalls and dominants in pen. These data imply that social rank differentially influences physiology and behavior of dry sows housed in a free access stall-pen environment. More specifically, the location of the dominant sow, time of day, and activity may influence when and where the subordinates spend their time within this housing system.

关键词： Behavior Housing System Endocrine Immune Pregnant sows Social Rank

Impact of Probiotic Supplement on the Weight Lose of sows and Weaning Weight of Piglet

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第9期1卷 1122-1129页

作者： Sanita Bula Uldis Ositis Silvija Strikauska Lilija Degola Institute of Agrobiotechnology Latvia University of Agriculture Jelgava L V-3002 Latvia

The aim of this field study was to evaluate the influence of the probiotic BioPlus 2B on the weight loss of sows during lactation and weaning weight of litter and piglets. A total of 126 gilts/sows on commercial pig farm were allocated to either group of 61 sows supplemented with probiotic BioPlus 2B 400 g per ton or a non-supplemented control group of 65 sows from two weeks before farrowing to weaning. Microbiological contents of feed rations were analyzed. Data were statistically processed by MS Excel program package using methods for descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and t-test. Lactating sows supplemented with probiotic BioPlus 2B increased their feed intake. It reduced sows weight loss during lactation; weight loss was 40.4-44.8 kg in controls versus 18.0-23.0 kg in supplemented sows （p 〈 0.05）. Insemination of sows was done 4-5 day after weaning. Repeated insemination was needed for more sows in control group-22 sows in the control group vs. 12 sows in the supplemented group （p 〈 0.05）. Reduce percent of repeated insemination from 36% to 18.5% in a commercial pig farm is a notable effect. The number of weaned piglets/litter is not significantly different between control and supplemented groups （10.54 piglets versus 10.63, p 〉 0.05）. Weaned litter weight was 85.2 kg in control group and 83.4 kg in the supplemented group （p 〉 0.05）. It concludes that these are sound arguments to supplement all sows on commercial farm with BioPlus 2B.

关键词： Probiotic sows weight loss.

Blocking Effects of Spleen Vaccine on Vertical Transmission of Classical Swine Fever Virus in sows

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2010年第5期2卷 24-25,28页

作者： LIU Xin-ping GAO Lin XU Jun-jie FENG Xuan-biao HUANG Jian-hua YANG Feng-mei College of Life Science Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 China Animal Disease Control and Preven- tion Center of Jiangxi Province Nanchang 330006 China Nanchang Animal Disease Control and Prevention Center Nanchang 330008 China

[ Objective] To investigate the blocking effects of spleen vaccine on vertical transmission of classical swine fever virus （CSFV） in sows. [ Method] sows infected by CSFV were selected from three large-scale pig farms and they were randomly divided into group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ and control group. The sows in the group Ⅰ were vaccinated with CSF spleen vaccine at a 1.5 times normal dose per pig; those in the group Ⅱ were vaccinated with CSF spleen vaccine at a 2.0 times normal dose per pig; and those in the control group were vaccinated with cell vaccine at a 4.0 times normal- dose per pig. The CSF antigens of piglets were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. [ Result] The antigen positive rate of piglets in the experimental group （18.5%） was significantly lower than that in the control group （48.1% ）. No significant difference was found be- tween the group Ⅰ and the group Ⅱ. [ Condmion] CSF spleen vaccine has good blocking effects on vertical transmission of CSFV in sows.

关键词： Classical swine fever spleen vaccine sows Vertical transmission Blocking effects

Corelation Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Mu Opioid Receptor Exon 2 and Stereotypic Behaviour in sows

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2008年第4期15卷 20-27页

作者： LI Jianhong BAO Jun CUI Weiguo College of Life Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China

Three breeds of sows were observed to investigate the relationship between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms（SNPs） in Mu Opioid Receptor（MOR）and stereotypic behaviour,such as,sham-chewing,bar biting and standing still in order to better understand the mechanism of stereotypic development of the animals in restrained *** exon 2 partial sequences were amplified to analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms by *** SNP,a silence mutant was found.A significant difference （P〈0.01）was found in the frequency of genotypes in these 3 breeds where only the BB genotype,which was identical to that published in GenBank,was found in the Duroc breed,while no AA genotype was found in Landrace,3 genotypes AA,BB and AB were found in *** result also indicated that the individuals with AA and AB genotypes tended to be more active in sham-chewing than those with the BB genotype（P〈0.05）.The overall results of this study suggested that sham-chewing of sows may be subjected to both genetic control and environmental conditions,but activity level was more likely to be affected by their *** can putatively draw the conclusion that MOR gene has effect on the sham-chewing behavioral traits of sow.

关键词： Mu Opioid Receptor(MOR) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism(SNP) stereotypic behaviour sows

Research Update on Welfare and Management of Gestating sows

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Research Update on Welfare and Management of Gestating Sows

Expression of Mucl During Implantation in sows

中国猪业科技大会暨中国畜牧兽医学会2015年学术年会

作者： Yuzhi Li West Central Research and Outreach Center University of Minnesota 46352 State Hwy 329

Sow housing is a controversial issue in the swine *** conventional confinement housing system for sows,such as gestation stalls and farrowing crates have been used in western countries for more than 30 *** the advantages of confinement sow housing systems,concerns over sow welfare due to restriction of movement have resulted in gestation stalls being banned in the European Union and several states in the *** addition,the largest pork producers,some chain restaurants and grocery stores in the *** Canada have announced to phase out gestation stalls in favor of group housing ***,group-housing systems for gestating sows present challenges of controlling individual feed intake and aggression at *** control individual feed intake,several feeding systems,such as electronic sow feeders,free access stalls,and trickle feeding systems have been developed for group-housed gestating *** feeding system has advantages and disadvantages in terms of controlling individual feed intake,efficient use of floor space,and facility *** of the type of feeding facility chosen,all group-housing systems subject sows to aggression at mixing,which compromises the welfare and performance of *** strategies to minimize aggression among sows include nutritional,social and physical *** at the University of Minnesota investigated whether these management strategies can reduce aggression among *** data indicate that group-housing systems can improve the welfare of sows only when individual feed intake of sows is controlled and aggression among sows is *** selection of a proper feeding system,such as electronic sow feeders,can help control individual feed intake so that sows can maintain desired body *** options,such as mixing sows after pregnancy confirmation,keeping sows in static groups,housing young sows separately from mature sows,and providing open stalls as hiding p

关键词： Aggression group-housing sows welfare

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Expression of Mucl During Implantation in Sows

Concentration Variations of Growth Factorsin Colostrum and Normal Milk of sows

第十五次全国动物遗传育种学术讨论会

作者： REN Qian,FU Jinlian,WANG Aiguo~* College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding Ministry of Agriculture 100193,Beijing,P.R.China

＜正＞Introduction Litter size is one of the most economically important traits in pig *** ovulation,fertilization and implantation,till the birth of piglet,every step may affect litter *** these steps,implantation is... 详细信息

关键词： RT-PCR Immunohistrochemistry Implantation endometrium Muc1 sows

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2004年第1期11卷 42-46页

作者： LIYao SHANAn-shan FENGZi-ke InstituteofAnimalNutrition.NortheastAgriculturalLniversity.HarbinHeilongJiang150030 PRC

An experiment was conducted to determine the concentration variation of epidermal growth factors(EGF), include insulin-like growth factor -Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ), transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-Ⅰ ), and basic fibroblast gr-owth factor (bFGF) in colostrum and normal milk of sows within 35 days after parturition. The results showed that the concentration of EGF, IGF-Ⅰ, TGF-β, bFGF was significantly higher in colostrum than that in normal milk. The concentration of these growth factors in colostrum was significantly decreased with the stage lapse of lactation, and then they remained stable in normal milk. Parity had a slight effect on the concentration of these growth factors.

关键词： sows colostrum normal milk EGF IGF-Ⅰ TGF-β bFGF