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Start-up performances of dry anaerobic mesophilic and thermophilic digestions of organic solid wastes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第4期19卷 416-420页

作者： LU Shu-guang IMAI Tsuyoshi UKITA Masao SEKINE Masahiko College of Resource and Environmental Engineering East China University of Scienee and Technology Shanghai 200237 China. Department of Civil Engineering Yamaguchi University Ube Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan

Two dry anaerobic digestions of organic solid wastes were conducted for 6 weeks in a lab-scale batch experiment for investigating the start-up performances under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. The enzymatic activities, i.e., β-glucosidase, N-α-benzoyl-Largininamide （BAA）-hydrolysing protease, urease and phosphatase activities were analysed. The BAA-hydrolysing protease activity during the first 2-3 weeks was low with low pH, but was enhanced later with the pH increase. β-Glucosidase activity showed the lowest values in weeks 1-2, and recovered with the increase of BAA-hydrolysing protease activity. Acetic acid dominated most of the total VFAs in thermophilic digestion, while propionate and butyrate dominated in mesophilic digestion. Thermophilic digestion was confirmed more feasible for achieving better performance against misbalance, especially during the start-up period in a dry anaerobic digestion process.

关键词： anaerobic digestion enzymatic activity mesophilic solid wastes thermophilic

Partial Replacement of Cement by solid wastes as New Materials for Green Sustainable Construction Applications

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Journal of Building Material Science 2021年第2期3卷 8-12页

作者： Hosam M.Saleh Abeer A.Faheim Aida A.Salman Abeer M.El-Sayed Radioisotope Department Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy Egyptian Atomic Energy AuthorityCairoEgypt Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceAl Azhar UniversityEgypt

The manufacturing of ordinary Portland cement is an energy-intensive process that results in pollution and CO2 emissions,among other *** is a need for an environmentally friendly green concrete *** products from a variety of sectors can be recycled and used as a green concrete *** decreases the environmental effects of concrete manufacturing as well as energy *** use of solid waste materials for green building is extremely important now and in the *** concrete is also in its infancy in terms of manufacturing and *** must intervene by encouraging business *** aim of this review paper is to raise awareness about the importance of repurposing recycled materials and to highlight new technologies for producing green,sustainable concrete.

关键词： Construction materials Sustainable composites Green concrete solid wastes

Effects of Fe2O3 on the properties of ceramics from steel slag

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第4期25卷 413-419页

作者： Yu Li Li-hua Zhao Ya-kun Wang Da-qiang Cang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China China Electronics Standardization Institute Number 1 An-Dingmeng East Road Beijing 100007 China

Ferric oxide is one of the key factors affecting both the microstructure and the properties of CaO-MgO-SiO2-based ceramics. Research on this effect is significant in the utilization of iron-rich solid wastes in ceramics. Ceramic samples with various Fe2O3 contents（0 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt%） were prepared and the corresponding physical properties and microstructure were studied. The results indicated that Fe2O3 not only played a fluxing role, but also promoted the formation of crystals. Ceramics with 5 wt% of Fe2O3 addition attained the best mechanical properties with a flexural strength of 132.9 MPa. Iron ions were dissolved into diopside, consequently causing phase transformation from diopside and protoenstatite to augite, thereby contributing to the enhancement of its properties. An excess amount of Fe2O3 addition（10 wt% or more） resulted in deteriorated properties due to the generation of an excess volume of liquid and the formation of high-porosity structures within ceramics.

关键词： solid wastes ceramics ferric oxide fluxing role augite phase transformation

One-Step Synthesis of Magnetic Zeolite from Zinc Slag and Circulating Fluidized Bed Fly Ash for Degradation of Dye Wastewater

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第4期8卷 405-416页

作者： Zhichao Han Yaojun Zhang Panyang He College of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055China

In this study,a magnetic P zeolite was directly synthesized by utilization of industrial solid wastes of zinc slag(ZS)and circulating fluidized bed fly ash(CFBFA)via one-step hydrothermal *** effects of different CFBFA/ZS ratios and hydrothermal times on the as-synthesized zeolite were *** X-ray diffraction(XRD)and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)results indicated that the magnetic P zeolite possessed well-defined crystals and *** as-prepared zeolite was employed as a Fenton-like solid catalyst for degradation of direct green B dye *** was discovered that the magnetic P zeolite took the advantage of rapid separation and efficient recovery under the external magnets in a solid-liquid *** effects of the solution pH,the catalyst dosage,and the H_(2)O_(2)concentration on the degradation rate of direct green B dye wastewater were studied *** results showed that the highest degradation of 96.3%was obtained and the magnetic P zeolite showed excellent stability after four ***,the magnetic P zeolite derived from industrial solid wastes had a potential application in wastewater treatment.

关键词： Magnetic zeolite solid wastes Fenton-like reaction dye degradation

Energy recovery of solid waste disposal in Russia,State of the Art and operation experience

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2020年第4期2卷 265-273页

作者： Georgy Ryabov Andrey Tugov All-Russia Thermal Engineering Institute MoscowRussia

For Russia,there is no alternative way of a civilized solution to the problem of municipal solid wastes(MSW):through combustion(energy utilization)to complex *** government of the Russian Federation in 2017 adopted some decisions aimed at thermal processing of *** order defines the construction of renewable energy facilities on the basis of MSW with a total electric capacity of 280 MW in Moscow region and one object with an electric capacity of 55 MW in the Republic of *** Russia,only three plants where the energy potential of MSW is converted into electricity were *** results of the operation experience of fluidized bed furnaces for MSW incineration at Rudnevo plant in Russia are *** main problems were connected with ash properties,deposit formation,and corrosion of superheater ***,the data of mathematical modeling of dynamic behavior near gas burners,chemical composition and material balance of solids,and the influence of secondary air injection on NOx formation are given.A special test rig was designed for the investigation of the corrosion ***,the main corrosion factors(temperature of the tube surface,rates of O_(2),HCl,SO_(2),and H_(2)O in flue gas,contains chloride and alkali metals in deposits)were found during the *** of energy recovery from waste incineration of pulp and paper mill plants is *** attention is paid to improv-ing the efficiency of waste incineration and bed particle *** experiments were carried out to optimize the bed drain flow *** influence of secondary air supply improvement on mixing with the main flow and boiler efficiency is ***-empirical three-zone method of engineering heat calculations for fluidized bed furnaces of biomass boilers was proposed to predict both the value of outlet furnace temperature and the value of fluidized bed *** method based on empirical values and relationships of the share of heat releas

关键词： solid wastes Energy recovery Fluidized bed Agglomeration Deposit formation Corrosion Heat and mass balance

Characterization of dolochar wastes generated by the sponge iron industry

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第11期19卷 992-1003页

作者： Ranjan Kumar Dwari Danda Srinivas Rao Akhila Kumar Swar Palli Sita Ram Reddy Barada Kanta Mishra CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology Odisha State Pollution Control Board

solid wastes generated by the metallurgical industry contribute significantly towards the enhancement of environmental pollution. The handling, utilization, and safe disposal of these solid wastes are major concerns for the world. Dolochar is such a solid waste generated by the sponge iron industry. Investigations were carried out on the physical, mineralogical, and chemical characteristics for the efficient utilization of dolochar. The detailed studies on physico-chemical properties and petrography were carded out by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Characterization studies revealed that the dolochar consists of quartz （free as well as locked）, free lime, Fe particles, and Ca or Mg and/or Ca＋Mg＋Fe oxide phases. The washability data of-300 ~m dolochar samples indicated that clean coal with 41wt% ash at 18% yield can be produced from dolochar with 78wt% ash. The studies further suggested that the liberation of the dolochar is hard to achieve for clear separation. The dolochar is observed to have high ash fusion temperature and the un- burned carbon can be best utilized for power generation.

关键词： solid wastes sponge iron dolochar characterization mineralogy trace elements

Recent advances in waste-derived functional materials for wastewater remediation

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Eco-Environment & Health 2022年第2期1卷 86-104页

作者： Zhijie Chen Wei Wei Hong Chen Bing-Jie Ni Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW2007Australia State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of MaterialsSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Water pollution is a major concern for public health and a sustainable *** is urgent to purify wastewater with effective methods to ensure a clean water *** wastewater remediation techniques rely heavily on functional materials,and cost-effective materials are thus highly *** great environmental and economic significance,developing waste-derived materials for wastewater remediation has undergone explosive growth ***,the applications of waste(e.g.,biowastes,electronic wastes,and industrial wastes)-derived materials for wastewater purification are comprehensively *** strategies for turning wastes into functional materials are firstly summarized,including pyrolysis and combustion,hydrothermal synthesis,sol–gel method,co-precipitation,and ball ***,critical experimental parameters within different design strategies are ***,recent applications of waste-derived functional materials in adsorption,photocatalytic degradation,electrochemical treatment,and advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)are *** mainly focus on the development of efficient functional materials via regulating the internal and external characteristics of waste-derived materials,and the material’s property-performance correlation is also ***,the key future perspectives in the field of waste-derived materials-driven water remediation are highlighted.

关键词： Wastewater remediation solid wastes Waste-derived materials Adsorption Advanced oxidation processes Catalytic degradation