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Juvenile hormone induces reproduction via miR-1175-3p in the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta

Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 371-386页

作者： Jie Chen Ziying Guan Yunjie Ma Qingxing Shi Ting Chen Muhammad Irfan WarisLihua Lyu Lihua Lyu Yongyue Lu Guojun Qi Institute of Plant Protection Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant ProtectionGuangzhouChina Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina

Juvenile hormone(JH)acts in the regulation of caste differentiation between queens and workers(i.e.,with or without reproductive capacity)during vitellin synthesis and oogenesis in social insects.However,the regulatory mechanisms have not yet been elucidated.Here,we identified a highly expressed microRNA(miRNA),miR-1175-3p,in the red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta.We found that miR-1175-3p is prominently present in the fat bodies and ovaries of workers.Furthermore,miR-1175-3p interacts with its target gene,broad-complex core(Br-C),in the fat bodies.By utilizing miR-1175-3p agomir,we successfully suppressed the expression of the Br-C protein in queens,resulting in reduced vitellogenin expression,fewer eggs,and poorly developed ovaries.Conversely,decreasing miR-1175-3p levels led to the increased expression of Br-C and vitellogenin in workers,triggering the“re-development”of the ovaries.Moreover,when queens were fed with JH,the expression of miR-1175-3p decreased,whereas the expression of vitellogenin-2 and vitellogenin-3 increased.Notably,the suppression of fertility in queens caused by treatment with agomir miR-1175-3p was completely rescued by the increased vitellogenin expression induced by being fed with JH.These results suggest the critical role of miR-1175-3p in JH-regulated reproduction,shedding light on the molecular mechanism underlying miRNA-mediated fecundity in social insects and providing a novel strategy for managing S.invicta.

关键词： juvenile hormone miR-1175-3p red imported fire ant reproduction social insects vitellogenin

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social buffer or avoidance depends on the similarity of stress between queen ants

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Current Zoology 2023年第2期69卷 181-191页

作者： Iago Sanmartin-Villar Universidade de Vigo ECOEVO LabEscola de Enxenaria ForestalCampus Universitario A Xunqueira36005 PontevedraGalizaSpain

The association of unrelated ant queens(pleometrosis)is supposed to improve nest foundation and competitiveness under environmental stress,but its evolutionary maintenance is difficult to explain because only one of the queens survives after nest foundation.My aim was to test the potential effect of queen association as a social buffer,that is,as a mechanism reducing stress and improving fitness due to the benefits of social contact.I analyzed the survival,fecundity,and behavior of isolated and paired Lasius flavus queens exposed and not exposed to stressors(disturbing environmental conditions).I found no difference in survivorship between isolated and paired queens or between stressed and unstressed isolated queens.Groups in which 1 or 2 paired queens were stressed showed higher mortality.Unstressed queens died similarly to their stressed nestmates,suggesting stress transmission.A trend suggested that paired queens produced eggs more quickly,but eggs were produced similarly between isolated and paired queens.social avoidance was observed in groups with 1 stressed and 1 unstressed queen.However,the groups with 2 stressed queens showed the expected behaviors according to social buffering:lower mobility and more interindividual inspection.My findings suggest the synergistic effect of pleometrosis and stress and the dependence of stress level similarity between nestmates on social buffering or rejection on ant queens.

关键词： fitness haplometrosis population pressure reproductive strategy social insects

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The value of spatial experience and group size for ant colonies in direct competition

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Insect Science 2023年第1期30卷 241-250页

作者： Aziz Subach Bar Avidov Arik Dorfman Darar Bega Tomer Gilad Mark Kvetny May Hershkovitz Reshef Susanne Foitzik Inon Scharf School of Zoology George S.Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv/srael Department of Geophysics Faculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainzGermany

Animals often search for food more efficiently with experience.However,the contribution of experience toforaging success under direct competition has rarelybeen examined.Here we used colonies of an individually foraging desert ant to investigate the value of spatial experience.First,we trained worker groups of equal numbers to solve either a complex or a simple maze.We then tested pairs of both groups against one another in reaching a food reward.This task required solving the same complex maze that one of the groups had been trained in,to determine which group would exploit better the food reward.The worker groups previously trained in the complex mazes reached the food reward faster and more of these workers fed on the food than those trained in simple mazes,but only in the intermediate size group.To determine the relative importance of group size versus spatial experience in exploiting food patches,we then tested smaller trained worker groups against larger untrained ones.The larger groups outcompeted the smaller ones,despite the latter's advantage of spatial experience.The contribution of spatial experience,as found here,appears to be small,and depends on group size:an advantage of a few workers of the untrained group over the trained group negates its benefits.

关键词： Cataglyphis colony size dominance-discovery trade-off learning maze solving social insects

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Independent variations in genome-wide expression, alternative splicing, and DNA methylation in brain tissues among castes of the buff-tailed bumblebee, Bombus terrestris

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第8期48卷 681-694页

作者： Dan Zhu Jin Ge Siyuan Guo Li Hou Rangjun Shi Xian Zhou Xin Nie Xianhui Wang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China CAS Centre for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Caste differentiation in social hymenopterans is an intriguing example of phenotypic plasticity. However, the co-ordination among gene regulatory factors to mediate caste differentiation remains inconclusive. In this study, we determined the role of gene regulation and related epigenetic processes in pre-imaginal caste differentiation in the primitively eusocial bumblebee Bombus terrestris. By combining RNA-Seq data from Illumina and Pac Bio and accurately quantifying methylation at whole-genomic base pair resolution, we found that queens, workers, and drones mainly differentiate in gene expression but not in alternative splicing and DNA methylation. Gynes are the most distinct with the lowest global level of whole-genomic methylation and with the largest number of caste-specific transcripts and alternative splicing events. By contrast, workers exhibit few uniquely expressed or alternatively spliced genes. Moreover, several genes involved in hormone and neurotransmitter metabolism are related to caste differentiation, whereas several neuropeptides are linked with sex differentiation. Despite little genome-wide association among differential gene expression, splicing, and differential DNA methylation, the overlapped gene ontology(GO) terms point to nutrition-related activity. Therefore, variations in gene regulation correlate with the behavioral differences among castes and highlight the specialization of toolkit genes in bumblebee gynes at the beginning of the adult stage.

关键词： social insects Caste determination PacBio Epigenetics Methylome RNA-seq WGBS-seq

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Potential Insecticidal Effect of a Wasp (Polistes dominulus) and a Bee (Apis mellifera) Venoms in Controlling Spodoptera littoralis

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Advances in Entomology 2022年第4期10卷 300-319页

作者： Reham Z. Sadek Shereen M. El Banna Fayez M. Semida Samy M. Zalat Zoology Department Faculty of Science Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt

Cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis, is considered one of the most common arthropod pests that contribute to crop devastation of cotton. Previously, agricultural pests were controlled through the application of chemical insecticides. However, insecticide-resistant insect populations emergence, as well as increasing concerns about the environmental and human health risks. Venomous animals introduce valuable sources of bioactive compounds which are employed for defence. Some of these toxins have high phyletic specificity, making them appropriate for use in IPM programs. This study aims to test the insecticidal effects of Polistes dominulus and Apis mellifera venoms. Crude venoms were examined for their insecticidal effect against cotton leaf worms by four different application methods including: leaf dipping, integument dropping, spraying, and injection. The data demonstrated a strong response to purified (Polistes dominulus) venom at an initial time than that of honey bee (Apis mellifera) which increases response with increasing the dose and the time interval. A dosage of 0.015 - 0.16 ml of both venoms had notably varied in LD50 values on Spodoptera littoralis that showed higher wasp venom toxicity. Cotton leaf worms showed more susceptibility and mortality to the Polistes sp. venom than that of honey bees.

关键词： social insects Honey Bee Yellow Jacket Enzymes Pest Control Bio-Insecticides Biological Control

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