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Coseismic deformation and fault slip distribution of the 2023 M_(W)7.8 and M_(W)7.6 earthquakes in Türkiye

Earthquake Science 2024年第3期37卷 263-276页

作者： Weikang Li Lijiang Zhao Kai Tan Xiaofei Lu Caihong Zhang Chengtao Li Shuaishuai Han Institute of Seismology China Earthquake AdministrationWuhan 430071China Wuhan Gravitation and Solid Earth Tides National Observation and Research Station Wuhan 430071China School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China

On February 6,2023,a devastating earthquake with a moment magnitude of M_(W)7.8 struck the town of Pazarcik in south-central Türkiye,followed by another powerful earthquake with a moment magnitude of M_(W)7.6 that struck the nearby city of Elbistan 9 h later.To study the characteristics of surface deformation caused by this event and the influence of fault rupture,this study calculated the static coseismic deformation of 56 stations and dynamic displacement waveforms of 15 stations using data from the Turkish national fixed global navigation satellite system(GNSS)network.A maximum static coseismic displacement of 0.38 m for the M_(W)7.8 Kahramanmaras earthquake was observed at station ANTE,36 km from the epicenter,and a maximum dynamic coseismic displacement of 4.4 m for the M_(W)7.6 Elbistan earthquake was observed at station EKZ1,5 km from the epicenter.The rupture-slip distributions of the two earthquakes were inverted using GNSS coseismic deformation as a constraint.The results showed that the Kahramanmaras earthquake rupture segment was distinct and exposed on the ground,resulting in significant rupture slip along the Amanos and Pazarcik fault segments of the East Anatolian Fault.The maximum slip in the Pazarcik fault segment was 10.7 m,and rupture occurred at depths of 0–15 km.In the Cardak fault region,the Elbistan earthquake caused significant ruptures at depths of 0–12 km,with the largest amount of slip reaching 11.6 m.The Coulomb stress change caused by the Kahramanmaras earthquake rupture along the Cardak fault segment was approximately 2 bars,and the area of increased Coulomb stress corresponded to the subsequent rupture region of the M_(W)7.6 earthquake.Thus,it is likely that the M_(W)7.8 earthquake triggered or promoted the M_(W)7.6 earthquake.Based on the cumulative stress impact of the M_(W)7.8 and M_(W)7.6 events,the southwestern segment of the East Anatolian Fault,specifically the Amanos fault segment,experienced a Coulomb rupture stress change exceeding 2 bars,warranting further attention to as

关键词： 2023 Türkiye earthquake GNSS observation coseismic deformation field slip distribution

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Finite element simulation for elastic dislocation of the North-Tehran fault:The effects of geologic layering and slip distribution for the segment located in Karaj

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第4期16卷 533-549页

作者： Pooya ZAKIAN Hossein ASADI HAYEH Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringArak UniversityArak 38156-88349Iran

The present study uses the finite element method for simulating the crustal deformation due to the dislocation of a segment of the North-Tehran fault located in the Karaj metropolis region.In this regard,a geological map of Karaj that includes the fault segment is utilized in order to create the geometry of finite element model.First,finite element analysis of homogeneous counterpart of the fault’s domain with two different sections was performed,and the results were compared to those of Okada’s analytical solutions.The fault was modeled with the existing heterogeneity of the domain having been considered.The influences of both uniform and non-uniform slip distributions were investigated.Furthermore,three levels of simplification for geometric creation of geological layers’boundaries were defined in order to evaluate the effects of the geometric complexity of the geological layering on the displacement responses obtained with the finite element simulations.In addition to the assessment of slip distribution,layering complexity and heterogeneity,the results demonstrate both the capability and usefulness of the proposed models in the dislocation analysis for the Karaj segment of North-Tehran fault.

关键词： finite element method fault dislocation slip distribution the North-Tehran fault heterogeneity geological layering

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Coseismic slip distribution of the 2021 Mw7.4 Maduo,Qinghai Earthquake Estimated from InSAR and GPS Measurements

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第4期33卷 885-891页

作者： Lihan Xiao Rui Zheng Rong Zou Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

On 22 May 2021,the Maduo Earthquake occurred on a branch fault of the East Kunlun fault in the Bayan Har Block,which provides opportunity to constrain fault geometry and strain accumulation and release for assessment of earthquake hazards.We processed the Sentinal-1A/B SAR images acquired before and after the earthquake,with which we constrained a finite fault model to best fit to the combined data set of downsampled InSAR image and GPS displacements.The inversion indicates that the Maduo event ruptured a 160 km long section striking 286.5°and a dipping 81.39°with rake angle of 4.62°.The model suggests three compact rupture areas with the slip amplitude exceeding 4 m on the main rupture section and the largest slip region is in the east of the epicenter with a slip of approximately 4.6 m below the surface,in a good agreement with the field geological survey.The total geodetic moment is 1.67×10^(20) N·m equivalent to Mw7.44,slightly larger than estimate of the USGS.

关键词： Maduo Earthquake geodetic measurements coseismic displacements slip distribution focal mechanism earthquakes

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Normal Fault slips of the March 2021 Greece Earthquake Sequence from InSAR Observations

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Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science 2022年第1期5卷 50-59页

作者： Chuang SONG Chen YU Gauhar MELDEBEKOVA Zhenhong LI School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE17RUUK College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China Key Laboratory of Western China’s Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of EducationXi’an 710054China

In March 2021,a seismic sequence including three Mw>5.5 events struck northern Thessaly,Greece.Owing to the high temporal resolution of Sentinel-1 images which were sampled every 6 days and recorded the three events separately,we are able to map individually the coseismic deformation fields of the three events.Based on their respective coseismic displacements,we determined the geometry of the fault plane for each earthquake with the method of multipeak particle swarm optimization and inverted the best-fitting slip distribution by linear least squares inversion.Modelling results show that the three events occurred successively on 3,4 and 12 March 2021 were all dominated by normal-slip motions on previously unknown faults within the top 15 km of the Earth’s crust.The 3 March 2021 Mw 6.3 earthquake ruptured a northeast-dipping fault with a strike angle of 301°(clockwise from the North)and a dip angle of 46°,producing the maximum slip of about 2.2 m.The slip motion of the 4 March 2021 Mw 5.9 aftershock shows a similar fault geometry(striking 297°and dipping 42°)to the 3 March mainshock,but with a considerably smaller dip-slip component(~0.8 m).The 12 March 2021 Mw 5.6 aftershock occurred on a southwest-dipping fault(striking 100°and dipping 40°)with a normal fault slip of up to 0.5 m.Static Coulomb stress changes triggered by the earthquake sequence imply a promotion relationship between the first 3 March event and the two subsequent events.Due to the coseismic stress perturbation,more than 70%of aftershocks were distributed in areas with increased Coulomb stress and the northwest segment of the Larissa fault close to the seismic sequence was exposed to a relatively high seismic risk.

关键词： Greece earthquake InSAR normal fault slip distribution Coulomb stress

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