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Effect and mechanism of carbon sources on phosphorus uptake by microorganisms in sequencing batch reactors with the single-stage oxic process

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Science China Chemistry 2009年第12期52卷 2358-2365页

作者： WANG DongBo LI XiaoMing YANG Qi ZHENG Wei CAO JianBing ZENG GuangMing YUE Xiu SHEN TingTing ZENG TianJing DING Yan College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

To investigate the chief reason for phosphorus uptake by microorganisms affected by substrates in sequencing batch reactors with the single-stage oxic process,two typical substrates,glucose (R1) and acetate (R2) were used as the sole carbon source,and the performances of phosphorus removal and the changes of intracellular storage were compared. The experimental results showed that the phenomenon of excess phosphorus uptake was observed in two reactors,but bacteria's capability to take in phosphorus and its intracellular storage were obviously different under the same operational condition. After steady-state operation,total phosphorus (TP) removed per MLVSS in R1 and R2 was 6.7―7.4 and 2.7―3.2 mg/g,respectively. The energy storage of poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA) was nearly constant in R1 during the whole period,and another aerobic storage of glycogen was accumulated (the max accumulation of glycogen was 3.21 mmol-C/g) when external substrate was consumed,and then was decreased to the initial level. However in R2,PHA and glycogen were both accumulated (2.1 and 0.55 mmol-C/g,respectively) when external substrate was consumed,but they showed different changes after the period of external consumption. Compared to rapid decrease of PHA to the initial level,glycogen continued accumulating to the peak (0.88 mmol-C/g) in 2 h of aeration before decreasing. During the aeration,the accumulations/transformations of internal carbon sources in R1 were higher than those in R2. In addition,obvious TP releases were both observed in R1 and R2 other than PHA and glycogen during the long-term idle period; moreover,the release content of phosphorus in R1 was also higher than that in R2. The researches indicated that different aerobic metabolism of substrate occurred in R1 and R2 due to the different carbon sources in influent,resulting in different types and contents of aerobic storage accumulated/translated in bacteria of R1 and R2. As a result,ATP content provided for phosphorus upt

关键词： biological phosphorus removal poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates glycogen sequecing batch reactor single-stage oxic process

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Analytical analysis of single-stage pressure relief valves

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International Journal of Hydromechatronics 2019年第1期2卷 1-2页

作者： Sven Osterland Jurgen Weber Chair of Fluid-Mechatronic Systems Technische Universität Dresden Helmholzstr. 7a Dresden 01069 Germany

The article presents an explicitly straightforward formulation of the stationary and dynamic behaviour of a pressure relief valve (PRV). This includes an analytical solution for the static p-Q-characteristic, the step and harmonic response and a stability criterion using elementary operations only. It also mathematically proves the intrinsic connection between the gradient of the static p-Q-characteristic and the stability. Thus, the new method offers four main advantages.

关键词： single-stage pressure relief valves pressure relief valve (PRV) static p-Q-characteristic

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A High-Efficiency single-stage Low-Power Photovoltaic Inverter System with Maximum Power Point Tracking Control

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Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第9期6卷 222-234页

作者： Ching-Ming Lai Hsien-Peng You Department of Vehicle Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan UPE-Power Technology Co. Ltd. Taichung Taiwan

This paper proposes a single-stage inverter system with maximum power point tracking control (MPPT) applicable in low-power photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion systems. The proposed system is successfully implemented using a single digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F2808. The proposed single-stage inverter system has the following features: 1) the ability to harvest the maximum PV power using two simple and effective current sampling methods;2) flexible topology based on the positioning of DC link capacitor on the outside of the inverter bridge circuits;3) reduced volume and higher efficiency than the conventional two-stage inverters, and 4) MPPT accuracy of 99.3% with overall efficiency of 90% under the full-load condition.

关键词： PV single-stage Inverter MPPT DSP

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NEWTYPE single—stage DC／AC INVERTER

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2002年第1期19卷 19-23页

作者： LiWei GongChunying YanYangguang ChenMin AeronauticalPowerSci-TechCenter NUAA29YudaoStreetNanjing210016P.R.China

This paper presents two kind to pologies of newtype single-stage inverter with half-bridge and push-pull *** half-bridge single-stage DC/AC topo-logyis suited for high input voltage,and the push-pull single stage DC/AC topology is suited for low input *** principles lf the two topologies are ***-oretical and experimental results verify that they are suit-ed for small power DC/AC applications because of the ex-cellent performances such as simple construction,smallvolume,light weight and high reliability.

关键词： inverters single-stage inverter DC/AC converter half-bridgepush-pull 逆变器工作原理电路拓扑结构 DC AC

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SSHT Process -a Low Cost Solution for Low Sulfur and Low Aromatics Diesel

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2003年第2期5卷 43-46页

作者： Gao Xiaodong Nie Hong Shi Yulin Shi Yahua Li Dadong(Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing 100083) Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Beijing 100083

The need for cleaner fuels has resulted in a continuing worldwide trend to reduce diesel sulfur and aromatics. There are many approaches to reducing sulfur and aromatics in diesel. Most of them have a common drawback of high cost because of adopting two stages of hydrotreating and using noble-metal catalyst, especially for reducing aromatics. The attempt to resolve this issue has led to the recent development of the single stage Hydrotreating (SSHT) process by Research Institute of Petroleum Processing (RIPP), *** SSHT process is a single-stage hydrotreating technology for producing low sulfur and low aromatics diesel. The process uses one or two non-noble-metal catalysts system and operates at moderate pressure. When revamping an existing unit to meet low aromatics diesel specification, the only thing to do is to add a reactor or replace the existing reactor, In pilot plant tests, the SSHT technology has successfully treated SRGO (Straight Run Gas Oil), LCO (Light Cycle Oil) or the blend of them. It is shown that by using the SSHT process diesel with sulfur of 30 ppm and aromatics of 15 m% can be produced from Middle-East SRGO and diesel with aromatics content of 25 m% can be produced from cracked feed, such as FCC-LCO. High diesel yield and cetane number gain (from cracked feed stocks) give the SSHT technology a performance advantage compared to conventional hydrocracking and hydrotreating *** lower investment and operating cost is another advantage. The first commercial application of the SSHT technology has been in operation since September 2001.

关键词： hydrotreating single-stage low sulfur low aromatics diesel

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The Research of Three-phase Boost/Buck-boost DC-AC Inverter

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Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第4期5卷 906-913页

作者： Xiangli Li Zhaoyang Yan Yanni Gao Hanhong Qi Key Lab of Power Electronics for Energy Conservation and Motor Drive of Hebei Province Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China

This paper presents a new inverter based on three-phase Boost/Buck-boost single-stage inverter. The basic configuration of the new topology and their fundamental principle are firstly introduced, the method of design double-loop controller and sliding mode controller are clarified, analyzed and compared in the following. Finally the validity and feasibility of the new topology are tested by simulation. The results indicate that regulation of the voltage transfer ratio and output frequency can be realized optionally by the new converter, furthermore the harmonic distortion of waveform is low. So the inherent drawback of low voltage transfer ratio of traditional converter is effectively settled. This study may provide inspiration for further engineering application.

关键词： Three-phase Boost single-stage Inverter Three-phase Buck-boost single-stage inverter Double-loop Controller Sliding Mode Controller

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A Novel Family of Integrated Step-up PV Micro-Inverter

A Novel Family of Integrated Step-up PV Micro-Inverter

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第37届中国控制会议

作者： Hui Li Jia Meng Mao Hu College of Communications Engineering Jilin University Changchun University of Technology College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

A family of integrated set-up micro-inverter was proposed for the application of photovoltaic power generation system The proposed inverters have the advantages of less power devices, simpler topology and higher integration and they can achieve voltage pump and invert at the same time. These topologies are suitable for the photovoltaic AC module which has low input voltage, small size and high integration. According to the existing integrated inverters, constructing the switch-diode（SD） unit through the traditional boost or buck-boost DC/DC converters, then proposing the switch-switch（SS） unit with bi-directional flow of the energy. At last, a family of integrated sep-up micro-inverter was derived by combining the SS unit. One of the proposed topologies was given as an example and verified by simulation prototype, which indicates that the topology can achieve the functions of voltage pump and inverting.

关键词： switch unit single-stage integrated micro-inverter step-up

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