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soft open point Planning in Renewable-dominated Distribution Grids with Building Thermal Storage

CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第1期9卷 244-253页

作者： Tiance Zhang Jianxiao Wang Haiwang Zhong Gengyin Li Ming Zhou Dejie Zhao School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China. Dept.of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

With an increasing integration of intermittent distributed energy resources(DERs),the consequent voltage excursion and thermal overloading issues limit the self-sufficiency of distribution networks(DNs).The concept of soft open point(SOP)has been proposed as a promising solution to improve the hosting capacity of DNs.In this paper,considering the ability of building thermal storage(BTS)to increase the penetration of renewable energy in DNs,we provide an optimal planning framework for SOP and DER.The optimal planning model is aimed at minimizing the investment and operational costs while respecting various constraints,including the self-sufficiency requirement of the DN,SOP,building thermal storage capacity and DER operations,etc.A steady-state SOP model is formulated and linearized to be incorporated into the planning framework.To make full use of the BTS flexibility provided by ubiquitous buildings,a differential equation model for building thermal dynamics is formulated.A hybrid stochastic/robust optimization approach is adopted to depict the uncertainties in renewable energy and market prices.IEEE 33-bus feeder and a realistic DN in the metropolitan area of Caracas are tested to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework and method.Case studies show that SOP/BTS plays a complementary and coordinated coupling role in the thermo-electric system,thereby effectively improving the hosting capacity and self-sufficiency of DNs.

关键词： Building thermal storage distributed generation planning soft open point thermos-electric system

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Optimal Scheduling for Flexible Regional Integrated Energy Systemwith soft open point

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第5期131卷 1101-1123页

作者： Wen Xu Dongdong Ren Biyi Yi Haoqing Zhen Youbing Zhang Xuesong Zhang Zhejiang Huayun Electric Power Engineering Design&Consulting Co. Ltd.Hangzhou310026China College of Information Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310023China Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Company Hangzhou310014China

The Regional Integrated Energy System(RIES)has brought new modes of development,utilization,conversion,storage of energy.The introduction of soft open point(SOP)and the application of Power to Gas(P2G)technology will greatly deepen the coupling of the electricity-gas integrated energy system,improve the flexibility and safety of the operation of the power system,and bring a deal of benefits to the power system.On this background,an optimal dispatch model of RIES combined cold,heat,gas and electricity with SOP is proposed.Firstly,RIES architecture with SOP and P2G is designed and its mathematical model also is built.Secondly,on the basis of considering the optimal scheduling of combined cold,heat,gas and electricity,the optimal scheduling model for RIES was established.After that,the original model is transformed into a mixed-integer second-order cone programming model by using linearization and second-order cone relaxation techniques,and the CPLEX solver is invoked to solve the optimization problem.Finally,the modified IEEE 33-bus systemis used to analyze the benefits of SOP,P2G technology and lithium bromide absorption chillers in reducing systemnetwork loss and cost,as well as improving the system’s ability to absorb wind and solar and operating safety.

关键词： Regional integrated energy system power to gas soft open point wind and photovoltaic power permeation lithium bromide chiller operating cost

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Reconfiguration of Active Distribution Networks Equipped with soft open points Considering Protection Constraints

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第1期11卷 212-222页

作者： Ali Azizi Behrooz Vahidi Amin Foroughi Nematollahi Department of Electrical Engineering of the Amirkabir University of Tech‐nology TehranIran

The purpose of active distribution networks(ADNs)is to provide effective control approaches for enhancing the operation of distribution networks(DNs)and greater accommodation of distributed generation(DG)sources.With the integration of DG sources into DNs,several operational problems have drawn attention such as overvoltage and power flow alteration issues.These problems can be dealt with by utilizing distribution network reconfiguration(DNR)and soft open points(SOPs).An SOP is a power electronic device capable of accurately controlling active and reactive power flows.Another significant aspect often overlooked is the coordination of protection devices needed to keep the network safe from damage.When implementing DNR and SOPs in real DNs,protection constraints must be considered.This paper presents an ADN reconfiguration approach that includes DG sources,SOPs,and protection devices.This approach selects the ideal configuration,DG output,and SOP placement and control by employing particle swarm optimization(PSO)to minimize power loss while ensuring the correct operation of protection devices under normal and fault conditions.The proposed approach explicitly formulates constraints on network operation,protection coordination,DG size,and SOP size.Finally,the proposed approach is evaluated using the standard IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus networks to demonstrate the validity.

关键词： Distributed generation network reconfiguration protection system soft open point

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