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soil physical quality as influenced by long-term fertilizer management under an intensive cropping system

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2009年第1期2卷 19-27页

作者： Du Zhangliu Liu Shufu Xiao Xiaoping Yang Guangli Ren Tusheng Department of soil and Water Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province Changsha 410125China

In China’s major rice(Oryza sativa L.)production regions,the traditional fertilization modes are challenged by the continued decrease in manure and increase in mineral ***,limited information exists on the influences of long-term fertilizer management on soil organic carbon(SOC)and soil physical properties under the intensive rice production system in southern *** objective of this study was to characterize the changes of soil physical properties as related to mineral fertilizer,crop residues,and manure application based on a long-term field *** experiment,initiated in 1986,has five treatments:unfertilized,mineral fertilizer alone,rice residues plus mineral fertilizer,low manure rate plus mineral fertilizer,and high manure rate plus mineral *** cropping system consists of barley(Hordaum vulgare L.),early rice,and late rice,three crops in a *** May 2006,after barley harvest,soil samples were collected from the 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm layers to determine SOC concentration,aggregate size distribution,bulk density(rb),saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks),and soil water characteristic curves(SWCC).The results indicated that manure significantly reducedrb,increased SOC concentration,soil aggregation,Ks,transmission and storage porosity,as well as water retention *** application of crop residue and mineral fertilizer also improved soil physical properties,but the improvement by mineral fertilizer alone was *** analysis demonstrated that S,the slope of the SWCC at its inflection point,was closely associated with the selected physical parameters,suggesting S was an effective parameter for soil physical quality ***,in applying the S-theory,a unified approach to define the residual water content should be considered.

关键词： Mineral fertilizer crop residue manure soil physical quality soil water characteristic curve S-theory

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Hydraulic energy indices reveal spatial dependence in a subtropical soil under maize crop in Southern Brazil

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Pedosphere 2021年第5期31卷 771-782页

作者： Maria Eliza TUREK Robson Andre ARMINDO Ole WENDROTH Graduate Program of Environmental Engineering(PPGEA) Federal University of Paraná(UFPR)Curitiba 81531980(Brazil) Department of Physics(DFI) Federal University of Lavras(UFLA)Mailbox 3037Lavras 37200900(Brazil) Department of Plant&soil Sciences University of Kentucky(UK)Lexington 40546-0091(USA)

soil physical quality(SPQ)assessment is an important part in the evaluation of soil use,management,and *** can be assessed using several physical properties,hydraulic indices,and *** from tropical and temperate regions represent different physical behaviors,and the quantification of their physical properties is important to support soil evaluation and *** objective of this study was to evaluate the SPQ in a subtropical field under maize crop cultivation according to its physical properties,hydraulic indices,and functions in an attempt to infer the spatial variability and to determine the behavior of soil physical structure across a spatial *** used soil key physical variables,such as texture,bulk density,total porosity,saturated hydraulic conductivity,and organic carbon content,were measured in a regular grid with a soil sampling density of 30 points per hectare,covering an area of0.5 *** hydraulic conductivity varied strongly between subsamples and in the field,suggesting the heterogeneity of the soil structure regarding water *** physical variables were combined with other indicators,which were based on the soil water retention curve and the pore size distribution(PSD)*** analysis was performed to verify the relationship between the measured and calculated variables,and some strong linear correlations were revealed,such as between aeration energy index and microporosity(r=0.608)and water retention energy index with microporosity(r=0.532)and with bulk density(r=0.541).For most sampled locations,the shape and location parameters of PSD showed results outside of the optimum ranges,whereas the hydraulic energy indices and cumulative hydraulic energy functions presented values that were similar to those found for some tropical soils described in the *** spatial variability of these indices was described using semivariograms and kriged maps,indicating the variability of the SPQ i

关键词： geostatistics integral energy pore size distribution soil physical indicators soil physical quality soil water retention curve

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Ecological intensification of cropping systems enhances soil functions,mitigates soil erosion,and promotes crop resilience to dry spells in the Brazilian Cerrado

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第4期9卷 591-604页

作者： Lucas de Castro Moreira da Silva Junior Cesar Avanzi Devison Souza Peixoto Marina Neves Merlo Emerson Borghi Alvaro Vilela de Resende Salvador Francisco Acuna-Guzman Bruno Montoani Silva Department of soil Science Federal University of Lavras(UFLA)37200-900LavrasMGBrazil Department of Water Resources Federal University of Lavras(UFLA)37200-900LavrasMGBrazil Embrapa Maize and Sorghum Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation(EMBRAPA)PO Box:28535701-970Sete LagoasMGBrazil Department of Physics Federal University of Lavras(UFLA)37200-900LavrasMGBrazil Center for Engineering and Industrial Development(CIDESI) Pie de la Cuesta 702Desarrollo San PabloQuerétaroQro.76125Mexico

Water scarcity threatens global food security and agricultural systems are challenged to achieve high yields while optimizing water *** deficit can be accentuated by soil physical degradation,which also triggers water losses through runoff and consequently soil *** soil health in cropping systems within the Brazilian Cerrado biome have been surveyed throughout the years,information about soil erosion impacts and its mitigation are still not well understood;especially concerning the role of cropping system diversification and its effects on crop ***,the aim of this study was to assess whether ecological intensification of cropping systems-inclusion of a consorted perennial grass and crop rotation-could promote soil coverage and consequently decrease water erosion and soil,water,and nutrient *** work studied the effects of crop rotation and consorted Brachiaria,along with different levels of investment in fertilization on soil physical quality and on soil,water,and nutrient losses,and crop *** proved that soybean monoculture(SS)is a system of low sustainability even under no-till in the Brazilian Cerrado *** exhibited high susceptibility to soil,water,and nutrient losses,causing low crop *** results showed that water losses in SS cropping system were approximately 10%of the total annual rainfall,and total K losses would require an additional 35%of K ***,ecological intensification of cropping systems resulted in enhanced soil environmental and agronomic functions,increased grain yield,and promoted soil and water conservation:high soil cover rate,and low soil,water and nutrient *** intensification proved to be an adequate practice to boost crop resilience to water deficit in the Brazilian Cerrado.

关键词： Crop rotation Grain production Nutrient losses soil physical quality Tropical region

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