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Drug induced autoimmune hepatitis:An unfortunate case of herbal toxicity from skullcap supplement:A case report

World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第12期15卷 1333-1337页

作者： Nimish Thakral Venkata Rajesh Konjeti Fady William Salama Department of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536United States

BACKGROUND The surge in traditional herbal dietary supplement(HDS)popularity has led to increased drug-induced liver injuries(DILI).Despite lacking evidence of efficacy and being prohibited from making medical claims,their acceptance has risen over sevenfold in the last two decades,with roughly 25%of United States(US)adults using these supplements *** estimated 23000 emergency room visits annually in the US are linked to HDS side ***-funded research suggests HDS contribute to 7-20%of DILI cases,with similar trends in Europe—Spain reporting 2%and Iceland up to 16%.Patients with acute liver failure from HDS undergo liver transplantation more frequently than those from prescription *** we describe a case of drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis due to skullcap supplements,this association appears to be the first documented instance in *** SUMMARY A middle-aged Caucasian woman,previously healthy,presented with sudden *** months earlier,her liver enzymes were *** mentioned recent use of skullcap mushroom *** for chronic liver disease were *** first liver biopsy indicated severe resolving drug-induced liver *** treatment,she was readmitted due to worsening *** tests raised concerns about autoimmune hepatitis.A subsequent biopsy confirmed this *** patient responded as expected to stopping the medication with improvement in liver *** This scenario highlights an uncommon instance of DILI caused by skullcap ***'s crucial for hepatologists to recognize this connection due to the increasing prevalence of herbal supplements.

关键词： Drug induced liver injury drug induced autoimmune hepatitis herbal supplement skullcap Case report

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Herbal hepatoxicity from Chinese skullcap: A case report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2012年第7期4卷 231-233页

作者： Leslie Yang Andrew Aronsohn John Hart Donald Jensen University of Chicago Medical Center Section of Gastroenterology Chicago IL 60637 United States University of Chicago Medical Center Center for Liver Diseases Chicago IL 60637 United States Department of Pathology University of Chicago Medical Center Chicago IL 60637 United States

The use of herbal supplements has increased considerably over the last decade. We report a case of an elderly woman who began taking Move Free Advanced for arthritis, which in addition to glucosamine and chondroitin, contained two herbal ingredients, Chinese skullcap and Black Catechu. Our patient presented with significant cholestasis and hepatitis which significantly improved after discontinuation of the supplement. Since neither the patient nor the treating physician recognized this supplement as a potential hepatotoxin, she resumed taking the supplement and again suffered from considerable hepatotoxicity. Liver biopsy at that time was consistent with acute drug induced liver injury. She, once again, recovered after discontinuation of the supplement. Review of the literature confirms that Chinese skullcap has been implicated as a possible hepatotoxic agent which was demonstrated in this case.

关键词： Hepatotoxicity Chinese skullcap Scutellaria baicalensis Herbal supplements

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The Reference Genome Sequence of Scutellaria baicalensis Provides Insights into the Evolution of Wogonin Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2019年第7期12卷 935-950页

作者： Qing Zhao Jun Yang Meng-Ying Cui Jie Liu Yumin Fang Mengxiao Yan Wenqing Qiu Huiwen Shang Zhicheng Xu Reheman Yidiresi Jing-Ke Weng Tomas Pluskal Marielle Vigouroux Burkhard Steuernagel Yukun Wei Lei Yang Yonghong Hu Xiao-Ya Chen Cathie Martin Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China Novogene Bioinformatics Institute Beijing China Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research 455 Main Street Cambridge MA 02142 USA Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA John Innes Centre Norwich NR4 7UH UK

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is important in Chinese traditional medicine where preparations of dried roots,"Huang Qin," are used for liver and lung complaints and as complementary cancer treatments. We report a high-quality reference genome sequence for S. baicalensis where 93% of the 408.14-Mb genome has been assembled into nine pseudochromosomes with a super-N50 of 33.2 Mb. Comparison of this sequence with those of closely related species in the order Lamiales, sesamum indicum and Salvia splendens,revealed that a specialized metabolic pathway for the synthesis of 4'-deoxyflavone bioactives evolved in the genus Scu-tellaria. We found that the gene encoding a specific cinnamate coenzyme A ligase likely obtained its newfunc- tion following recent mutations, and that four genes encoding enzymes in the 4'-deoxyflavone pathway are present as tandem repeats in the genome of S. baicalensis. Further analyses revealed that gene duplications, segmental duplication, gene amplification, and point mutations coupled to gene neo- and subfunctionaliza-tions were involved in the evolution of 4'-deoxyflavone synthesis in the genus Scutellaria. Our study not only provides significant insight into the evolution of specific flavone biosynthetic pathways in the mint family, Lamiaceae, but also will facilitate the development of tools for enhancing bioactive productivity by metabolic engineering in microbes or by molecular breeding in plants. The reference genome of S. baicalensis is also useful for improving the genome assemblies for other members of the mint family and offers an important foundation for decoding the synthetic pathways of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants.

关键词： genome skullcap 4’-deoxyflavone traditional Chinese medicine Huang Qin:evolution specialized metabolism

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Research on the ultraweak photon emission from anti-cancer plants

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2009年第3期2卷 155-157页

作者： Ping Wu Xiang He Dept. of Applied Physics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China Dept. of Applied Physics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 Chinav

UPE (Ultraweak photon emission) is one kind of a common phenomenon in biological organisms. It contains a wealth of information of biological functions. In this paper, single photon counting system is used to measure UPE of some anti- cancer herbal plants. For the plants, the changes of UPE under different water condition are stud-ied and the varying laws of ultraweak photon number with time are analysed. The results are higher fit double exponential decay law.

关键词： Ultraweak Photon Emission Photon Counting Barbed skullcap Herb Pedate Pinallia Jackinthepulpit Rhizome Cochinchnese Asparagus Root Fitting

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