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Effect of Sustainable Land Management Practices on the soil erodibility at the Plateau of Abomey (Centre of Benin)

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Open Journal of soil Science 2022年第7期12卷 323-337页

作者： Kouelo Alladassi Félix Medezo Arnaud Akplo Tobi Moriaque Houenou Saïdi Avakoudjo Julien Agodo Lambert Dotonhoue Coffi Fulgence Gbèwommindéa Sogbegnon Ahowanou Roméo Amadji Firmin Zoundji Mahougnon Carmelle Charlotte Houngnandan Pascal Djedje Mélanie Laboratory of soil Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Faculty of Agronomic Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (LMSEM/FSA/UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Laboratory of Applied Ecology Faculty of Agronomic Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (LEA/FSA/UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin soil Protection and Rehabilitation Project to Improve Food Security (ProSOL/GIZ) Parakou Benin Sol Consult Africa (SolCA) Abomey Benin Laboratory of Plant Horticultural and Forestry Sciences National University of Agriculture (LSVHF/UNA) Kétou Benin

The soils of Benin in general and those of the department of Zou, in particular, are highly degraded. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sustainable land management practices on soil erodibility in two villages in the Plateau of Abomey. soil samples were collected on plots under Sustainable Land Management (SLM) measures (direct seeding, maize residue management and soybean-cereal rotation) and on their adjacent control. The soil samples were prepared and analyzed in laboratory to determine variables such as soil permeability, organic matter content, and particle size. soil erodibility was determined as proposed by Wischmeier & Smith. The effect of SLM practices was significant (0.02) on soil permeability. On plots under SLM measurements, soil permeability is higher with an average of 93.97 mm/h at Folly and 82.43 mm/h at Hanagbo. SLM measurements significantly (0.04) added organic matter to the soil. The average organic matter of the plots under SLM measures in Folly varies from 0.73% to 1.39% while it varies from 0.49% to 0.73% in the control plots. In Hanagbo, the average organic matter of the plots under SLM measures varies from 1.86% to 2.48% against 1.41% to 1.66% for the control plots. Regarding soil erodibility, it was found that the influence of SLM measures is significant in both villages. In villages, direct seeding and maize residue management significantly (0.008) reduced soil erodibility compared to their adjacent controls, while the soybean-cereal rotation measure increased soil erodibility compared to plot witnesses. The average soil erodibility of plots under SLM measures varies by 0.21 t⋅h/Mj⋅mm at 0.38 t⋅h/Mj⋅mm in the village of Hanagbo and 0.25 t⋅h/Mj⋅mm at 0.38 t⋅h/Mj⋅mm in the village of Folly. It varies from 0.24 t⋅h/Mj⋅mm at 0.28 t⋅h/Mj⋅mm for the control plots at Hanagbo and 0.31 t⋅h/Mj⋅mm at 0.37 t⋅h/Mj⋅mm in Folly. These practices can therefore be used for the sustainable use of agricultural

关键词： Water Erosion Cropping Systems Sustainable Land Uses soil erodibility Centre of Benin

A review of soil erodibility in water and wind erosion research

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2005年第2期15卷 167-176页

作者： SONGYang LIULianyou YANPing CAOTong CollegeofResourcesScienceandTechnology KeyLaboratoryofEnvironmentalChangeandNaturalDisaster theMinistryofEducationofChinaBeijingNormalUniversityBeijing100875China

soil erodibility is an important index to evaluate the soil sensitivity to erosion. The research on soil erodibility is a crucial tache in understanding the mechanism of soil erosion. soil erodibility can be evaluated by measuring soil physiochemical properties, scouring experiment, simulated rainfall experiment, plot experiment and wind tunnel experiment. We can use soil erosion model and nomogram to calculate soil erodibility. Many soil erodibility indices and formulae have been put forward. soil erodibility is a complex concept, it is influenced by many factors, such as soil properties and human activities. Several obstacles restrict the research of soil erodibility. Firstly, the research on soil erodibility is mainly focused on farmland; Secondly, soil erodibility in different areas cannot be compared sufficiently; and thirdly, the research on soil erodibility in water-wind erosion is very scarce. In the prospective research, we should improve method to measure and calculate soil erodibility, strengthen the research on the mechanism of soil erodibility, and conduct research on soil erodibility by both water and wind agents.

关键词： soil erosion soil erodibility measurement calculation mechanism

Establishment and Application of soil erodibility Index Based on Energy

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2015年第4期6卷 33-34页

作者： Zhao Tieming Hua Wenbao Liu Guanglian Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geologecal Sciences

By a simulated rainfall and runoff scouring test with typical corrosive soils in main water erosion regions of China, the erosion processes of soil were analyzed from the energy point of view, and a new soil erodibility indicator was proposed. The results show that there is a good relation- ship between the rate of sediment yield and energy consumption of slope runoff, and the erodibility coefficients of four soils are stable, being shown as follows 〉 loess 〉 black soil 〉 purple soil 〉 red soil.

关键词： Scouring experiment soil erosion soil erodibility China

Wind erodibility indices of aeolian sandy soils impacted by different vegetation restoration:a case study from the Shannan valley of the Yarlung Zangbo River

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第10期19卷 2830-2845页

作者： ZHANG Bao-jun XIONG Dong-hong LIU Lin TANG Yong-fa Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYa'an 625014China

Controlling aeolian desertification is a key ecological target on the Tibetan Plateau,especially within the widespread river valleys.Vegetation recovery can change the near-soil surface characteristics,which thus may influence wind erodibility of soils.However,these potential effects are not sufficiently evaluated for aeolian sandy soils.This study selected the Shannan valley of the Yarlung Zangbo River on the southern Tibetan Plateau as a case to investigate the variations in wind erodibility of aeolian sandy soils impacted by different vegetation restoration,since many ecological measures have been implemented in recent decades in the river valley.Eight vegetated sandy lands with different restoration types and ages and two bare sandy lands(as controls)were chosen as test sites.Four vegetated sandy lands were covered by Artemisia wellbyi,Hedysarum scoparium,Sophora moorcroftiana,and Populus L.with the similar restoration age of 10 years.For Sophora moorcroftiana and Populus L.communities,two restoration ages of 6 and over 30 years were also selected respectively.Wind erodibility was reflected by wind erodible fraction(EF),mean weight diameter of dry aggregates(MWD),capillary water capacity(CWC),soil cohesion(CS),and soil penetration resistance(PR)from different aspects.A comprehensive wind erodibility index(CWEI)was further produced by a weighted summation method to combine those five indices together and comprehensively quantify the effects of vegetation restoration on wind erodibility of aeolian sandy soils.The results showed that revegetation was efficient to reduce wind erodibility of aeolian sandy soils.EF generally decreased,while MWD,CWC,CS,and PR increased after vegetation restoration on the aeolian sandy lands.The CWEI of vegetated sandy lands varied greatly from 0.850 to 0 under different restoration types and ages and decreased by 14.4%to 100%compared to the control.Under the four different restoration types,Populus L.had the relatively minimum CWEI,followed by Artemisia wellbyi,Sophora moorcroftiana

关键词： Wind erosion soil erodibility Erodible fraction Vegetation type Ecological restoration Yarlung Zangbo River valley

Organic manure input and straw cover improved the community structure of nitrogen cycle function microorganism driven by water erosion

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第1期10卷 129-142页

作者： Yulong Shi Qingwen Zhang Xingren Liu Xuekai Jing Chang Shi Li Zheng Agricultural Clean Watershed Resewarch Group Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in AgricultureChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China

Water erosion process induces differences to the nitrogen(N)functional microbial community structure,which is the driving force to key N processes at soil-water interface.However,how the soil N trans-formations associated with water erosion is affected by microorganisms,and how the microbial respond,are still unclear.The objective of this study is to investigate the changes of microbial diversity and community structure of the N-cycle function microorganisms as affected by water erosion under application of organic manure and straw cover.On the basis of iso-nitrogen substitution,four treatments were set up:1)only chemical fertilizer with N 150 kg ha^(-1),P2O560 kg ha^(-1) and K2O 90 kg ha^(-1)(CK);the N was substituted 20%by 2)organic manure(OM);3)straw(SW);and 4)organic manure+straw(1:1)(OMSW).The results showed that applying organic manure and straw to sloping farmland can increase soil N contents,but reduce runoff depth,Kw,sediment yield and N loss,especially in the OMSW.Straw cover and straw+organic manure increased the diversity(Chao1)of nitrifier(AOB),and both diversity and uniformity(Shannon)of denitrifier(nirK/S)were increased in the OMSW.All erosion control mea-sures reduced N-fixing bacteria diversity and increased their uniformity,and the combined application of organic manure and straw cover was a better erosion control measure than the single application of them.Improved soil chemistry and erodibility were the main drives for the changes of N-functional microbial community structure and the appearance of dominant bacteria with different organic materials.

关键词： Water erosion soil erodibility Organic amendment Nitrifier Denitrifier N-fixing bacteria

Characterizing incipient motion of low fines content soils with varying compositions, water contents, and relative densities

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第6期37卷 847-856页

作者： Mahsa Ghazian Arabi Ali Farhadzadeh Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Stony Brook University

Laboratory flume experiments were conducted to quantify the effects of the soil characteristics on the critical shear stress of low fines content soil samples collected from the Montauk shores in New York. The collected soils were reconstituted at five different fines contents, ranging between 0 and 20%. These soil mixtures were composed of two initial water contents, dry of optimum and optimum moistures, and two relative densities, one moderate dense and the other dense. The strength indices of the soils, including the effective cohesion and effective angle of internal friction, were measured using the consolidated undrained(CU) triaxial test. The initiation of erosion tests was conducted on the soil mixtures under a unidirectional steady current condition. The near-bed flow velocity, at the onset of erosion, was used to determine the critical velocity and shear stress for each soil sample. The results indicate that the critical shear stress increases with the fines content and effective cohesion. The soils with the optimum initial water contents demonstrate a higher erosion resistance than those with the initial water contents dry of optimum. The higher relative density appears to overshadow the effects of the fines content such that the critical shear stress of the denser soils remains relatively insensitive to the soil composition. The denser soils compacted at the optimum initial water content show the highest resistance against erosion.The critical Shields parameter is modified to include the fines content, relative density, and initial water content.

关键词： soil erodibility Sediment transport Critical shear stress Initiation of motion

soil erosion on the Brazilian sugarcane cropping system:An overview

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Geography and Sustainability 2022年第2期3卷 129-138页

作者： Edivaldo L.Thomaz Francieli S.Marcatto Valdemir Antoneli soil Erosion Laboratory Department of GeographyUniversidade Estadual do Centro-OesteUnicentroGuarapuavaParanáBrazil Department of Geography Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste-UNICENTROIratiParanáBrazil

Sugarcane(Saccharum officinarum)is an important crop for generating fiber,biofuel and other bioproducts.Brazil is the largest sugarcane producer in the world;however,limited knowledge is available with respect to soil erosion in the sugarcane cropping system.This study reviews the soil erosion rates in sugarcane cropping and evaluates the effects of soil management and land conversion on soil erosion.Eighteen studies(using conventional tillage)reporting 43 outcomes of soil erosion rates were examined using the Scopus®database.Different methods were used to measure soil erosion yielded different soil loss rates;highest values were recorded in the natural rain method,i.e.,experimental plots with a median of 28 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1),were obtained followed by modeling with 9.3 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1)and simulated rain with 2 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1).The median soil loss using all data(n=43)obtained by the three methods was 7.2 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1).The soil type increases soil erosion;the sugarcane cropping system is practiced over the most erodible Brazilian soils(e.g.,Ultisols and Oxisols)where sand fraction is dominant,particularly fine sand.Most studies focused on rainsplash and interrill erosion.However,rill,ephemeral and permanent gullies should be examined,particularly in sugarcane-cropping areas.

关键词： Tropical soils soil erodibility Conservation agriculture soil security Sustainability

Forest soil conservation based on eco-service provision unit method and its value in Anji County,Huzhou,Zhejiang,China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 405-415页

作者： Biao Zhang Ji-xi Gao Gao-di Xie Chun-xia Lu Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Science Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Environmental Protection

We propose an eco-service provision unit method for estimating the benefit and spatial differences of forests in controlling soil erosion.A total of 197 eco-service provision units were grouped on 1424.43 km2 of forest according to differences in vegetation,slope,soil,and rainfall.The amount of soil conservation and its economic value were estimated.The forests in Anji County prevent4.08 9 105 tons of soil from eroding annually,thereby avoiding 1.36 9 104 tons of nutrient loss（on-site cost） and preventing 149 tons of nutritive elements from entering water systems（off-site cost）.From an economic perspective,the soil nutrient conservation in the forests of Anji County generated an annual benefit of 43.37 million RMB（Chinese Currency,6.20 RMB = US$1）.On average,each hectare of ecological forest contributed up to 436 RMB annually because of soil conservation.Ecological complexes with higher rainfall intensity,such as broadleaf forest and red soil on slope gradients [25°,contributed the highest soil conservation benefits.This study identified and quantified the dominant contributors and magnitudes of soil conservation provided by forests.This information can benefit decision making regarding differentiated ecological compensation policies.

关键词： soil erosion and conservation Eco-service provision unit（ESPU） Rainfall erosivity soil erodibility Universal soil Loss Equation（USLE）

Effects of freeze-thaw on soil erosion processes and sediment selectivity under simulated rainfall

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第2期9卷 234-243页

作者： WANG Tian LI Peng REN Zongping XU Guoce LI Zhanbin YANG Yuanyuan TANG Shanshan YAO Jingwei State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area Xi’an University of Technology State Key Laboratory of soil Erosion and Dry-land Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationChinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources

The freeze-thaw （FT） processes affect an area of 46.3% in China. It is essential for soil and water conservation and ecological construction to elucidate the mechanisms of the FF processes and its associated soil erosion processes. In this research, we designed the control simulation experiments to promote the understanding of FT-water combined erosion processes. The results showed that the runoff of freeze-thaw slope （FTS） decreased by 8% compared to the control slope （CS）, and the total sediment yield of the FTS was 1.10 times that of the CS. The sediment yield rate from the FTS was significantly greater than that from the CS after 9 min of runoff （P〈0.01）. Both in FTS and CS treatments, the relationships between cumulative runoff and sediment yield can be fitted well with power functions （R2〉0.98, P〈0.01）. Significant differences in the mean weight diameter （MWD） values of particles were between the CS and the FTS treatments in the erosion were smaller than those under FTS for both washed and observed for washed particles and splashed particles process （P〈0.05）. The mean MWD values under CS splashed particles. The ratio of the absolute value of a regression coefficient between the CS and the FTS was 1.15, being roughly correspondent with the ratio of K between the two treatments. Therefore, the parameter a of the power function between cumulative runoff and sediment yield could be an acceptable indicator for expressing the soil erodibility. In conclusion, the FTS exhibited an increase in soil erosion compared to the CS.

关键词： freeze-thaw erosion loess soil soil erodibility runoff sediment size-selectivity rainfall simulation