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Evaluation of Plasma Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor and Interleukin 34 in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C as serological Fibrosis markers

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Open Journal of Immunology 2021年第2期11卷 25-38页

作者： Mona M. Abdulwehab Aziza A. Ahmed Wafaa M. Elzefzafy Reham Sabry Abeer Mohammed Abdul-Mohymen Clinical Pathology Department Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Departments Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt

Background: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is a progressive disease that may result in chronic hepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. Assessment of liver fibrosis is an essential factor in the management of chronic HCV. Objective: To evaluate plasma soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (sUPAR) and interleukin-34 (IL-34) as serological markers of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic HCV. Methods: This case-control study enrolled 60 chronic HCV patients who were subdivided into three groups of mild, moderate and severe hepatic fibrosis depending on Fibrosis-4 score (FIB-4). Patients were compared with 20 age and sex-matched controls. Plasma sUPAR and IL-34 levels were measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: Plasma sUPAR and IL-34 were significantly increased in HCV patients when compared with controls, and their increase was positively correlated with the progression of hepatic fibrosis. Plasma sUPAR and IL-34 positively correlated with Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), and negatively correlated with hemoglobin concentration and platelet count. The output data of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve to differentiate patients from controls revealed that sUPAR at cut-off > 186.2 ng/L and Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.944 had (85%) sensitivity and (100%) specificity, and IL-34 at cut off > 16.4 ng/L and AUC of 0.942 had (75%) sensitivity and (100%) specificity. The output data of ROC curve to differentiate severe from mild to moderate hepatic fibrosis patients revealed that sUPAR at cut-off > 510 ng/L and AUC of 0.837 had (80%) sensitivity and (90%) specificity. While IL-34 at cut off > 55.3 ng/L and AUC of 0.844 had (85%) sensitivity and (80%) specificity. Conclusions: Increased plasma levels of sUPAR and IL-34 in chronic HCV patients with liver fibrosis and their increase was parallel to the degree of liver

关键词： HCV Liver Fibrosis serological markers sUPAR IL-34

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Current guidelines for the management of celiac disease:A systematic review with comparative analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第1期28卷 154-175页

作者： Alberto Raiteri Alessandro Granito Alice Giamperoli Teresa Catenaro Giulia Negrini Francesco Tovoli Division of Internal Medicine Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic DiseasesIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy

BACKGROUND Wheat and other gluten-containing grains are widely consumed,providing approximately 50%of the caloric intake in both industrialised and developing *** widespread diffusion of gluten-containing diets has rapidly led to a sharp increase in celiac disease *** condition was thought to be very rare outside Europe and relatively ignored by health professionals and the global ***,in recent years,the discovery of important diagnostic and pathogenic milestones has led to the emergence of celiac disease(CD)from obscurity to global *** modifications have prompted experts worldwide to identify effective strategies for the diagnosis and follow-up of *** scientific societies,mainly from Europe and America,have proposed guidelines based on CD's most recent *** To identify the most recent scientific guidelines on CD,aiming to find and critically analyse the main *** We performed a database search on PubMed selecting papers published between January 2010 and January 2021 in the English *** was lastly accessed on 1 March *** We distinguished guidelines from 7 different scientific societies whose reputation is worldwide recognized and representative of the clinical practice in different geographical *** were noted in the possibility of a no-biopsy diagnosis,HLA testing,follow-up protocols,and *** We found a relatively high concordance between the guidelines for *** modifications have occurred in the last years,especially about the possibility of a no-biopsy diagnosis in *** modifications are expected in the next future and will probably involve the extension of the non-invasive diagnosis to the adult population and the follow-up modalities.

关键词： Celiac disease Gluten Gluten-free diet Gluten sensitivity Clinical guidelines Non-invasive diagnosis Histopathological findings serological markers Genetics

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Non-invasive investigation in patients with inflammatory joint disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第20期15卷 2463-2468页

作者： Elisabetta Dal Pont Renata D’Incà Antonino Caruso Giacomo Carlo Sturniolo Department of Surgical and Gastro-enterological Sciences University of Padova

Gut inflammation can occur in 30%-60% of patients with ***, the presence of such gut inflammation is underestimated, only 27% of patients with histological evidence of gut inflammation have intestinal symptoms, but subclinical gut inflammation is documented in two-thirds of patients with inflammatory joint *** are common genetic and immunological mechanisms behind concomitant inflammation in the joints and intestinal tract.A number of blood tests, *** sedimentation rate, orosomucoid, C-reactive protein, and white cell and platelet counts, are probably the most commonly used laboratory markers of inflammatory disease, however, these tests are difficult to interpret in arthropathies associated with gut inflammation, since any increases in their blood levels might be attributable to either the joint disease or to gut ***, it would be useful to have a marker capable of separately identifying gut *** proteins, which are indirect markers of neutrophil migration in the gut wall, and intestinal permeability, seem to be ideal for monitoring intestinal inflammation:they are easy to measure non-invasively and are specific for intestinal disease in the absence of gastrointestinal *** the traditional markers for characterizing intestinal inflammation, there are also antibodies, in all probability generated by the immune response to microbial antigens and auto-antigens, which have proved useful in establishing the diagnosis and assessing the severity of the condition, as well as the prognosis and the risk of *** short, noninvasive investigations on the gut in patients with rheumatic disease may be useful in clinical practice for a preliminary assessment of patients with suspected intestinal disease.

关键词： Biochemical markers Fecal markers Inflammatory bowel disease Intestinal permeability serological markers Spondyloarthropathies

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Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and associated risk factors among adult females infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Ogun State,Nigeria

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Infectious Diseases Research 2023年第3期4卷 1-9页

作者： John Cletus Ihongbe Seyi Samson Enitan Michael Olugbamila Dada Oluchi Ofem Oluchi Gladys Ofem Effiong Joseph Effiong Olalekan Ademola Kemiki Amarachi Favour Ogbonna Department of Medical Laboratory Science Babcock UniversityIlishan-Remo 121103StateNigeria Babcock University Teaching Hospital Molecular and Tissue Culture LaboratoryIlishan-Remo 121103Nigeria

Background:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa,including Nigeria,and is frequently observed in individuals co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).Objective:This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis B virus and identify the associated risk factors among women with HIV undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)in Ogun State,***:Ethical approval was obtained from the Babcock University Health Research Ethics Committee(BUHREC)to recruit a total of 110 adult women infected with HIV,receiving treatment at the HIV clinics of Babcock University Teaching Hospital(BUTH)in Ilishan-Remo and General Hospital in Ijebu-Ode,both located in Ogun State,*** participants’HIV status were confirmed using three rapid diagnostic kits:Determine(Abbott Laboratories,Tokyo,Japan),Unigold HIV(Trinity Biotech Plc Bray,***,Ireland),and 1/2 Stat Pak(Abbott Laboratories,Tokyo,Japan)(Chembio Diagnostic Systems,New York,USA).Additionally,an HBV 5 in 1 Panel manufactured by Innovation Biotechnology Co.,Ltd in Beijing,China,was employed to detect HBV markers qualitatively in serum ***:Out of the 110 subjects that voluntarily participated in the study,4(3.6%)tested positive for HBsAg,2(1.8%)tested positive for HBsAb,81(73.6%)tested positive for HBeAg,3(2.7%)tested positive for HBeAb,and 65(59.1%)tested positive for *** was no significant correlation between the occurrence of HBsAg and the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants(P>0.05).Various risk factors were identified,including lack of knowledge about HBV,absence of HBV vaccination history,history of blood transfusion,organ transplant,and engaging in unprotected sex,among ***:The findings highlight the presence of HBV infection among HIV-positive women undergoing HAART in Ogun State,Nigeria,particularly within the age groups of 18–25 years and 26–30 *** results emphasize the n

关键词： hepatitis B virus serological markers HIV HAART adult females South-West Nigeria

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Do we really understand what the immunological disturbances in inflammatory bowel disease mean?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第5期15卷 521-525页

作者： Epameinondas V Tsianos Konstantinos Katsanos 1st Department of Internal Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit Medical School University of Ioannina Ioannina 45110 Greece

The gastrointestinal tract uses a system of tolerance and controlled inflammation to limit the response to dietary or bacteria-derived antigens in the gut. When this complex system breaks down, either by a chemi- cal or pathogenic insult in a genetically predisposed individual the resulting immune response may lead to inflammatory bowel disease. Although the aetio- pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease remains unsolved current evidence indicates that defective T-cell apoptosis and impairment of intestinal epithelial barrier function play important roles. In inflammatory bowel disease, it has been reported that activation of macrophages seems to be as important as increased production of the macrophage-derived cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6. The triggering factor for this cascade is still to be elucidated as to whether it rep- resents an auto-antigen or a hetero-antigen. It has been also demonstrated that a serologic anti-microbial response exists. This response includes antibodies against saccharomyces cerevisiae （ASCA）, E. coli outer membrane porin C （Omp-C）, flagelin （cBirl） and pseu- domonas aeroginosa （I2）. Host response to microbial pathogens includes self-defense mechanisms including defensins, pattern recognition receptors and Toll-like receptors. Neuroimmunomodulation in inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） is another interesting approach with implications on the influence of brain-gut axis on intestinal inflammation and its perpetuation. It isprobable that inflammatory bowel disease represents a heterogenic group of diseases that share similar mechanisms of tissue damage but have different ini- tiating events and immunoregulatory abnormalities. A better understanding of all these events will hope- fully provide new insights into the mechanisms of epithelial responses to microorganisms and ideas for therapies.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Immunologicaldisturbances serological markers Pathogenesis

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Clinical validation of serum immunosignatures in early diagnosis of Crohn's disease

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iLABMED 2023年第3期1卷 181-189页

作者： Xianzong Ma Wenyu Zhang Xin Wang Lang Yang Juan Jiao Yan Jia Dezhi Wang Junfeng Xu Peng Jin Mingjie Zhang Shirong Li Yuanming Pan Jianqiu Sheng Medical School of Chinese PLA Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Department of Gastroenterology The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Capital Medical University BeijingChina Senior Department of Gastroenterology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Laboratory Medicine Center The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Cancer Research Center Beijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Background:The search for biomarkers suitable for early diagnosis of Crohn's disease(CD)is *** study investigated the efficacy of serological markers for the early diagnosis of ***:This was a retrospective nested cohort *** immuno-fluorescence and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect ASCA IgG,ASCA IgA,AYMA IgG,AYCA IgG,FI2Y IgG,p‐ANCA IgG,GAB IgG and PAB IgG in patient serum ***:The positive rates of ASCA IgG,ASCA IgA,AYMA IgG,AYCA IgG,FI2Y IgG,p‐ANCA IgG,GAB IgG and PAB IgG in patients with early CD,advanced CD and other intestinal diseases were 37.0%versus 56.8%versus 27.8%;3.7%versus 20.5%versus 19.4%;14.8%versus 2.3%versus 2.8%;25.9%versus 9.1%versus 8.3%;18.5%versus 15.9%versus 8.3%;0.0%versus 2.8%,18.5%;13.6%versus 18.2%versus 16.7%;and 7.4%versus 20.5%versus 0.0%,*** positive rates of ASCA IgG,AYCA IgG and PAB IgG were significantly different among the three groups(p<0.05).In 85.2%of early CD patients,at least one antibody was detected 1 year before *** sensitivity of the ASCA/AYMA/AYCA/FI2Y/GAB combination for early diagnosis was 85.2%.The sensitivity of the ASCA/AYMA/AYCA/FI2Y/GAB/PAB/PANCA combination for differentiating CD from other diseases was 87.3%.Conclusions:ASCA IgG and AYCA IgG have potential value in identifying the course of *** IgG may be a potential marker for the early diagnosis of CD,and ASCA IgG indicates an advanced *** combination of ASCA,AYMA,AYCA,FI2Y,and GAB improves early diagnostic accuracy of CD.

关键词： Crohn's disease early diagnosis serological markers AYCA ASCA

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