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Impacts of oak deforestation and rainfed cultivation on soil redistribution processes across hillslopes using ^(137)Cs techniques

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第3期8卷 425-438页

作者： Shamsollah Ayoubi Nafiseh Sadeghi Farideh Abbaszadeh Afshar Mohammad Reza Abdi Mojtaba Zeraatpisheh Jesus Rodrigo-Comino Department of soil Science College of AgricultureIsfahan University of TechnologyIsfahan 84156-83111Iran Department of soil Science College of AgricultureUniversity of JiroftKermanIran Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of IsfahanIsfahan 81747-73441Iran Henan Key Laboratory of Earth System Observation and Modeling Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China College of Environment and Planning Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Department of Physical Geography University of TrierTrierGermany soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group Department of GeographyUniversitat de ValènciaValenciaSpain

Background:As one of the main components of land-use change,deforestation is considered the greatest threat to global environmental diversity with possible irreversible environmental ***,one example could be the impacts of land-use changes from oak forests into agricultural ecosystems,which may have detrimental impacts on soil mobilization across ***,to date,scarce studies are assessing these impacts at different slope positions and soil depths,shedding light on key geomorphological ***:In this research,the Caesium-137(^(137)Cs)technique was applied to evaluate soil redistribution and soil erosion rates due to the effects of these above-mentioned land-use *** achieve this goal,we select a representative area in the Lordegan district,central Iran.^(137)Cs depth distribution profiles were established in four different hillslope positions after converting natural oak forests to rainfed *** each hillslope,soil samples from three depths(0–10,10–20,and 20–50 cm)and in four different slope positions(summit,shoulder,backslope,and footslope)were taken in three transects of about 20m away from each *** activity of ^(137)Cs was determined in all the soil samples(72 soil samples)by a gamma *** addition,some physicochemical properties and the magnetic susceptibility(MS)of soil samples were ***:Erosion rates reached 51.1 t·ha^(−1)·yr^(−1) in rainfed farming,whereas in the natural forest,the erosion rate was 9.3 t·ha^(−1)·yr^(−1).Magnetic susceptibility was considerably lower in the cultivated land(χhf=43.5×10^(−8)m^(3)·kg^(−1))than in the natural forest(χhf=55.1×10^(−8)m^(3)·kg^(−1)).The lower soil erosion rate in the natural forest land indicated significantly higher MS in all landform positions except at the summit one,compared to that in the rainfed farming *** shoulder and summit positions were the most erodible hillslope positions in the natural forest and rainfed farming,res

关键词： Land-use change soil redistribution Topographical changes Radionuclide Rainfed farming Deforestation

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Determining soil redistribution in Dian Lake catchment by combined use of caesium-137 and selected chemical properties

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Ecological Economy 2009年第1期5卷 91-100页

作者： Zhang Mingli Yang Hao Xu Congan Wang Yihong College of Geography Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210046 P. R： China

Recent development in the use of the environmental radionuclide caesium-137 for documenting rates and soil redistribution on the cultivated or uncultivated land and estimating rates of sediment deposition on represents an important advance that overcomes many of the limitations of the conventional techniques commonly applied in such investigations. A study on soil redistribution （including soil erosion and deposition） was carried out in the Dian Lake catchment, Yunnan Province, using ^137Cs and selected chemical properties. The average soil erosion rate was 1,280.2 t km^2 yr^-1. soil erosion rate occurring on different parts of the slope was significantly different on different parts of the slope, *** the top. the bottom to the middle slope. The average soil erosion rate is also different with the land use type and that of the cultivated land （1, 672. 8 t km^-2 yr^-1） is higher than oJ the uncultivated land （1.161.2t km^-2 yr^-1 ）. The result shows that landform, slope gradient and land use type are key factors that influence the size of soil erosion. In addition, we also find the SOC and TN contents and amount of the soil erosion to be correlated in the soil. With the soil erosion occurring, there are land degradation and the local eco-environmental problems, such as water eutrophication in Dian Lake.

关键词： ^137 - Cs SOC TN soil redistribution Dian Lake catchment

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Prospects of sediment deposition at small watershed scale in the black soil region of Northeast China: A mini review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 30-35页

作者： Guanghui ZHANG Yang YANG Yingna LIU Zhiqiang WANG State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Geography Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Sediment deposition is one of the most significant processes in small watersheds characterized by gentle long hillslopes in the black soil(Mollisol)region of Northeast China, as indicated by severe ephemeral gully and gully erosion on hillslopes and very low sediment concentrations in river *** reviews have been conducted to summarize the related research in this region. The objectives of this review were to identify the potential factors influencing sediment deposition, review related studies, and propose future research needs in the black soil region of Northeast China. Sediment deposition is controlled by the deficit between sediment transport capacity of flow and sediment load. Hence, all factors affecting flow transport capacity and sediment load directly affect sediment deposition. For a specific small watershed, the change in slope gradient along the flow path is the key factor affecting sediment deposition. Shelterbelts, ridge tillage systems, terraces, grass strips, road distribution, ponds and reservoirs, and land-use patterns also influence the spatial distribution and rate of deposition. The trace method has been widely used to quantify sediment deposition in this region. The results of cesium-137(^(137)Cs),lead-210(^(210)Pb), and magnetic susceptibility reveal that serious deposition occurs on the back and foot slopes. Distinct deposition occurs in front of contour shelterbelts. Future studies should focus on the methodology, spatial and temporal variations, dominant influencing factors and their mechanisms, and the potential effects on land productivity within specific small watersheds and across the black soil region. This review provides insights into the sediment deposition process in small watersheds characterized by gentle, long hillslopes.

关键词： Mollisol sedimentation soil and water conservation soil erosion soil redistribution

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soil Enzyme Activities on Eroded Slopes in the Sichuan Basin, China

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Pedosphere 2015年第4期25卷 489-500页

作者： NIE Xiaojun ZHANG Jianhui GAO Han Land Research Integrated Monitoring and Sustainable Utilization in Central China Field Science Observation & Research Base of the Ministry of Land and Resources of China School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences

Determining how soil erosion affects enzyme activity may enhance our understanding of soil degradation on eroded agricultural landscapes. This study assessed the changes in enzyme activity with slope position and erosion type by selecting water and tillage erosion-dominated slopes and performing analyses using the 1376s technique. The 137Cs data revealed that soil loss occurred in the upper section of the two eroded slope types, while soil accumulation occurred in the lower section. The invertase activity increased downslope and exhibited a pattern similar to the 137Cs data. The spatial patterns of urease and alkaline phosphatase activities were similar to the 137Cs inventories on the water and tillage erosion-dominated slopes, respectively. On both the eroded slope types, the invertase activity and soil organic carbon content were correlated, but no correlation was observed between the alkaline phosphatase activity and total phosphorus content. Nevertheless, the urease activity was correlated with the total nitrogen content only on the water erosion-dominated slopes. The enzyme activity-to-microbial biomass carbon ratios indicated high activities of invertase and urease but low activity of phosphatase on the water erosion-dominated slopes compared with the tillage erosion-dominated slopes. Both the invertase activity and the invertase activity-to-microbial biomass carbon ratio varied with the slope position. Changes in the urease activity-to-microbial biomass carbon ratio were significantly affected by the erosion type. These suggested that the dynamics of the invertase activity were linked to soil redistribution on the two eroded slope types, whereas the dynamics of the urease and alkaline phosphatase activities were associated with soil redistribution only on the water or tillage erosion-dominated slopes, respectively. The erosion type had an obvious effect on the activities of invertase, urease and alkaline phosphatase. soil redistribution might influence the in

关键词： 137Cs technique microbial biomass C N cycle P cycle soil organic C soil redistribution tillage erosion water erosion

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Upscaling the use of fallout radionuclides in soil erosion and sediment budget investigations:Addressing the challenge

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2014年第3期2卷 1-21页

作者： D.E.Walling P.Porto Y.Zhang P.Du Geography College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterDevonEX44RJUK Dipartimento di Agraria Universitàdegli Studi MediterraneaReggio CalabriaItaly Pendeford House WolverhamptonWV95APUK International Research and Training Center in Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES) Beijing 100048China

The application of fallout radionuclides in soil erosion investigations and related sediment budget studies has provided a widely used tool for improving understanding of soil erosion and sediment transfer ***,most studies using fallout radionuclides undertaken to date have focussed on small *** focus on small areas reflects both the issues addressed and practical constraints associated with sample collection and *** acceptance of the important role of fine sediment in degrading aquatic habitats and in the transfer and fate of nutrients and contaminants within terrestrial and fluvial systems has emphasised the need to consider larger areas and the catchment or regional *** need to upscale existing approaches to the use of fallout radionuclides to larger areas represents an important *** contribution provides a brief review of existing and potential approaches to upscaling the use of fallout radionuclides and presents two examples where such approaches have been successfully *** involve a national scale assessment of soil erosion rates in England and Wales based on 137Cs measurements and an investigation of the sediment budgets of three small/intermediate-size catchments in southern Italy.

关键词： Fallout radionuclides Caesium-137 soil erosion soil redistribution Upscaling Catchment-scale National scale Sediment budget

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Modeling Sediment Yields in A Small Gully of the Sichuan Hilly Basin Using Geowepp Model

Modeling Sediment Yields in A Small Gully of the Sichuan Hil...

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2012 National Conference on Information Technology and Computer Science

作者： Zheng Jinjun School of Resources and Environment University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu,China,611731 Hong Chao School of Resources and Environment University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu,China,611731

The spatial pattern of soil erosion and deposition on catchment scale are predicted by the GeoWEPP model in a small catchment of the Sichuan Hilly *** estimated sediment delivery per unit area and sediment delivery ratio are 2760 t km2 yr-1 and 0.485,*** with the results derived by the second soil erosion survey based on remote sensing,the results by the GeoWEPP model are *** to the spatial pattern of sediments simulated by the GeoWEPP,the slight soil erosion rates for the wood land and patter show that the woodland have good soil and water conservation benefit than cultivated *** the same time,the GeoWEPP are useful tool to establish effective policy for comprehensive treatment of small catchment in view of the soil erosion and deposition could be estimated on time-scale and spatial-scale by the GeoWEPP.

关键词： component The GeoWEPP model model simulation soil redistribution the Sichuan Hilly Basin

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