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sleep quality in long haul truck drivers： A study on Iranian national data

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2016年第4期19卷 225-228页

作者： Khosro Sadeghniiat-Haghighi Zohreh Yazdi Amir Mohammad Kazemifar Occupational sleep Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Qazvin University of Medical Sciences Qazvin Iran Metabolic Disease Research Center. Qazvin University of Medical Sciences Qazvin Iran

OBJECTIVE:Iran has a high rate of road traffic accidents. Poor quality of sleep brings about loss of attention, which is an important cause of road traffic accidents particularly in monotonous roads. The causes of poor quality of sleep in occupational drivers are multifactorial. The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of poor sleep quality among occupational drivers with rotating work schedules and analyze its different risk factors.;METHODS:2200 professional long-haul truck drivers who had been referred to the Occupational Health Clinic for routine education course were invited. We obtained data from eight provinces from various parts of Iran during 2012-2013. Data were collected using a questionnaire including questions about demographic and job characteristics. Pittsburg sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess drivers' sleep quality.;RESULTS:Mean working (driving) time was (9.3±2.5) hours daily and (55.5 ± 18.29) hours weekly. About 23.5% of the drivers reported history of smoking, 14.5% had low job satisfaction and 60% had irregular work schedule. 16.4% of drivers had an accidents leading to injury during the past five years. The mean PSQI score was 4.2 ± 2.7; 54% had a PSQI>5 (poor quality of sleep). Multivariate logistic regression showed that smoking, job satisfaction, history of accidents, shift work and work hours per day were the most important risk factors for poor sleep quality.;CONCLUSIONS:Results obtained from the current study showed a high prevalence of poor quality of sleep among professional drivers. It warrants more attention to this significant problem using some measures to improve working conditions in professional drivers, as well as health promotion interventions.

关键词： Accidents Traffic sleep Motor vehicles Iran

Endothelial function and T-lymphocyte subsets in patients with overlap syndrome of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第14期132卷 1654-1659页

作者： Juan Wang Xin Li Wan-Ju Hou Li-Xia Dong Jie Cao Department of Respiratory Medicine Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin 300052China

Background:The coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is termed overlap syndrome (OS).COPD and OSA both have increased risks of developing cardiovascular diseases.This study aimed to explore if patients with OS exhibited a higher prevalence of cardiovascular complications,and if patients with OS exhibited vascular endothelial dysfunction and abnormalities in the cellular immune function of T lymphocytes.Methods:Totally 25 patients with stable COPD (COPD group),25 patients with OSA (OSA group),25 patients with OS (OS group),and 20 healthy adults (control group) were enrolled between January 2017 and December 2017 from the Respiratory Department of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital.The clinical characteristics of the four groups were collected and the expression levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and T-lymphocyte subsets were detected.One-way analysis of variance,x^2 test and Pearson correlation were used to manage the data.Results:The prevalence of hypertension and coronary heart disease was significantly higher in the OS group than in the control,OSA,and COPD groups (x^2 =20.69,P < 0.05 and x^2 =11.03,P < 0.05,respectively).The levels of sVCAM-1 and TNF-α were significantly higher in the OS group than in other groups (F =127.40,P < 0.05 and F =846.77,P < 0.05,respectively).The percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ were both significantly lower in the OS group than in any other group (F =25.40,P < 0.05 and F =75.08,P < 0.05,respectively).There were significantly negative correlations in the levels of sVCAM-1 and TNF-α with CD4^+/CD8^+ lymphocytes (r =-0.77,P < 0.05 and r =-0.83,P < 0.05,respectively).Conclusions:The prevalence of hypertension and coronary heart disease was higher in patients with OS than in patients with either OSA or COPD alone.Patients with OS exhibited more severe vascular endothelial injury,stronger inflammatory response,and lower cellular immune function.

关键词： Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Obstructive sleep apnea Overlap syndrome Endothelium T-lymphocyte subsets

Perchance to dream? Primordial motor activity patterns in vertebrates from fish to mammals: their prenatal origin, postnatal persistence during sleep, and pathological reemergence during REM sleep behavior disorder

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第6期31卷 649-662页

作者： Michael A.Corner Carlos H.Schenck Netherlands Institute for Brain Research Minnesota Regional sleep Disorders Center Departments of Psychiatry Hennepin County Medical Center and University of Minnesota

An overview is presented of the literature dealing with sleep-like motility and concomitant neuronal activity patterns throughout the life cycle in vertebrates, ectothermic as well as endothermic. Spontaneous, periodically modulated, neurogenic bursts of non-purposive movements are a universal feature of larval and prenatal behavior, which in endothermic animals （i.e. birds and mammals） continue to occur periodically throughout life. Since the entire body musculature is involved in ever-shifting combinations, it is proposed that these spontaneously active periods be designated as ＇rapid-BODY-movement＇（RBM） sleep. The term ＇rapid-EYE- movement （REM） sleep＇, characterized by attenuated muscle contractions and reduced tonus, can then be reserved for sleep at later stages of development. Mature stages of development in which sustained muscle atonia is combined with ＇paradoxical arousal＇ of cortical neuronal firing patterns indisputably represent the evolutionarily most recent aspect of REM sleep, but more research with ectothermic vertebrates, such as fish, amphibians and reptiles, is needed before it can be concluded （as many prematurely have） that RBM is absent in these species. Evidence suggests a link between RBM sleep in early development and the clinical condition known as ＇REM sleep behavior disorder （RBD）＇, which is characterized by the resurgence of periodic bouts of quasi-fetal motility that closely resemble RBM sleep. Early developmental neuromotor risk factors for RBD in humans also point to a relationship between RBM sleep and RBD.

关键词： sleep development evolution spike-train analysis spontaneous motility neuronal networks neuroplasticity REM sleep behavior disorder

Orexin A attenuates the sleep-promoting effect of adenosine in the lateral hypothalamus of rats

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2014年第5期30卷 877-886页

作者： Yanping Cun Lin Tang Jie Yan Chao He Yang Li Zhian Hu Jianxia Xia Department of Physiology Third Military Medical University

Orexin neurons within the lateral hypothalamus play a crucial role in the promotion and maintenance of arousal. Studies have strongly suggested that orexin neurons are an important target in endogenous adenosine-regulated sleep homeostasis. Orexin A induces a robust increase in the firing activity of orexin neurons, while adenosine has an inhibitory effect. Whether the excitatory action of orexins in the lateral hypothalamus actually promotes wakefulness and reverses the sleep-producing effect of adenosine in vivo is less clear. In this study, electroencephalographic and electromyographic recordings were used to investigate the effects of orexin A and adenosine on sleep and wakefulness in rats. We found that microinjection of orexin A into the lateral hypothalamus increased wakefulness with a concomitant reduction of sleep during the first 3 h of post-injection recording, and this was completely blocked by a selective antagonist for orexin receptor 1, SB 334867. The enhancement of wakefulness also occurred after application of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate in the first 3 h post-injection. However, in the presence of the NMDA receptor antagonist APV, orexin A did not induce any change of sleep and wakefulness in the first 3 h. Further, exogenous application of adenosine into the lateral hypothalamus induced a marked increase of sleep in the first 3-h post-injection. No significant change in sleep and wakefulness was detected after adenosine application followed by orexin A administration into the same brain area. Thesefindings suggest that the sleep-promoting action of adenosine can be reversed by orexin A applied to the lateral hypothalamus, perhaps by exciting glutamatergic input to orexin neurons via the action of orexin receptor 1.

关键词： sleep wakefulness orexin adenosine lateral hypothalamus

Validation of fatty liver index and hepatic steatosis index for screening of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第22期132卷 2670-2676页

作者： Li-Da Chen Jie-Feng Huang Qing-Shi Chen Guo-Fu Lin Hui-Xue Zeng Xiao-Fen Lin Xue-Jun Lin Li Lin Qi-Chang Lin Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityZhangzhouFujian 363000China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350005China 'Fujian Provincial sleep-disordered Breathing Clinic Center FuzhouFujian 350005China The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University QuanzhouFujian 362000China Department of Cadre Ward Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityZhangzhouFujian 363000China Department of Laboratory Medicine Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityZhangzhouFujian 363000China

Background:Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)is a contributing factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver di:(NAFLD).Non-invasive algorithms including fatty liver index(FLI)and hepatic steatosis index(HSI)have been used as a screening test for NAFLD in epidemiologic studies.The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of FLI and HSI for NAFLD detection in adults with OSAHS.Methods:We enrolled consecutive adult subjects who were newly diagnosed with OSAHS from March 2016 to January 2018.NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography.The accuracy and cut-off point of the FLI and HSI to detect NAFLD were assessed by analyzing the area under the receiver operating characteristic(AUROC)curve and the maximum Youden index analysis,respectively.Results:The 326 subjects were diagnosed as NAFLD according to ultrasound findings,while 105 subjects who had normal abdominal ultrasonography were grouped as controls.Both FLI and HSI values were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD compared with controls.The AUROC of FLI and HSI for predicting NAFLD was 0.802(95%confidence interval[CI]0.762-0.839)and 0.753(95%CI 0.710-0.793),respectively.The AUROC of FLI was significantly higher than that of HSI(P=0.0383).The optimal cut-off value of FLI and HSI was 60(sensitivity 66%and specificity 80%)and 35(sensitivity 81%and specificity 60%),respectively.Conclusions:Both FLI and HSI can serve as screening tools for NAFLD in OSAHS adults.The FLI shows better performance in diagnosing NAFLD than HSI.

关键词： Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome Fatty liver index Hepatic steatosis index Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

sleep quality of spousal caregivers is associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms and living ability of patients with Alzheimer disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第12期132卷 1490-1493页

作者： Yi Chen Jun-Yang Wang Xiao-Yan Liu Fan-Xia Meng Ai-Ping Li Guo-Ping Peng Department of Neurology First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310003China

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, accounting for the majority of cases of dementia. The global prevalence of AD is rising, representing an increasing challenge for older individuals and their families.[1] Seven out of every ten patients with AD receive informal care at home, relying on co-resident family members, especially spouses.[2] However, cultural differences exist in the effects of the disorder. For example, Chinese caregivers of patients with dementia had higher scores on measures of depression and caregiver burden compared with caregivers of patients with dementia in Western societies.[3] It is important to consider that AD not only affects the patient but also their caregivers, particularly spousal caregivers who spend more than half their time with the patient.[4] As AD progresses, patients become increasingly dependent on caregivers. Meanwhile, there is an increasingly heavy caregiver burden, characterized as the physical, psychological, or emotional, social, and financial problems experienced by family members who care for impaired older adults.[5] Additionally, it is frequently reported that sleep disturbance symptoms are associated with health consequences among AD caregivers.[6]

关键词： sleep quality spousal caregivers neuropsychiatric symptoms

On-orbit sleep problems of astronauts and countermeasures

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Military Medical Research 2018年第3期5卷 251-262页

作者： Bin Wu Yue Wang Xiaorui Wu Dong Liu Dong Xu Fei Wang State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application China Astronaut Research and Training Center

Sufficient sleep duration and good sleep quality are crucial to ensure normal physical and mental health, cognition and work performance for the common people, as well as astronauts. On-orbit sleep problem is very common among astronauts and has potential detrimental influences on the health of crewmembers and the safety of flight missions. sleep in space is becoming a new medical research frontier. In this review we summarized on-orbit sleep problems of astronauts and six kinds of causes, and we presented the effects of lack of sleep on performance as well as mental and physical health, then we proposed seven kinds of countermeasures for sleep disturbance in spaceflight, including pharmacologic interventions, light treatment, crew selection and training, Traditional Chinese Medicine and so on. Furthermore, we discussed and oriented the prospect of researches on sleep in space.

关键词： Astronaut On-orbit sleep Countermeasure Human spaceflight

Genetic variants of rs1275988 and rs2586886 in TWIK-related acidsensitive K^+ channel-1 gene may be potential risk factors for obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第17期132卷 2059-2065页

作者： Tian Shi Xiao-Guang Yao Mei Li Mulalibieke Heizhati Xiu-Fang Li Lu Wen Yuan-Yuan He Ling Yao Ying-Chun Wang Jing Hong Nan-Fang Li Center for Hypertension of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang Urumqi Xinjiang 830001 China

Background: The pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains not fully understood. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of OSA by assessing the association between the human tandem of P domains in a weak inwardly rectifying K^+ channel (TWIK)-related acid-sensitive K^+ channel-1 (TASK-1) gene and OSA. Methods: A total of 164 patients with severe OSA and 171 patients without OSA were recruited from the Center for Hypertension of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (China) from April to December in 2016. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1275988 and rs2586886) in the TASK-1 gene were selected and genotyped using a kompetitive allele specific polymerase chain reaction genotyping system. Clinical-pathological characteristics and genotype data were compared between the severe and non-OSA groups to explore the association between TASK-1 gene polymorphism and severe OSA. Results: There were no significant differences in genotype distribution, allele frequency, and the recessive and dominant model of the two selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1275988 and rs2586886) between the severe and non-OSA groups in the total population (P < 0.05). However, for patients with a body mass index (BMI)≥28 kg/m2, the distribution of genotypes and alleles, and the recessive model (GG + GA vs. AA) exhibited significant differences between the severe and non-OSA group (for genotypes: P = 0.014 and P = 0.026;for alleles: P = 0.006 and P = 0.011;for the recessive model: P = 0.005 and P = 0.009, respectively). The simple logistic regression analysis revealed that the GG genotype was a risk factor for OSA. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 4.902 (1.582–15.186, P = 0.006) for rs1275988 and 4.420 (1.422–13.734, P = 0.010) for rs2586886, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the combination of GG genotypes of rs1275988 with BMI ≥28 kg/m^2 increased the risk of severe OSA (OR = 8.916, 95% CI 4.506–17.645, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Both the GG genotype of rs1

关键词： Potassium channels Obstructive sleep apnea Single nucleotide polymorphism Body mass index

Anxiolytic Effect of Increased NREM sleep after Acute Social Defeat Stress in Mice

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第10期36卷 1137-1146页

作者： Xiang Feng Hui-Ying Zhao Yu-Jin Shao Hui-Fang Lou Li-Ya Zhu Shumin Duan Yan-Qin Yu Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China

Social defeat stress(SDS)plays a major role in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders like anxiety and depression.sleep is generally considered to involve recovery of the brain from prior experience during wakefulness and is altered after acute SDS.However,the effect of acute SDS on sleep/wake behavior in mice varies between studies.In addition,whether sleep changes in response to stress contribute to anxiety is not well established.Here,we first investigated the effects of acute SDS on sleep/wake states in the active period in mice.Our results showed that total sleep time(time in rapid eyemovement[REM]and non-REM[NREM]sleep)increased in the active period after acute SDS.NREM sleep increased mainly during the first 3 h after SDS,while REM sleep increased at a later time.Then,we demonstrated that the increased NREM sleep had an anxiolytic benefit in acute SDS.Mice deprived of sleep for 1 h or 3 h after acute SDS remained in a highly anxious state,while in mice with ad libitum sleep the anxiety rapidly faded away.Altogether,our findings suggest an anxiolytic effect of NREM sleep,and indicate a potential therapeutic strategy for anxiety.

关键词： Social defeat stress sleep sleep deprivation Anxiety Anxiolytic effect