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Amending a tropical Arenosol:increasing shares of biochar and clay improve the nutrient sorption capacity

Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 936-958页

作者： Christine Beusch Dennis Melzer Arne Cierjacks Martin Kaupenjohann Institute of Ecology Chair of Soil ScienceTechnische Universität BerlinErnst-Reuter-Platz 110587 BerlinGermany Institute of Agricultural and Urban Ecological Projects(IASP) Affiliated to Berlin Humboldt UniversityPhilippstraße 13Haus 1610115 BerlinGermany Institute of Ecology Chair of Ecosystem Science/Plant EcologyTechnische Universität BerlinRothenburgstr.1212165 BerlinGermany Department of Landscape Development/Vegetation Technology University of Applied Sciences DresdenPillnitzer Platz 201326 DresdenGermany

Tropical Arenosols may be challenging for agricultural use,particularly in semi-arid *** aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the addition of increasing shares of biochar and clay on the nutrient sorption capacity of a tropical *** batch equilibrium experiments,the sorption of ammonium-N(NH_(4)^(+)-N),nitrate-N(NO_(3)^(−)-N),potassium(K^(+)),and phosphate-P(PO_(4)^(3−)-P)was quantified for mixtures of an Arenosol with increasing shares of biochar and clay(1%,2.5%,5%,10%,100%)and the unmixed Arenosol,biochar,and *** mid-temperature biochar was produced from Prosopis juliflora feedstock;the clayey material was taken from the sedimentary parent material of a temporarily dry *** the Arenosol-biochar mixture with 10%biochar addition and the biochar increased the NH_(4)^(+)-N maximum sorption capacity(q_(max))of the Arenosol,by 34%and 130%,*** q_(max)of PO_(4)^(3−)-P slightly increased with ascending biochar shares(1-10%)by 14%,30%,26%,and 42%,whereas the undiluted biochar released PO_(4)^(3−)-*** addition slightly reduced NO_(3)^(−)-N release from the Arenosol but strongly induced K^(+)*** the other hand,clay addition of 10%and clay itself augmented q_(max)of NH_(4)^(+)-N by 30%and 162%;ascending clay rates(1-100%)increased q_(max)for PO_(4)^(3−)-P by 78%,130%,180%,268%,and 712%.Clay rates above 5%improved K^(+)sorption;however,no q_(max)values could be *** of NO_(3)^(−)-N remained unaffected by clay ***,clay addition proved to enhance the nutrient sorption capacity of the Arenosol more effectively than biochar;nonetheless,both materials may be promising amendments to meliorate sandy soils for agricultural use in the semi-arid tropics.

关键词： Coarse-textured soils Biochar Clay Batch equilibrium experiment sorption isotherms

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Effect of Initial Concentration on Adsorption-Desorption Characteristics and Desorption Hysteresis of Hexachlorobenzene in Soils

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Pedosphere 2010年第1期20卷 104-110页

作者： GAO Hong-Jian JIANG Xin School of Resources and Environmental Science Anhui Agricultural University Hefei 230036 (China) State Key Lab of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China)

Adsorption and desorption are important processes that influence the transport, transformation, and bioavailability of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in soils. To examine the adsorption-desorption characteristics of HCB, equilibrium batch experiments were carried out using two soils (red soil and paddy soil) with different initial HCB concentrations (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.50, 2.50, 3.50, and 5.00 mg L-1 ) by using 0.01 mol L-1 calcium chloride as the background solution. The successive desorption experiments (48, 96, 144, 192, and 240 h) were conducted after each adsorption equilibrium experiment. The results revealed that adsorption and desorption isotherms of HCB on two soils were nonlinear, which can be best described by the Freundlich equation with the square of the correlation coefficient (r 2 ) ranging from 0.97 to 0.99. Desorption of HCB from the two soils exhibited hysteresis at all HCB concentrations because the Freundlich desorption coefficients were always higher than the Freundlich adsorption coefficients. The hysteretic effect was enhanced with increasing initial HCB concentration, and positive hysteresis was observed at different concentrations.

关键词： Freundlich equation sorption coefficients sorption isotherms

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Effects of Organic Matter-Rich Amendments on Selenium Mobility in Soils

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Pedosphere 2019年第6期29卷 740-751页

作者： Petra SMAZíKOVá Luká? PRAUS Jirina SZáKOVá Jana TREMLOVá Ale? HANC Pavel TLUSTOS Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition Faculty of Agrobiology Food and Natural Resources Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Soil organic matter (SOM) plays an important role in the Se dynamics in soil. The potential effects of vermicompost and digestate as important sources of SOM on selenium (Se) mobility were assessed in this study. Three soils differing in their physicochemical parameters, fluvisol, chernozem, and luvisol, were chosen, and three types of vermicomposts based on various bio-waste materials as digestate (vermicompost 1), kitchen waste with woodchips (vermicompost 2), and garden bio-waste (vermicompost 3) were used due to their high organic matter content. Additionally, digestate samples alone were applied. To evaluate the potential effect of vermicompost application on sorption characteristics of soils, batch sorption experiments were performed. The results showed a predominant effect on Se species in the soils, where selenite sorbed more intensively compared to selenate, regardless of the soil and ameliorative material applied. In the control, the soil sorption ability of selenite tended to decrease in the order: fluvisol > luvisol > chernozem. However, these differences were not significant. Moreover, the effects of the ameliorative materials depended on both soil and amendment used. In fluvisol, all the amendment applications resulted in a decrease in distribution coefficient ( K d values) of Se, whereas in chernozem, this effect was observed only for the digestate-based vermicompost 1. Increasing K d levels were reported in luvisol treated with digestate;the application of garden bio-waste-based vermicompost 3 tended to decrease the K d values. Further studies are required on long-term effects of these amendments on Se mobility in soils and the role of individual organic matter fractions in this context.

关键词： Batch sorption experiments Bio-waste material Selenite Selenate sorption isotherms Vermicompost

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The Influence of Two Natural Reinforcement Fibers on the Hygrothermal Properties of Earthen Plasters in Mogao Grottoes of China

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第12期8卷 1691-1710页

作者： Wenbei Bi Zengfeng Yan Huan Zhao Lixin Sun Xudong Wang Zhengmo Zhang School of Architecture Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055China China Academy of Building Research Beijing100044China Conservation Institute Dunhuang AcademyDunhuang736200China School of Engineering and Mechanics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Murals in Mogao Grottoes consist of three parts:support layer,earthen plasters and paint *** earthen plasters play a key role in the preservation of *** is a mixture of Dengban soil,sand,and plant *** different natural fibers,hemp fiber and cotton fiber,were reinforced to earthen plasters in the same percentage to evaluate the influence on hygrothermal *** two types of earthen plasters were studied:one containing hemp fiber in the fine plaster(HFP)and the other containing cotton fiber in the fine plaster(CFP).Specific heat capacity,dry thermal conductivity,water vapor permeability,and sorption isotherms were *** results showed that the difference between two natural fibers has much more impact on the hygric properties(water vapor permeability and sorption isotherms)of earthen plasters than on their thermal performance(specific heat capacity and dry thermal conductivity).The CFP with higher density has higher thermal conductivity than the HFP with lower *** no significant differences of specific heat capacity were *** with HFP,CFP used in murals can reduce the rate of water transfer and prevent salt from transferring water to the mural *** overall findings highlight that all these features of CFP are beneficial to the long-term preservation of mur*** study of the earthen plasters in Mogao Grottoes is of general significance,and the measured properties can be used to obtain coupled heat and moisture analysis of the earthen plasters and to dissect the degradation mechanism of murals.

关键词： Earthen plasters natural reinforced fibers hygrothermal properties dry thermal conductivity water vapor permeability sorption isotherms

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Conservation of Leaves of a Medicinal Plant of Western Algeria （Pistacia atlantica）

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2014年第2期4卷 96-106页

作者： Abdenbi Asma Touati Boumediene Bouaaza Mohammed Dennai Brahim Saad Amel Laboratory of Energetic in Arid Zones ENERGARID University of Bechar Bechar 08000 Algeria Laboratory of Ecology and Management of Natural Ecosystems University of Tlemcen Tlemcen 13000 Algeria

In our context, and in the goal to valorize the Pistacia atlantica species Desfthat grows spontaneously in Algeria occidental except the coastline, and that is used by the nomadic populations in their daily consumptions, we are thinking about drying its leaves. Here, the biochemical analysis of dried leaves ofPistacia atlantica is determined, the sorption is other ms are of great importance in the food industry, especially in the drying; the sorption isotherms of pistachio leaves were measured by the gravimetric method at three temperatures 40, 50 and 60 ℃. The equilibrium was achieved after eight days for desorption and seven days for adsorption with water activity ranging from 5% to 90%. Only the GAB and Peleg models were found to be the most suitable for describing the sorption curves. The isosteric heat of sorption of Pistacia atlantica leaves decreases with an increase in moisture content and was found to be an exponential function of moisture content for adsorption and desorption. The pistachio leaves could be considered as a rich natural source of valuable nutriments （carbohydrates, proteins and lipids）; lipid fraction is equal to 2.25%; proteins are the second macronutriment that predominates in these sheets： 4.35%; accordingly carbohydrates content was about 25.77%.

关键词： Pistacia atlantica leaves equilibrium moisture content sorption isotherms modeling isosteric heat of sorption biochemical analysis.

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