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sexual abuse and Mental Disorders:The Dark Side of Violence

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第1期9卷 76-80页

作者： Isabella Aquila Matteo Antonio Sacco Pietrantonio Ricci Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences Institute of Legal MedicineUniversity“Magna Graecia”of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly

Rape and sexual violence occur in all social classes and *** most cases,the sexual offenders are known to the victim and the majority of rapes happen in intimate *** are particularly vulnerable to sexual abuse,in particular,the female *** sexual abuse of minors is defined as“any sexual activities that an adult carries on or with a person under the age of consent.”Literature evidence that the prevalence of any type of violence among women with disabilities varies between 26.0%and 90.0%,compared to nondisabled women,showing that people with disabilities have an increased risk of suffering physical and sexual *** with intellectual disabilities(ID)show a high risk of sexual *** World Health Organization presently defines mental retardation as“a significantly reduced ability to understand new or complex information and to learn and apply new skills(impaired intelligence).This results in a reduced ability to cope independently(impaired social functioning),and begins before adulthood,with a lasting effect on development.”The aim of this study is to investigate the correct identification of sexual abuse and severe mental retardation through the collaboration of a team of experts(forensic pathologist,psychiatrist,psychologist,gynecologist,pediatrician,and social worker).We present a case of a 12-year-old female child,who suffers from severe mental retardation and was the victim of rape by a 79-year-old *** study shows the difficulties in discovering episodes of sexual abuse among children affected by ID by evidencing the importance of adequate analysis through a multidisciplinary *** work focuses on the need to improve knowledge about medical and forensic investigations through proper protocols,for early recognition and appropriate management of these complicated cases.

关键词： Child abuse domestic violence and cultural context forensic interviewing mental health and violence sexual abuse

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Sensory information in children’s statements of sexual abuse

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第2期6卷 97-102页

作者： Gerard Niveau Geneva University Hospitals GenevaSwitzerland

The credibility of children’s statements of sexual abuse is a controversial issue in forensic psychiatry and *** and clinical laboratory studies show that real memories contain more information regarding sensory details than false *** goal of the present field study was to evaluate whether sensory information was present in child-ren’s statements of sexual abuse,and whether this information was more often present in credible statements compared with non-credible *** details were extracted from a sample of 96 statements of sexual abuse from children;62 statements were consi-dered credible and 34 statements were considered *** study showed that sensory information was present in 79% of children’s reports of child sexual *** information was significantly more often present in statements considered credible com-pared with non-credible statements(85.5%,Psexual abuse,but it has not yet been demonstrated that use of such details signifi-cantly improves the validity of credibility assessments.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic psychiatry forensic psychology credibility sensory information children’s statements sexual abuse

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How to Ensure Children’s Credibility of Testimony in sexual abuse Cases

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2017年第3期3卷 152-160页

作者： Wei-Hsin Chang School of Law Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyangHenan 471023China

There were several sexual abuse cases in Taiwan where the defendants having committed child rapes either received light punishment or held not *** led to the White Rose Movement in 2010,whereby the court decisions were criticized ruthlessly by *** those problematic court decisions with absurd reasoning,we have suspected that the legislative purpose of statutory rape and that of forcible rape applied to children and adults separately were mistakenly *** resulted in the consent of intercourse becoming a legal constituent requirement taken into consideration in child rape ***,a child’s consent on sex is invalid in the *** the child’s testimony was thought less creditable by some psychologists,Taiwan Residents courts have admitted the reports of defendant’s polygraph and child victim’s hymen tests to be presented in court to ensure the child’s *** paper,thus,based on Taiwan’s judicial experience,aims to explore the child’s credibility of testimony from legal and forensic linguistic aspects and to present an assessing method for reference.

关键词： Child victims consensual sex sexual abuse testimony hearsay exceptions

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Analysis of Medicolegal Examination in Alleged sexual abuse Presented to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Sri Lanka

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第2期9卷 120-129页

作者： G Indira Deepthi Kitulwatte H P Wijewardena P A S Edirisinghe U D Senarathne Department of Forensic Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaRagamaSri Lanka Office of the Judicial Medical Officer North Colombo Teaching HospitalRagamaSri Lanka Department of Bio Chemistry Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of Sri JayawardenapuraBoralesgamuwaSri Lanka

Forensic experts are often expected to provide an opinion on alleged physical or sexual contact between individuals following medicolegal examination of a case of sexual abuse(SA).There are many factors influencing the opinion.A retrospective descriptive study was performed to study the factors influencing the medicolegal opinion in SA forensic examination using medical and medicolegal records of alleged SA victims to extract *** of 441 victims were studied.A majority,180(40%),presented due to the guardian’s concerns-302(68%)presented for medicolegal examination 72 h after the *** injuries were observed in only 15%of the *** injuries were observed in 74%of the victims brought due to concerns of the guardians,with 12 victims having recent *** the 172 victims who complained of vaginal intercourse,21%had recent injuries.A firm positive medicolegal opinion could be given in 63%of all *** 124 individuals,a firm positive or negative opinion could not be given.A majority(n=90,73%)of these individuals did not have any injuries,while 23%had healed *** to the nature of the complaint,in a significant number of victims(53%),no scientific evidence was present to make a firm *** nature of the sexual act and the absence of injuries influence the medicolegal opinion on SA,making it a challenging task for forensic experts.

关键词： Evidence forensic injuries opinion sexual abuse

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Child abuse and psychopathy: Interplay, gender differences and biological correlates

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第12期11卷 1167-1176页

作者： Ester di Giacomo Mario Santorelli Rodolfo Pessina Daniele Rucco Valeria Placenti Francesca Aliberti Fabrizia Colmegna Massimo Clerici School of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano BicoccaMonza 20900Italy Department of Psychiatry ASST MonzaMonza 20090Italy School of Medicine and Surgery Psychiatric Residency Training ProgramUniversity of Milano BicoccaMonza 20900Italy Department of Psychology Linguistics and Cognitive NeuroscienceUniversity of Milano BicoccaMonza 20900Italy Department of Psychiatric Residency Training Program University of GenovaGenova 16126Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano-BicoccaMonza 20900Italy

Child abuse is an important source of mental and physical adverse consequences for victims,their family,and their *** impact of violence during childhood on the development of the victim is a very sensitive *** than internalizing symptoms,it is interesting to analyze the possibility that a victim may assume the role of *** this aim,we evaluate Literature and examine the interplay among different types of child abuse(emotional neglect,emotional abuse,physical neglect,physical abuse and sexual abuse)and the development of *** consider the role of post-traumatic stress disorder and that of personal environment as potential mediators between abuse and ***,an in-depth analysis on possible differences due to the victim's gender is ***,analysis focused on genetic variants,such as the polymorphism of 5HTT and MAO-A,or a biological alteration,like the difference in daily cortisol levels that could be related to the development of psychopathy after a trauma.

关键词： Child abuse sexual abuse Physical abuse Psychopathy Neglect Intergenerational transmission

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Irritable bowel syndrome and chronic pelvic pain: A singular or two different clinical syndrome?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第25期13卷 3446-3455页

作者： Anna Matheis Ute Martens Johannes Kruse Paul Enck Department of Psychosomatic medicine University Hospitals Tübingen Germany Department of Psychosomatics Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf Germany

Irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） and chronic pelvic pain （CPP） are both somatoform disorders with a high prevalence within the population in general. The objective was to compare both entities, to find the differences and the similarities related to epidemiology and psychosocial aspects like stressful life events, physical and sexual abuse, illness behaviour and comorbidity. The technical literature was reviewed systematically from 1971 to 2006 and compared. According to literature, IBS and CPP seem to be one rather than two different entities with the same Iocalisation of pain. Both syndromes also are similar concerning prevalence, the coexistence of mental and somatoform disorders, the common history of sexual and physical abuse in the past and their health care utilization. It could be shown that there were many similarities between IBS and CPP. Nevertheless both are traded as different clinical pictures as far. Therefore it seems to be reasonable and necessary to generate a common diagnosis algorithm and to bring gynaecologists and gastroenterologists into dialogue.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Chronic pelvicpain Somatoform disorder Stressfull live event Physicalabuse sexual abuse Illness behaviour Comorbidity

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Psychosocial determinants of irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第7期18卷 616-626页

作者： Teodora Surdea-Blaga Adriana Bban Dan L Dumitrascu 2nd Medical Department University of Medicine and Pharmacy IuliuHatieganuCluj-Napoca 400006Romania Department of Psychology Babes-Bolyai UniversityCluj-Napoca 400006Romania

From a pure motor disorder of the bowel,in the past few years,irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has become a multifactorial disease that implies visceral hypersensitivity,alterations at the level of nervous and humoral communications between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system,alteration of the gut microflora,an increased intestinal permeability and minimum intestinal *** and social factors can interfere with the communication between the central and enteric nervous systems,and there is proof that they are involved in the onset of IBS and influence the response to treatment and *** is evidence that abuse history and stressful life events are involved in the onset of functional gastrointestinal *** order to explain clustering of IBS in families,genetic factors and social learning mechanisms have been *** psychological features,such as anxiety,depression as well as the comorbid psychiatric disorders,health beliefs and coping of patients with IBS are discussed in relation to the symptoms and outcome.

关键词： Anxiety Depressive symptoms Irritablebowel syndrome Personality Psychosocial factors sexual abuse Stressful events

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Childhood Adversity Phenotypes and Risky Health Behaviors among Chinese Adolescents: Extending the Concept of Adversity

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期35卷 699-710页

作者： WANG Geng Fu YUAN Meng Yuan CHANG Jun Jie LI Yong Han SU Pu Yu Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent HealthSchool of Public HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032AnhuiChina Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle(Anhui Medical University) Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of ChinaHefei 230032AnhuiChina NHC Key Laboratory of study onabnormal gametes and reproductive tract Hefei 230032AnhuiChina

ObjectiveTo present an approach to phenotyping ACEs and explore the association between ACEs and adolescent health risky behaviors based on the social context of *** Totally,5,726 adolescents aged 12-18 years were investigated about their ACEs in the family,peer,school,and personal domains and the occurrence of six types of risky health behaviors(i.e.,smoking,drinking,sexual intercourse,self-harm,and suicidal ideation and attempts).Latent class analysis(LCA)was used to explore the ACE *** Six latent classes of ACEs were identified,including low adversity,school adversity,school adversity and peer victimization,peer victimization,maltreatment and peer victimization,and high adversity,and associated with risky health behaviors in *** physically punished by a teacher,experiencing sexual abuse,and experiencing family trauma most strongly differentiated from the six AcE classes and were correlated with an increased risk for risky adolescent health *** study supports a positive association between ACEs and risky adolescent health *** victimization,school adversity and associated contexts need to be considered in future ACEstudies.

关键词： Adverse childhood experiences Adolescents Healthy risky behaviors sexual abuse Peer victimization China

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试论晚清江浙地区女性性侵害问题

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中国近代史 2010年第8期 94-100页

作者：曹婷婷

晚清，江浙地区由于新的经济、文化的影响，加之战争频发，匪徒肆行，治安恶化，社会混乱，女性受性侵害成为严重社会问题，引起了统治者的极大重视，着手大力整饬和规束，并加大了惩治力度。但由于律条对于性侵害的界定严苛，不易定性... 详细信息

晚清，江浙地区由于新的经济、文化的影响，加之战争频发，匪徒肆行，治安恶化，社会混乱，女性受性侵害成为严重社会问题，引起了统治者的极大重视，着手大力整饬和规束，并加大了惩治力度。但由于律条对于性侵害的界定严苛，不易定性，加之一旦诉官，历经堂审等过程，妇女的名节必大受影响。传统观念的制约、社会舆论的压力、法律保护的不完善，以及官盗勾结等现象的存在，使遭受性侵害的女性及家庭往往不愿告官，而倾向于以私下的暴力手段解决，更有受害女性以身死而保名节。其行为方式及动因，从一个侧面反映出当时社会状况以及受害妇女作为弱势群体的困境。

关键词：性侵害晚清江浙地区 sexual abuse late Qing Dynasty Jiangsu and Zhejiang

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Sex Slavery in India： Unpacking the Stories of Trafficking Victims

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Sociology Study 2016年第10期6卷 629-638页

作者： Madhumita Pandey Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge United Kingdom

While there is no consensus on the number of domestic sex trafficking victims in India, the phenomenon is estimated to be widespread and the evidence of its impact on victims is devastating. This paper explored the narratives of 10 sex trafficked women from a major non-government organization in New Delhi. Qualitative methodology was adopted and data were collected through open-ended unstructured interviews. The victimological paradigm including the Lifestyle Risk Model （LRM） by Van der Hoven and Maree provided the framework to discuss the key issues related to sex trafficking. Psychological experiences such as being abused by husbands, and in some cases, victims＇ own families; social conditions such as poverty and education; cultural practices such as vulnerability of women and marginalization; and lifestyle risk factors were observed throughout the stories of the victims. Furthermore, shame was found to be the core emotion in the stigmatization process. Limitations and future directions are also discussed.

关键词： Sex trafficking prostitution India. women sexual abuse shame

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