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EAF steelmaking process with increasing hot metal charging ratio and improving slagging regime

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2009年第4期16卷 375-382页

作者： Jian-ping Duan Yong-liang Zhang Xue-min Yang Technical Center of Shanxi Taigang Stainless Corporation Limited Taiyuan Shanxi 030003 China Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

A new electric arc furnace （EAF） steelmaking process with increasing hot metal charging ratio and improving slagging regime simultaneously was developed and applied in a 50 t electric arc furnace for more than a year at No. 1 Steelmaking Plant of Shanxi Taigang Stainless Corporation Limited. The essential fact of the new EAF steelmaking process was to charge hot metal in two portions or steps： firstly, 35wt%-40wt% hot metal was pretreated by blowing oxygen in a specially designed reactor for decar burization and improving hot metal temperature and melting premelted slag; secondly, 30wt% hot metal was charged into EAF with high basicity refining slags from ladle furnace （LF）-vacuum degassing furnace （VD） refining process. The results show that the hot metal charging ratio can reach to about 65wt%-70wt% for the new EAF steelrnaking process; meanwhile, the tap-to-tap time of a 50 t EAF can shorten by 5-10 min, the electricity consumption can decrease by 35-50 kW·h/t, the lime consumption can reduce by 10.5 kg/t of molten steel, and the content of harmful heavy metals in molten steel can be easily controlled to less than the upper limits of aimed steel specification or grade compared with the traditional EAF steelmaking process. In addition, the dephosphorization ability shows a slight strengthening, however, a small degree of lessening for desulphurization ability is observed for the new EAF steelmaking process, but the weakness of desulphurization ability cannot become an obstacle to its further application since a stronger desulphurization ability can be achieved during secondary refining of LF coupled with VD after EAF steelmaking process.

关键词： electric arc furnace (EAF) charge ratio slagging refining slags lime

Visual investigation of slagging characteristics in a pilot-scale facility:Influence of deposition surface

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第7期27卷 1728-1734页

作者： Hao Zhou Jiakai Zhang Weichen Ma Kun Zhang Chenying Zhou Zhejiang University Institute for Thermal Power Engineering State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization

slagging is a major problem in boilers,especially the low-rank coal applied in *** this study,the influence of heat transfer surface on the slagging characteristics of a pilot-scale furnace was *** coatings were applied in modifying the deposition surface to control *** growth characteristics of the slag were studied using an online digital image *** electron microscopy linked with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray diffraction(XRD)were applied to investigate the microstructure,semi-quantitative chemical composition,and mineralogy of slag *** coating demonstrated a positive effect on the mitigation of *** revealed that the thicknesses of the slag initially increased with experimental time and then inclined toward stable values for both cases(Case 1:substrate material;Case 2:modified surface).The stable thicknesses for Cases 1 and 2 were 4.91 mm and 3.95 mm,*** heat transfer efficiency was improved by approximately 18.2%with the application of Ni coating for probe surface *** mechanism of the mitigation of slagging was investigated in this *** results revealed that the content of alkali reduced when the surface was coated with *** alkali significantly affected the adhesion behavior of the ***,Ni coating showed potential in reducing slagging and increasing the efficiency of *** overall study makes a contribution to a deep understanding of the effect of Ni coating on the growth characteristics of the slag.

关键词： slagging Deposition surface Heat flux Digital image technique

Research on the slagging characteristics of blended coals in a pilot-scale furnace

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2015年第3期16卷 204-216页

作者： Hao ZHOU Le-tian LI Hai-long ZHANG Bin ZHOU Institute for Thermal Power Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

This paper applies digital image techniques to observe the slagging characteristics of blended coals in a pilot-scale furnace. Collected deposit samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy linked with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis （SEM-EDX）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, and X-ray Fluorescence （XRF） to acquire the microstructure, chemical composition, and mineralogy. The deposit thickness of three blends was analyzed between their parent coal A （Datong） and coal B （Shan）, and we noted that the time to reach a stable stage decreased with the ratio of coal B. The addition of coal A into coal B could remarkably restrained the growth and thickness of ash deposits. The results of XRD analysis indicated the initial layer was predominantly comprised of the crystalline minerals quartz, anorthite, or albite except for coal B. All of the blends and coals contained quartz and Ca- to Al-silicates （Ca0.68Na0.32）（All.68Si0.32）Si2O8 in the slag layer where iron-bearing minerals （e.g., ilvaite） were altered into an amorphous phase. The result of SEM-EDX suggested that there was an elemental disparity between the coal ash and deposit.

关键词： Blended coal Ash deposit slagging Charge-coupled device (CCD) camera Mineralogy

Lowering ash slagging and fouling tendency of high-alkali coal by hydrothermal pretreatment

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第3期29卷 521-525页

作者： Mingshun Yang Qiang Xie Xin Wang He Dong Hao Zhang Chunqi Li School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China Datang International Chemical Technology Research Institute CO. Ltd.Beijing 100070China

High-alkali species in coal are notorious for causing ash slagging and fouling *** this paper,four high-alkali coals were individually subject to hydrothermal pretreatment(HTP),within a batch-type autoclave at 300 -C for 1 h,and the treated coals were analyzed,along with the oxygen-containing functional groups determined by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FT-IR).Then the alkali species and other components in the coal ash were quantified by X-ray fluorescence(XRF)for evaluating the ash slagging and fouling *** from this,FactSage was adopted to simulate the occurrence and transformation of alkali species during coal thermal conversion ending at various *** findings indicate that the treated coals are superior to the parent ones in terms of certain remarkable changes via *** moisture,oxygen and sulfur of the hydrothermally treated coals decline obviously,while the calorific value rises *** could reduce the alkali species to less than 2%(%,by weight,equivalent to Na2O in dry ash),with a maximum removal ratio of 88.9%,lowering the ash slagging and fouling *** proposed mechanism of HTP was that the alkali species in coal matrix became released due to the breakage of the coal functional groups and micropores during HTP.

关键词： Hydrothermal pretreatment High-alkali coal Ash slagging and fouling tendency Lowering FactSage

A New Distinguish Method of Blending Coals slagging Characteristic

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Energy and Power Engineering 2011年第3期3卷 343-347页

作者： Yonghua Li North China Electric Power University

The slagging characteristic of coal effects the safe operation of boiler unit directly, the study on coal slagging is paid more and more attention by scholars of the world. Because of the complexity of coal characteristic, the blending coals slagging characteristic is more complex than single coal. The study method of blending coals characteristic is the same as the single coal method, but the simple method can’t distinguish the blending coals slagging characteristic well and truly. This paper gives the new distinguish method of blending coals slagging characteristic based on experimentation condition, it is the rate of slag and furnace refuse. The rate of slagging on furnace wall and the refuse on furnace bottom has utilized to distinguish the slagging characteristic of coal. The result shows that the rate of slag and furnace refuse method has better veracity.

关键词： slagging Blending Coals Distinguish Method

Industrial Experiment Study on slagging by Limestone instead of Lime in BOF

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Industrial Experiment Study on Slagging by Limestone instead...

Influence of laterite nickel ore on extracting iron from Bayer red mud by carbothermal smelting reduction

2014年低成本炼钢共性技术研讨会

作者： Wen-gang LU School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

This paper made a research on the changing of surplus heat during slagging by limestone instead of lime during steelmaking process,on the basis of analysis for limestone decomposing and slagging mechanism,which indicates that scrap steel added ratio can reach to approx.86%if using lime *** limestone is applied in the steelmaking process to replace all limes for slagging,the hot metal ratio can reach up to 97%.On this basis,the metallurgical results of using limestone instead of lime for slagging in 60t converter were *** results show that using limestone for slagging,comparing with lime,the dephosphorization process are much more stable and the dephosphorization ratio increases by 2.6%,the average basicity of slag in the end is 3.52 meeting the demand of *** the slag amount substantially reduces,which results in the decline of the consumption of steel *** blowing time is prolonged and the temperature of liquid steel will be kept ***,the results also provide a new method and concept for optimizing the charging material structure and reducing the production cost.

关键词： BOF steelmaking slagging limestone dephosphorization

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2021年第6期28卷 661-668页

作者： Ao-ping He Jian-min Zeng Shi-hong Liu Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-Ferrous Metal and Featured Materials Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004GuangxiChina

In view of the difficulty of extracting iron from Bayer red mud,a new idea of adding laterite nickel ore into red mud was proposed to prepare a high value-added *** this,the influences of laterite nickel ore on thermodynamic reaction,slagging and smelting reduction of extracting iron from red mud were *** results indicated that the product of extracting iron from red mud(R100)was changed with the addition of laterite nickel ore(R70L30).The slag of R100 was strongly basic,while the R70L30 was weakly acidic with composition closer to the ideal blast furnace *** metal recovery of R100 was 75.16%and that of R70L30 was 94.05%.At the same temperature,the slag viscosity of R70L30 was significantly lower than that of R100,which proved that laterite nickel ore can adjust the basicity,reduce melting point of slag and improve metal *** Fe,Ni and Cr in red mud and laterite nickel ore can be reduced sufficiently,a low Ni–Cr alloy cast iron can be directly prepared.

关键词： Bayer red mud Laterite nickel ore Iron extraction slagging Carbothermal smelting reduction

Combustion and NO_x Emission Behavior of Chinese Coals

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2002年第3期10卷 333-338页

作者：陈宏刚谢克昌 Taiyuan University of Technology State Key Laboratory of C1 Chemistry and Technology Taiyuan 030024

Seven Chinese coals ranking from anthracite to sub-bituminous fromthe Shanxi province were selected for study to forecast thecombustion and NO_x emission behavior. Three UK, one Indonesia andone South Africa coal was included in the study for reference. A flatflame-turbulent jet apparatus was employed to assess flame stability,ignition performance and NO_x emission behavior for the initial stageof devolatilization and combustion. This apparatus can simulateparticle heating rates, maximum temperatures and the influence of theturbulent Fluid interactions on the fate of volatiles.

关键词： devolatilization char reactivity slagging NO_x

Development of 600 MW Class Coal Fired Boilers in China

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Electricity 1999年第3期 16-22页

作者： Xu Chuankai Xu Yunsong(Thermal Power Research institute, Xi’an, China)

This article introduces the present status anddevelopment of 600 MW class boilers in China. The statisticaldata indicate that most 600 MW generating units experiencedrelatively length" growing up" period. In this period, unitscould not operate stably , their unplanned outage times weremany and durations long, and availabilities low. On the basis oftesting and research and the summing-up of practice, it wasindicated slagging in the furnace, deviation of tine gas energy atthe exit of furnace, and overheating bursting of superheater andreheater etc, endangering the safety and economics ofoperation,main problems could be completely alleviated oravoided through design and type selection of boiler furnace andburners, coal characteristics and coal handling management,and optimization management of operation conditions etc.

关键词： coal-fired boiler slagging energy deviation of fluegas tube failure coupling of coal property-boiler type