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separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts with monothio-Cyanex 272 and trioctylamine

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第5期30卷 877-885页

作者： Junlian Wang Lu Liu Wen Xu Hui Liu Guodong Xu Kun Huang Fengshan Yu Guoyong Huang School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines Beijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of Chemical EngineeringChina University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102249China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Jiangxi Province Han’s Precious Metals Co. Ltd.Shangrao 335500China

Platinum group metals(PGMs),especially Pd,Pt,and Rh,have drawn great attention due to their unique features.Direct separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic automobile catalyst leach liquors is disturbed by various factors.This work investigates the effect of various parameters including the acidity,extractant concentration,phase ratio A/O,and diluents on the Pd and Pt extraction and their stripping behaviors.The results show that the Pd and Pt are successfully separated from simulated leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts with monothioCyanex 272 and trioctylamine(TOA).Monothio-Cyanex 272 shows strong extractability and specific selectivity for Pd,and only one single stage is needed to recover more than 99.9% of Pd,leaving behind all the Pt,Rh,and base metals of Fe,Mg,Ce,Ni,Cu,and Co in the raffinate.The loaded Pd is efficiently stripped by acidic thiourea solutions.TOA shows strong extractability for Pt and Fe at acidity of 6 mol·L^(–1) HCl.More than 99.9% of Pt and all of the Fe are extracted into the organic phase after two stages of countercurrent extraction.Diluted HCl easily scrubs the loaded base metals(Fe,Cu,and Co).The loaded Pt is efficiently stripped by 1.0 mol·L^(–1) thiourea and 0.05–0.1 mol·L^(–1) Na OH solutions.Monothio-Cyanex 272 and TOA can realize the separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts.

关键词： platinum group metals spent automobile catalysts extraction separation high chloride media

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separation of aluminum from rare earth by solvent extraction with 4-octyloxybenzoic acid

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第2期41卷 290-299页

作者： Gaoshan Yu Zhiyuan Zeng Yun Gao Shuainan Ni Hepeng Zhang Xiaoqi Sun CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China Fujian Research Center for Rare Earth Engineering Technology Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production of Rare Earths Ganjiang Innovation AcademyChinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou 341000China

Leaching method is usually used to extract rare earth(RE)elements from ion adsorbed RE ores.In the leaching process,some impurities such as aluminum(Al)enter the leaching solution.The separation of Al from RE by carboxylic acid extractant 4-octyloxybenzoic acid(POOA)was studied in this article.By changing the pH value,temperature,solvent,saponification degree and other parameters,the extraction and separation performance of POOA in chloride system was systematically studied.Through specific extraction experiments and slope analysis,it can be seen that the stoichiometric ratio of POOA to Al is 3:1during the extraction process.The separation factor of Al^(3+)and Pr^(3+)can reach about 160.00.Compared with easily emulsified naphthenic acid,POOA achieves better phase separation.The above results show that saponified POOA(S-POOA)has a good separation effect on Al and RE.Under the condition of low concentration stripping acid of 0.60 mol/L HCl,the developed extraction system can be almost completely stripped,and the stripping rate reaches 97.52%.The regenerated POOA can be directly used for the recycling extraction.

关键词： Rare earths Aluminium 4-octyoxybenzoic acid Solvent extraction separation

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separation of chitin from shrimp shells enabled by transition metal salt aqueous solution and ionic liquid

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第1期53卷 133-141页

作者： Mi Feng Bin He Xinyan Chen Junli Xu Xingmei Lu Cai Jia Jian Sun Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologySchool of Life SciencesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyAdvanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsState Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean ProcessInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Chitin is a widely used important industrial polymer mainly from shrimp shells, but its commercial preparation is under the great challenge of serious pollution due to the requirement of HCl and Na OH.Herein, we demonstrated that high purity chitin can be obtained from waste shrimp shells(WSSs) by cascade separation with transition metal salt aqueous solution and ionic liquid(IL). Firstly, calcium carbonate of WSSs was effectively removed in the metal salt aqueous solution driven by the ion exchange interaction. Subsequently, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([Bmim]Cl) had bifunctional abilities to remove residual protein and introduced metal salts simultaneously by hydrogen bonding and coordination interactions. The key experimental factors affecting the separation process were systematically studied, including the type of metal salts, temperature, and [Bmim]Cl loading. After sequential treatment with a 20%(mass) Ni SO4aqueous solution at 130 ℃ and [Bmim]Cl at 150 ℃, the purity of a-chitin can be up to 96.5%(mass) that meets commercial requirements. The use of metal salts with higher coordination ability makes the preparation of chitin no longer depend on the commonly acid-base reaction, which is conducive to the preservation of chitin structure.

关键词： Chitin Ionic liquids Transition metal salts separation Sustainability

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separation of trivalent rare earths from nitrate medium using solvent extraction with a novel extractant 2-ethylhexyl((2-ethylhexylamino)methyl)phosphonic acid

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第3期40卷 491-500,I0005页

作者： Yongmei Fu Mingxia Huang Zhulin Zhou Zhongjun Li Wuping Liao Youcai Lu Green Catalysis Center and College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China

By introducing the amine group into the structure of P227,a novel extractant 2-ethylhexyl((2-ethylhexylamino)methyl)phosphonic acid(EEAMPA,abbreviated as HA)was synthesized for the extraction and separation of trivalent rare earths(REs)from nitrate medium.The influence factors including extractant concentration,equilibrium time,HNO_(3)concentration,separation factors,cycle regeneration,stripping acidity,and actual leach liquor of metal ions,were studied systematically.The results show that the extraction ability of EEAMPA for REs decreases with increasing acidity.A possible extraction mechanism is proposed and the extracted species as REHA_(3)(NO_(3))are confirmed by the slope analysis method.The extraction equilibrium can reach faster than P227.It shows good chemical stability and cycling regeneration.Stripping studies show that HCl is an excellent stripping agent and REs can be effectively stripped from the organic phase.

关键词： Rare eartn Extraction separation α-aminophosphonic acid Extractant

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Elasto-inertial microfluidic separation of microspheres with submicron resolution at high-throughput

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 203-216页

作者： Hyunwoo Jeon Song Ha Lee Jongho Shin Kicheol Song Nari Ahn Jinsoo Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong-ro Buk-guGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Analytical Engineering Team Samsung Display Co.Ltd.181 Samsung-roTangjeong-myeonAsan-siChungcheongnam-do 31454Republic of Korea

Elasto-inertial microfluidic separation offers many advantages including high throughput and separation resolution.Even though the separation efficiency highly depends on precise control of the flow conditions,no concrete guidelines have been reported yet in elasto-inertial microfluidics.Here,we propose a dimensionless analysis for precise estimation of the microsphere behaviors across the interface of Newtonian and viscoelastic fluids.Reynolds number,modified Weissenberg number,and modified elastic number are used to investigate the balance between inertial and elastic lift forces.Based on the findings,we introduce a new dimensionless number defined as the width of the Newtonian fluid stream divided by microsphere diameter.The proposed dimensionless analysis allows us to predict whether the microspheres migrate across the co-flow interface.The theoretical estimation is found to be in good agreement with the experimental results using 2.1-and 3.2-μm-diameter polystyrene microspheres in a co-flow of water and polyethylene oxide solution.Based on the theoretical estimation,we also realize submicron separation of the microspheres with 2.1 and 2.5μm in diameter at high throughput,high purity(>95%),and high recovery rate(>97%).The applicability of the proposed method was validated by separation of platelets from similar-sized Escherichia coli(E.coli).

关键词： solution. separation estimation

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Acoustofluidic separation of prolate and spherical micro-objects

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 217-230页

作者： Muhammad Soban Khan Mushtaq Ali Song Ha Lee Keun Young Jang Seong Jae Lee Jinsoo Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong-roBuk-guGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Polymer Engineering The University of Suwon17 Wauan-gilBongdam-eupHwaseongGyeonggi 18323Republic of Korea

Most microfluidic separation techniques rely largely on object size as a separation marker.The ability to separate micro-objects based on their shape is crucial in various biomedical and chemical assays.Here,we develop an ondemand,label-free acoustofluidic method to separate prolate ellipsoids from spherical microparticles based on traveling surface acoustic wave-induced acoustic radiation force and torque.The freely rotating non-spherical microobjects were aligned under the progressive acoustic field by the counterrotating radiation torque,and the major axis of the prolate ellipsoids was parallel to the progressive wave propagation.The specific alignment of the ellipsoidal particles resulted in a reduction in the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the wave propagation.As a consequence,the acoustic backscattering decreased,resulting in a decreased magnitude of the radiation force.Through the variation in radiation force,which depended on the micro-object morphology enabled the acoustofluidic shape-based separation.We conducted numerical simulations for the wave scattering of spherical and prolate objects to elucidate the working mechanism underlying the proposed method.A series of experiments with polystyrene microspheres,prolate ellipsoids,and peanut-shaped microparticles were performed for validation.Through quantitative analysis of the separation efficiency,we confirmed the high purity and high recovery rate of the proposed acoustofluidic shapebased separation of micro-objects.As a bioparticle,we utilize Thalassiosira eccentrica to perform shape-based separation,as the species has a variety of potential applications in drug delivery,biosensing,nanofabrication,bioencapsulation and immunoisolation.

关键词： separation spherical rotating

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Low-noise fluorescent detection of cardiac troponin I in human serum based on surface acoustic wave separation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第6期9卷 261-272页

作者： Xuan Chen Chuanyu Zhang Xianglian Liu Yangchao Dong Hao Meng Xianming Qin Zhuangde Jiang Xueyong Wei State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXian 710049China Department of Microbiology School of Preclinical MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China The Second Affliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710004China School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering Xidian UniversityXi'an 710071China

Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a life-threatening disease when sudden blockage of coronary artery occurs.As the most specific biomarker,cardiac troponin I(cTnI)is usually checked separately to diagnose or eliminate AMI,and achieving the accurate detection of cTnI is of great significance to patients'life and health.Compared with other methods,fluorescent detection has the advantages of simple operation,high sensitivity and wide applicability.However,due to the strong fluorescence interference of biological molecules in body fluids,it is often difficult to obtain high sensitivity.In order to solve this problem,in this study,surface acoustic wave separation is designed to purify the target to achieve more sensitive detection performance of fluorescent detection.Specifically,the interference of background noise is almost completely removed on a microfluidic chip by isolating microbeads through acoustic radiation force,on which the biomarkers are captured by the immobilized detection probe.And then,the concentration of cTnI in human serum is detected by the fluorescence intensity change of the isolated functionalized beads.By this way,the detection limit of our biosensor calculated by 3σ/K method is 44 pg/mL and 0.34 ng/mL in PBS buffer and human serum respectively.Finally,the reliability of this method has been validated by comparison with clinical tests from the nephelometric analyzer in hospital.

关键词： cardiac separation noise

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基于化学诱导系统chemiDroplet实现相分离的可逆调控

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 441-444页

作者：田超万圣鹏卢毅王平葛欣方兰 Cancer Center Shanghai Tenth People’s HospitalTongji University School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200072China Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine Tongji University School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200331China

Liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS)emerges as a general approach for the generation of biomolecular condensates,which play important roles in various biological processes,including chromatin organization,transcription,translation,protein degradation,and signal transduction^([1]).Irregular phase separation is often associated with cancer,neurodegeneration,and other human diseases^([2]).

关键词： diseases separation chemi

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separation of atropisomers by chiral liquid chromatography and thermodynamic analysis of separation mechanism

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2017年第3期7卷 156-162页

作者： Ling Zhang Yue Hu Elizabeth Galella Frank P. Tomasella William P. Fish Chemical and Synthetic Development Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.New BrunswickNJ 08903USA Drug Product Science and Technology Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.New BrunswickNJ 08903USA

In the pharmaceutical industry, the analysis of atropisomers is of considerable interest from both scientific and regulatory perspectives. The compound of interest contains two stereogenic axes due to the hindered rotation around the single bonds connecting the aryl groups, which results in four potential configurational isomers(atropisomers). The separation of the four atropisomers was achieved on a derivatized β-cyclodextrin bonded stationary phase. Further investigation showed that low temperature conditions, including sample preparation(-70 °C), sample storage(-70 °C), and chromatographic separation(6 °C), were critical to preventing interconversion. LC-UV-laser polarimetric analysis identified peaks 1 and 2 as a pair of enantiomers and peaks3 and 4 as another. Thermodynamic analysis of the retention data indicated that the separation of the pairs of enantiomers is primarily enthalpy controlled as indicated by the positive slope of the van't Huff plot. The difference in absolute Δ(Δ H), ranged from 2.20 k J/mol to 2.42 k J/mol.

关键词： Atropisomer separation Chiral HPLC Thermodynamic parameters β-cyclodextrin stationary phase Chiral separation mechanism

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Recent Advances in Carbon-Based Adsorbents for Adsorptive separation of Light Hydrocarbons

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Research 2022年第4期2022卷 261-281页

作者： Yong-Sheng Wang Xue-Jie Zhang Ya-Qi Ba Tian-Yi Li Guang-Ping Hao An-Hui Lu State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Liaoning Key Laboratory for Catalytic Conversion of Carbon ResourcesSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

Light hydrocarbons(LHs)separation is an important process in petrochemical industry.The current separation technology predominantly relies on cryogenic distillation,which results in considerable energy consumption.Adsorptive separation using porous solids has received widespread attention due to its lower energy footprint and higher efficiency.Thus,tremendous efforts have been devoted to the design and synthesis of high-performance porous solids.Among them,porous carbons display exceptional stability,tunable pore structure,and surface chemistry and thus represent a class of novel adsorbents upon achieving the matched pore structures for LHs separations.In this review,the modulation strategies toward advanced carbonbased adsorbents for LHs separation are firstly reviewed.Then,the relationships between separation performances and key structural parameters of carbon adsorbents are discussed by exemplifying specific separation cases.The research findings on the control of the pore structures as well as the quantification of the adsorption sites are highlighted.Finally,the challenges of carbonaceous adsorbents facing for LHs separation are given,which would motivate us to rationally design more efficient absorbents and separation processes in future.

关键词： separation adsorbent porous

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