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soil temperature estimation at different depths,using remotely-sensed data

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第1期19卷 277-290页

作者： HUANG Ran HUANG Jian-xi ZHANG Chao MA Hong-yuan ZHUO Wen CHEN Ying-yi ZHU De-hai Qingling WU Lamin R.MANSARAY College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing for Agri-hazardsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agricultural Land QualityMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083P.R.China College of Information&Electrical Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083P.R.China Department of Geography University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Agro-meteorology and Geo-informatics Magbosi LandWater and Environment Research Centre(MLWERC)Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute(SLARI)Freetown PMB 1313Sierra Leone

soil temperatures at different depths down the soil profile are important agro-meteorological indicators which are necessary for ecological modeling and precision agricultural activities. In this paper, using time series of soil temperature(ST) measured at different depths(0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 cm) at agro-meteorological stations in northern China as reference data, ST was estimated from land surface temperature(LST) and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) derived from AQUA/TERRA MODIS data, and solar declination(Ds) in univariate and multivariate linear regression models. Results showed that when daytime LST is used as predictor, the coefficient of determination(R^2) values decrease from the 0 cm layer to the 40 cm layer. Additionally, with the use of nighttime LST as predictor, the R^2 values were relatively higher at 5, 10 and 15 cm depths than those at 0, 20 and 40 cm depths. It is further observed that the multiple linear regression models for soil temperature estimation outperform the univariate linear regression models based on the root mean squared errors(RMSEs) and R^2. These results have demonstrated the potential of MODIS data in tandem with the Ds parameter for soil temperature estimation at the upper layers of the soil profile where plant roots grow in. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt at the synergistic use of LST, NDVI and Ds for soil temperature estimation at different depths of the upper layers of the soil profile, representing a significant contribution to soil remote sensing.

关键词： soil temperature land surface temperature normalized difference vegetation index solar declination

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soil temperature Dependent Growth of Cotton Seedlings Before Emergence

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Pedosphere 2008年第1期18卷 54-59页

作者： G.NABI C.E.MULLINS Land Resources Research Program National Agricultural Research CentrePark RoadIslamabad45500 (Pakistan) Department of Plant and soil Science Cruickshank BuildingUniversity of AberdeenAB24 3UU (UK)

soil temperature is an important variable governing plant growth and development. Studies were conducted under laboratory conditions to determine the effect of soil temperature on root and shoot growth of cotton during emergence. Cotton seedlings were grown for 192 h at 20, 32 and 38℃ in soil packed in 300 mm long and 50 mm diameter cylinders. The data indicated that the longest roots （173 ram） as well as shoots （152 mm） were recorded at 32℃ followed by 20 （130 mm root and 82 mm shoot） and 38℃ （86 mm root and 50 mm shoot）. Roots grown at 20 and 38 ℃ were 20% and 50% shorter, respectively, than those grown at 32℃ after 192 h. Roots and shoots exhibited the lowest length and dry biomass at 38 ℃. Shoot lengths grown at 20 （74 mm） and 38℃（51 mm） were 44% and 61% shorter than those grown at 32℃（131 mm） after 180 h growth period, respectively. Growth at all three temperatures followed a similar pattern. Initially there was a linear growth phase followed by the reduction or cessation of growth. Time to cessation of growth varied with temperature and decreased faster at higher temperatures. Sowing of cotton should be accomplished before seedbed reaches a soil temperature （≥ 38 ℃） detrimental for emergence. Further, the seedbeds should be capable of providing sufficient moisture and essential nutrients for emerging seedling before its seed reserves are exhausted to enhance seedling establishment in soil.

关键词： linear growth root/shoot elongation soil temperature

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soil CO_2 flux in relation to dissolved organic carbon,soil temperature and moisture in a subtropical arable soil of China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第5期15卷 715-720页

作者： LOUYun-sheng LIZhong-pei ZHANGTao-lin CollegeofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentalSciences NanjingAgriculturalUniversityNanjing210095China InstituteofsoilScience ChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008China

soil CO 2 emission from an arable soil was measured by closed chamber method to quantify year round soil flux and to develop an equation to predict flux using soil temperature, dissolved organic carbon(DOC) and soil moisture content. soil CO 2 flux, soil temperature, DOC and soil moisture content were determined on selected days during the experiment from August 1999 to July 2000, at the Ecological Station of Red soil, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in a subtropical region of China. soil CO 2 fluxes were generally higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring, and had a seasonal pattern more similar to soil temperature and DOC than soil moisture. The estimation was 2 23 kgCO 2/(m 2·a) for average annual soil CO 2 flux. Regressed separately, the reasons for soil flux variability were 86 6% from soil temperature, 58 8% from DOC, and 26 3% from soil moisture, respectively. Regressed jointly, a multiple equation was developed by the above three variables that explained approximately 85 2% of the flux variance, however by stepwise regression, soil temperature was the dominant affecting soil flux. Based on the exponential equation developed from soil temperature, the predicted annual flux was 2 49 kgCO 2/(m 2·a), and essentially equal to the measured one. It is suggested the exponential relationship between soil flux and soil temperature could be used for accurately predicting soil CO 2 flux from arable soil in subtropical regions of China.

关键词： soil CO 2 flux soil temperature DOC soil moisture arable soil

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Alternate row mulching optimizes soil temperature and water conditions and improves wheat yield in dryland farming

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第11期17卷 2558-2569页

作者： YAN Qiu-yan DONG Fei LOU Ge YANG Feng LU Jin-xiu LI Feng ZHANG Jian-cheng LI Jun-hui DUAN Zeng-qiang Institute of Wheat Research Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering Columbia University Department of Earth System Science University of California State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences

Straw mulching allows for effective water storage in dryland wheat production. Finding a suitable straw mulching model that facilitates wheat growth was the objective of this study. A 2-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of two straw mulching patterns （FM, full coverage within all the rows; HM, half coverage within alternate rows） and two mulching rates （4.5 and 9.0 t ha^-1） on soil moisture, soil temperature, grain yield, and water use efficiency （WUE） of winter wheat in northern China, with no mulching （M0） as the control. Results showed that mulching increased the soil water storage in all growth stages under high mulching rates, with a stronger effect in later growth stages. Water storage under the HM model was greater in later stages than under the FM model. soil water content of HM groups was higher than that of FM groups, especially in surface soil layers. Evapotranspiration decreased in mulched groups and was higher under high mulching rates. Aboveground biomass during each growth stage under the HM model was higher than that under M0 and FM models with the same mulched rate, leading to a relatively higher grain yield under the HM model. Mulching increased WUE, a trend that was more obvious under HM9.0 treatment. Warming effect of soil temperature under the HM pattern persisted longer than under the FM model with the same mulching rates. Accumulated soil temperature under mulched treatments increased, and the period of negative soil temperature decreased by 9-12 days under FM and by 10-20 days under HM. Thus, the HM pattern with 9.0 t ha^-1 mulching rate is beneficial for both soil temperature and water content management and can contribute to high yields and high WUE for wheat production in China.

关键词： mulching pattern winter wheat soil temperature grain yield water use efficiency

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Understanding the soil temperature Variability at Different Depths:Effects of Surface Air temperature,Snow Cover,and the soil Memory

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第3期38卷 493-503页

作者： Haoxin ZHANG Naiming YUAN Zhuguo MA Yu HUANG Key Laboratory of Regional−Climate Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratory for Climate and Ocean−Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

The soil temperature(ST)is closely related to the surface air temperature(AT),but their coupling may be affected by other *** this study,significant effects of the AT on the underlying ST were found,and the time taken to propagate downward to 320 cm can be up to 10 *** the AT,the ST is also affected by memory effects-namely,its prior thermal *** deeper depth(i.e.,320 cm),the effects of the AT from a particular season may be exceeded by the soil memory effects from the last *** shallower layers(i.e.,<80 cm),the effects of the AT may be blocked by the snow cover,resulting in a poorly synchronous correlation between the AT and the *** northeastern China,this snow cover blockage mainly occurs in winter and then vanishes in the subsequent *** to the thermal insulation effect of the snow cover,the winter ST at layers above 80 cm in northeastern China were found to continue to increase even during the recent global warming hiatus *** findings may be instructive for better understanding ST variations,as well as land−atmosphere interactions.

关键词： soil temperature surface air temperature soil memory snow cover nonlinear causality analysis

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Evaluating the Capabilities of soil Enthalpy, soil Moisture and soil temperature in Predicting Seasonal Precipitation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第4期35卷 445-456页

作者： Changyu ZHAO Haishan CHEN Shanlei SUN Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education (KLME)/International Joint Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST) School of Atmospheric Science Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST)

soil enthalpy （H） contains the combined effects of both soil moisture （w） and soil temperature （T） in the land surface hydrothermal process. In this study, the sensitivities of H to w and T are investigated using the multi-linear regression method. Results indicate that T generally makes positive contributions to H, while w exhibits different （positive or negative） impacts due to soil ice effects. For example, w negatively contributes to H if soil contains more ice; however, after soil ice melts, w exerts positive contributions. In particular, due to lower w interannual variabilities in the deep soil layer （i.e., the fifth layer）, H is more sensitive to T than to w. Moreover, to compare the potential capabilities of H, w and T in precipitation （P） prediction, the Huanghe-Huaihe Basin （HHB） and Southeast China （SEC）, with similar sensitivities of H to w and T, are selected. Analyses show that, despite similar spatial distributions of H-P and T-P correlation coefficients, the former values are always higher than the latter ones. Furthermore, H provides the most effective signals for P prediction over HHB and SEC, i.e., a significant leading correlation between May H and early summer （June） P. In summary, H, which integrates the effects of T and w as an independent variable, has greater capabilities in monitoring land surface heating and improving seasonal P prediction relative to individual land surface factors （e.g., T and w）.

关键词： seasonal precipitation prediction land surface process soil enthalpy soil moisture soil temperature

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Film-mulched continuous ridge-furrow planting improves soil temperature,nutrient content and enzymatic activity in a winter oilseed rape field,Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第3期10卷 362-374页

作者： GU Xiaobo LI Yuannong DU Yadan Key Laboratory of Agricultural soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education Northwest A&F University

Film mulching system is a widely employed agricultural practice worldwide. However, the effects of different planting and mulching patterns on soil nutrient content and enzymatic activity have not been well documented. In this study, we examined the impact of four planting and mulching patterns（including control, flat planting without mulching; M1, flat planting with film mulching; M2, ridge-furrow planting with film mulching on both ridges and furrows; and M3, ridge-furrow planting with film mulching on continuous ridges） on the seed yield of winter oilseed rape, soil moisture, soil temperature, soil organic carbon（SOC） content, soil nutrient content, and soil enzymatic activity over three growing seasons from 2012 to 2015 in a winter oilseed rape field in the semi-arid area of Northwest China. Seed yield of winter oilseed rape, soil moisture, soil temperature, enzymatic activities, and contents of nitrate-nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were all significantly higher in mulching treatments（M1, M2 and M3） than in control treatment over the three growing seasons, whereas SOC content was significantly lower in mulching treatments than in control treatment during 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. Among the three mulching treatments（M1, M2 and M3）, the M3 treatment showed consistently higher seed yield, SOC content, nutrient contents, and enzymatic activities than the other two treatments. Seed yield of winter oilseed rape was 41.1% and 15.0% higher in M3 than in M1 and M2, respectively. SOC content and soil enzymatic activities in the top 0–20 cm soil layers and nitrate-nitrogen content in the top 0–30 cm soil layers were all significantly higher in M3 than in M1 and M2. Therefore, we advise the ridge-furrow planting with film mulching on continuous ridges（i.e., M3） as an efficient planting and mulching pattern for sustainably improving the seed yield of winter oilseed rape and preserving soil fertility in the semi-arid area of Northwest China.

关键词： film mulching soil temperature soil organic carbon soil nutrient content soil enzymatic activity winteroilseed rape Northwest China

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Interactive effects of soil temperature and moisture on soil N mineralization in a Stipa krylovii grassland in Inner Mongolia, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第5期6卷 571-580页

作者： Yue LI YingHui LIU YaLin WANG Lei NIU Xia XU YuQiang TIAN State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Beijing Normal University College of Resources Science and Technology Beijing Normal University

Determining soil N mineralization response to soil temperature and moisture changes is challenging in the field due to complicated effects from other factors. In the laboratory, N mineralization is highly dependent on temperature, moisture and sample size. In this study, a laboratory incubation experiment was carefully designed and conducted under controlled conditions to examine the effects of soil temperature and moisture on soil N mineralization using soil samples obtained from the Stipa krylovii grassland in Inner Mongolia, China. Five temperature（i.e. 9℃, 14℃, 22℃, 30℃ and 40℃） and five moisture levels（i.e. 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% WHC, where WHC is the soil water holding capacity） were included in a full-factorial design. During the 71-day incubation period, microbial biomass carbon（MBC）, ammonium nitrogen（NH4 ^＋-N） and nitrate nitrogen（NO3^--N） were measured approximately every 18 days; soil basal respiration for qCO2 index was measured once every 2 days（once a week near the end of the incubation period）. The results showed that the mineral N production and net N mineralization rates were positively correlated with temperature; the strongest correlation was observed for temperatures between 30℃ and 40℃. The relationships between moisture levels and both the mineral N production and net N mineralization rates were quadratic. The interaction between soil temperature and moisture was significant on N mineralization, i.e. increasing temperatures（moisture） enhanced the sensitivity of N mineralization to moisture（temperature）. Our results also showed a positive correlation between the net nitrification rate and temperature, while the correlation between the NH4 ^＋-N content and temperature was insignificant. The net nitrification rate was negatively correlated with high NH4 ^＋-N contents at 80%–100% WHC, suggesting an active denitrification in moist conditions. Moreover, qCO2 index was positively correlated with temperature, especially at 80% WHC. With a low net

关键词： soil N mineralization soil temperature soil moisture Stipa krylovii grassland

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Predicting and delineating soil temperature regimes of China using pedotransfer function

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第9期22卷 2882-2892页

作者： BAO Wan-kui LEI Qiu-liang JIANG Zhuo-dong SUN Fu-jun ZHANG Tian-peng HU Ning WANG Qiu-bing College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866P.R.China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 10081P.R.China School of Food and Biological Engineering Hezhou UniversityHezhou 542899P.R.China

soil temperature regime(STR)is important for soil classification and land ***,STR is delineated by estimating the mean annual soil temperature at a depth of 50 cm(MAST50)according to the Chinese soil Taxonomy(CST).However,delineating the STR of China remains a challenge due to the difficulties in accurately estimating *** objectives of this study were to explore environmental factors that influence the spatial variation of MAST50 and generate an STR map for *** temperature measurements at 40 and 80 cm depth were collected from 386 National Meteorological Stations in China during 1971–*** MAST50 was calculated as the average mean annual soil temperature(MAST)from 1971–2000 between 40 and 80 cm *** addition,2048 mean annual air temperature(MAAT)measurements from 1971 to 2000 were collected from the National Meteorological Stations across China.A zonal pedotransfer function(PTF)was developed based on the ensemble linear regression kriging model to predict the MAST50 in three topographic steps of *** results showed that MAAT was the most important variable related to the variation of *** zonal PTF was evaluated with a 10%validation dataset with a mean absolute error(MAE)of 0.66°C and root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.78°C,which were smaller than the unified model with MAE of 0.83°C and RMSE of 0.96°C,*** study demonstrated that the zonal PTF helped improve the accuracy of the predicted MAST50 *** on the prediction results,an STR map across China was generated to provide a consistent scientific base for the improvement and application of CST and land use support.

关键词： soil temperature soil temperature regimes soil Taxonomy pedotransfer function

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Influence of mulch and poultry manure application on soil temperature,evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of dry season cultivated okra

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第2期11卷 382-392页

作者： Mutiu Abolanle Busarit Ganiyu Olawale Bankole Idris Adebanjo Adiamo Rasaq Olayiwola Abiodun Olanrewaju Hammed Ologunde Department of soil Science and Land Management Federal University of AgricultureAbeokutaPM.B2240AbeokutaNigeria

Sustainable vegetable production especially during the dry season requires adequate conservation of soil *** study was conducted to evaluate the sole and interactive effects of mulching(M)and poultry manure(PM)application on soil temperature(ST),crop evapotranspiration(ETc)and water use efficiency(WUE)of *** experiment was a Randomized Complete Block Design(RCBD)with three *** treatments were M at 0 and 6t ha^(-1)and PM at 0,10 and 20t ha^(-1).soil temperature was measured using digital thermometer while ETc was determined by water depletion method using a Time Domain *** at field capacity was applied manually at 2-day *** appli-cation of mulch significantly lowered ST while joint application of 20t ha^(-1)PM(PM20)and M signifi-cantly(p≤0.05)reduced ST at 5 cm and 10 cm soil depth compared with the unmulched plots in both *** of 10t ha^(-1)PM(PM10)without M recorded the highest ETc(43.7 mm),while joint application of PM20 and M reduced ETc by about 93%compared with PM10 *** used water most efficiently when PM20 was applied under mulched *** was 62.2%increase in WUE under mulched plots compared with the control while the residual effect of PM10 and M significantly increased WUE by 65.5%.It was evident that M alongside application of PM is a good strategy for regulating ST,moderating ETc and increasing okra WUE,especially during dry season farming.

关键词： Evapotranspiration soil temperature Volumetric water content Water depletion method Water use efficiency

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