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第一届国际计算机与计算技术在农业中的应用研讨会

作者： Jianying Sun Minzan Li Lihua Zheng Ning Tang Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research China Agricultural UniversityMinistry of Education

The grey-brown alluvial soil is a typical soil in the Northern China.It was selected as research object to reveal feasibility and possibility of real-time analyzing soil parameter with NIR spectroscopic techniques.150 samples were collected from a winter wheat farm.And then the NIR absorbance spectra were rapidly measured under the original conditions by a Nicolet Antaris FT-NIR analyzer.Three soil parameters,soil moisture,SOM,TN content,were analyzed.For soil moisture content,a linear regression model was available,using 1920 nm of wavelength with correlation coefficient of0.937,So that the results obtained could be directly used to real time evaluate soil moisture.SOM content and TN content were estimated with a multiple linear regression model,1870 nm and 1378 nm wavelengths were selected in the SOM estimated model,while 2262 nm and 1888 nm wavelengths were selected in the TN estimated model.The results showed that soil SOM and TN content could be evaluated by using NIR absorbance spectra of soil samples.

关键词： NIR spectroscopy chemometrics soil moisture soil organic matter soil total nitrogen

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Nutrients Available and Stable Carbon from Archaeological Black Earth

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2021年第11期12卷 873-886页

作者： Antônio Roberto de Oliveira Meireles Vanda Porpino Lemos Orivan Maria Marques Teixeira Kelly das Graças Fernandes Dantas Dantas Marcelly Christian Galvão Rodrigues Machado Milena Carvalho de Moraes School Tenente Rego Barros Bel&eacute m Brazil College of Chemistry Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences Federal University of Par&aacute Bel&eacute m Brazil soil and Plant Laboratory Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Bel&eacute m Brazil Coordination of Earth Sciences and Ecology Emílio Goeldi Museum of Par&aacute Bel&eacute m Brazil

The present study aims affinity between available concentrations of phosphorus, micronutrients (Cu, Zn and Mn) and stable carbon (SC) in archaeological black earth (ABE) from area “Ilha de Terra”/Caxiuanã—Pará. The relevance of this study refers especially to the determination of carbon concentrations (total, oxidable and semi-labile carbon) directly associated with those of pyrogenic carbon, common in ABE, which should add their contributions to the understanding of soil organic matter recalcitrance. Chemical properties such as CEC and base saturation were determined for ABE and subjacent Latossoil. The available concentrations of nutrients were performed from sequential extraction F1 to F5 phases. Phosphorus was obtained by spectrophotometric method and micronutrients by MP-AES. TOC was determined by the combustion method;stable carbon was obtained from thermoxidation method CTO-375. The following results were obtained from ABE: CEC effective = 21 to 28 (cmolc·L-1);base saturation = 58% to 69%;Carbon concentrations (%): TOC = 2.95 to 3.94;SC = 0.25 to 0.88;semi-labile carbon = 1.75 to 3.63;oxidable = 2.11 to 3.65;inorganic carbon 0.01 to 0.38;P2O5 concentrations (mg·kg-1) in the ABE phases F3 (Fe-Mn oxides, F4 (organic ) and F5 (residual)) in the following order: 35 to 65;200 to 400;140 to 230. It was concluded that the chemical properties in ABE from Ilha de Terra site fall within the range of fertile and the high concentrations of phosphorus are biogenic origin. Phases F3 and F4 are those considered nutrient stocks from ABE studied area.

关键词： Pyrogenic Carbon Oxidable Carbon Phosphorus Micronutrients soil organic matter

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Variation of Physical and Chemical Properties of soils under Different Cropping Systems in the Watershed of Kpocomey, Southern Benin

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Open Journal of soil Science 2020年第11期10卷 501-517页

作者： Alladassi Félix Kouelo Alohoutade Finagnon Mathieu Avakoudjo Julien Akplo Tobi Moriaque Agodo Lambert Agonvinon Mahugnon Socrate Houngnandan Pascal Azontonde Hessou Anastase Amadji Guillaume Lucien Saïdou Aliou Laboratory of soil Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Faculty of Agronomic Sciences of University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Laboratory of Applied Ecology Faculty of Agronomic Sciences of University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Laboratory of Research in Population and Development Sciences University of Parakou Parakou Benin soil Water and Environmental Sciences Laboratory National Institute of Agricultural Research of Benin Abomey-Calavi Benin Research Unit of Eco-Pedology Laboratory of Soil Sciences Faculty of Agronomic Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Integrated soil and Crop Management Research Unit Laboratory of Soil Sciences Faculty of Agronomic Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

soils degradation is one of the constraints in food security achievement in Benin. This study aimed at assessing the effect of cropping systems and slope on soil physical and chemical properties in the watershed of Kpacomey located in the Aplahoué district. soil samples were collected from three parallel transects along the slope. Sampling was carried out under different treatments combining cropping systems (Maize-Cassava, pure Palm grove, Palm grove-Maize-Cassava and Teak Plantation) along with slope levels (low slope, medium slope and high slope degree). The impact of cropping systems and slope on soil properties was assessed by determining the physical and chemical parameters. The cropping systems significantly (p soil bulk density, root biomass, soil acidity and soil organic matter. The lowest soil bulk density (1.38 g/cm3) was recorded under the Palm grove-Maize-Cassava cropping system while the highest (1.47 g/cm3) was obtained with pure Palm grove cropping system. Root biomass was more abundant (0.28%) with the pure Palm grove cropping system. However, root biomass was significantly (p soil crusting resulted in no significant influence (p > 0.05) on the effect of cropping systems and slope. Moreover, cropping systems resulted in significant effects (p soil organic matter and soil-assimilated phosphorus content were significantly influenced by the effect of the slope. These findings indicated that cropping systems and slope are significant drivers in soil degradation in the Kpacomey watershed and bringing out cropping systems that best aim at soil conservation.

关键词： Cropping Systems soil organic matter soil Degradation Benin

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Relation of soil organic carbon to climate and site variables in China

Relation of soil organic carbon to climate and site variable...

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科学技术引领现代农业发展——安徽现代农业博士科技论坛

作者： DAI Wan-hong~1,HUANG Yao~2 (1.Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000 2.Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029)

With a total of 886 data sets obtained from the 2nd National soil Survey of China that was completed in early 1980s,the relation of soil organic carbon(SOC) concentration to climate and site variables(soil order,texture,altitude,acidity/alkalinity and land use) in zonal soils of China was investigated.Correlation analysis indicates that surface SOC concentration is in general negatively correlated with annual mean temperature (T) and positively correlated with annual mean precipitation(P) and altitude(H).SOC concentration was also generally correlated significantly with the selected site variables(soil order,texture,altitude,acidity/alkalinity and land use) and the correlation was stronger in uh-cultivated soils than in cultivated soils.A further investigation suggested that multiple regression models with different combination of T,P and H could explain 41.5%～56.2%of the variability in surface SOC concentration for different geographical regions,while the driving variables are different. Variables of T and P determined surface SOM concentration in northern,northeastern and northwestern China.In eastern and southern China, variables of P and H are key factors regulating surface SOC concentration.Surface SOC concentration in southwestern China is determined by a linear combination of T,P and H.The ANOVA factorial model estimated that the contribution of site variables to the variation of SOC concentration was 24.7%in cultivated soils,48.5%in un-cultivated soils.

关键词： soil organic matter climate altitude site variables zonal soil

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长期规律耕作土壤腐殖物质的高磁场核磁共振研究

长期规律耕作土壤腐殖物质的高磁场核磁共振研究

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第九届全国波谱学学术会议

作者：罗湘宁 E．W．RANDALL 青海省测试计算中心 Dept.of Chemistry Queen Mary & Westfield College

土壤腐殖物质是土壤有机物质的主要组成部分,在改善土壤团粒结构,提高和保持土壤肥力,影响环境质量等方面有着显著的作用。近年来,利用核磁共振对土壤腐殖物质的化学性质进行研究成为土壤研究的热点.高强度磁场核磁共振波谱技术和多维... 详细信息

土壤腐殖物质是土壤有机物质的主要组成部分,在改善土壤团粒结构,提高和保持土壤肥力,影响环境质量等方面有着显著的作用。近年来,利用核磁共振对土壤腐殖物质的化学性质进行研究成为土壤研究的热点.高强度磁场核磁共振波谱技术和多维谱技术的发展,及和拟制溶剂峰技术的联合应用,为更有效地利用氢核磁共振研究土壤中的腐殖物质提供了新锲机。本研究选用英国Rothamsted Experiment Station(长达140多年的有计划有规律的田问管理)不同耕作模式试验区的土壤,利用稀碱提取土壤中的腐殖物质,并在磁场强度为14.7 T的条件下得到了分辨率很高的一维和二维H核磁共振谱图。根据一维谱图,粗略探讨了土壤腐殖物质的化学基团组成,及不同耕作模式对土壤腐殖质化学基团构成的影响;根据二维谱图,探讨了部分土壤腐殖质化学基团之间的联系.

关键词： soil organic matter High Magnetic Field NMR Long-term regular tilled field

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