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Bugs beneath the surface： the functional significance of soil macroinvertebrates to landscape health in Australia＇s tropical savannas

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Insect Science 2005年第4期12卷 307-312页

作者： TRACY ZOE DAWES-GROMADZKI CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems and Tropical Savannas Cooperative Research Centre Australia

soil macroinvertebrates play an important role in sustaining production and biodiversity in Australia＇ s tropical savannas. For example, termites, through their foraging and nesting activities, recycle nutrients and carbon and produce soil pores that facilitate water infiltration. The challenge ahead is to quantitatively understand the relationships and processes that drive this. What roles do different species and functional groups of macroinvertebrates play in various landscape processes？ What are the effects of different land management practices （e.g., domestic cattle grazing, fire） on these relationships, and the consequences for landscape health？ This paper presents preliminary results from studies in northern Australia, that examine the effects of land condition and domestic cattle grazing on soil macroinvertebrates, and the potential for termites to be used as a tool to restore soil function in degraded areas. In northern Australia, increased degradation seems to be associated with declines in the diversity and activity of macroinvertebrates. Termites appear to be one of the most resilient groups, with some species capable of maintaining activity in degraded landscapes.

关键词： Australia landscape health land management soil function soil macroinvertebrates tropical savanna

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soil Macrofaunal Communities are Heterogeneous in Heathlands with Different Grazing Intensity

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Pedosphere 2015年第4期25卷 524-533页

作者： Jean-Franois PONGE Sandrine SALMON Amélie BENOIST Jean-Jacques GEOFFROY Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle CNRS UMR 7179 4 avenue du Petit Chteau 91800 Brunoy (France) Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle CNRS UMR 7204 4 avenue du Petit Chteau 91800 Brunoy (France)

Moderate grazing by cattle increases the heterogeneity of soil and vegetation. This has been suggested as an ecologically sustainable mean of managing natural environments endangered by tree encroachment, such as heathlands. Our study was performed to test the impact of grazing intensity on soil macroinvertebrate communities in heterogeneous landscapes in a private property eligible to the Natura 2000 European Network of Special Protection Areas within the Brenne Natural Regional Park （Indre, ~rance）. We sampled macroinvertebrates along a broken line crossing 5 different land-use types, from pasture to pine forest, passing through a besom heath （Erica scoparia） heathland at 3 levels of cattle pressure. We hypothesized that： i） litter-dwelling （mostly arthropods and mollusks） and soil-dwelling macroinvertebrates （mostly earthworms） would respond in an opposite manner to various grazing intensities, and ii） intermediate cattle pressure （pastured heath） would increase soil and community heterogeneity. The results supported the first hypothesis, which was explained by land-use impacts mediated by soil properties. However, our results supported only partly the second hypothesis since maximum dissimilarity （whether in the composition of soil macroinvertebrate communities or in soil features） was observed in only one out of the two pastured heaths where cattle pressure was intermediate.

关键词： besom heath cattle grazing heterogeneity land-use types soil macroinvertebrates

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