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Partial backlogging inventory model with price and stock level dependent demand,time varying holding cost and quantity discounts

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Journal of Management Analytics 2022年第1期9卷 32-59页

作者： M.Palanive M.Suganya Department of Mathematics Mepco Schlenk Engineering College(Autonomous)SivakasiTamilNaduIndia Department of Mathematics Sri Amaraavathi College of Arts and ScienceKarurTamilNaduIndia

This article deals with an increasing total profit for inventory optimal ordered quantity and partial backlogging with the holding cost depending on the storage time period,and the rate of market demand is assumed to fluctuate as a function,based on level of stock and selling ***,using the concept of a Hessian matrix,we have proved the concave nature of the profit function for the case where maximum cost is ***,in order to validate the derived models,numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are *** numerical test,we show that the proposed algorithms give quite satisfactory ***,it can be concluded that the total profit can be increased by allowing shortage and partial backlogging.

关键词： inventory selling price backlogging variable holding cost

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宋元图书的刻印、销售价与市场

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经济史 2010年第3期 31-44页

作者：周生春孔祥来

刊印于南宋前期的《小畜集》、《续世说》、《大易粹言》、《汉隽》、《二俊文集》和《（嘉泰）会稽志》等书的页均印造价和书板价分别为3.367和1302.703文足，均略高于元代后期刊印的《十七史》的32.250文和《十七史》、《金陵新志》... 详细信息

刊印于南宋前期的《小畜集》、《续世说》、《大易粹言》、《汉隽》、《二俊文集》和《（嘉泰）会稽志》等书的页均印造价和书板价分别为3.367和1302.703文足，均略高于元代后期刊印的《十七史》的32.250文和《十七史》、《金陵新志》的平均数中统钞9.090两。元代两书的页均刊刻成本为中统钞5.570131两。宋代以降，雕版图书的页均印造价、书板价和刊刻成本似呈下降趋势。宋刊《杜工部集》、《小畜集》、《大易粹言》和《汉隽》的页均售价和利润相差很大，全国性的雕版图书统一市场似尚未形成。以上四书的页均现售价为7.596文足，明显高于抄本的5.301文足，而抄本又普遍高于《小畜集》、《大易粹言》和《汉隽》的页均赁板印造价3.667文足、3.433文足和2.769文足。这是赁板钱流行以及手抄本与刊本长期并存的主要原因。而短期内大印数需求的缺乏，则是活字无法取代雕版的主要原因。

关键词：印造价书板价刊刻成本销售价市场 printing price tablet price inscribing cost selling price market

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Marketing of African Walnut [Tetracarpidium conophorum Mull. （Arg）] in Southwest Nigeria： Production Issues and Contributions to Stakeholders

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2011年第4期1卷 523-531页

作者： F. D. Babalola Department of Forest Resources Management University of florin Kwara State 240003 Nigeria

The survey was carried out in Ekiti, Oyo, Ogun, Ondo, and Osun states located in SW Nigeria. The respondents for the study include thirty marketers and thirty producers of African walnut randomly selected within each of the state, making a total of 60 respondents per state and 300 for the five states. Two sets of structured questionnaires were designed, one for each eatergory of the respondents. The questionnaires were designed to solicit information on demographic characteristics of the producers and marketers of African walnut, production and marketing challenges of the walnut, price trend along the marketing chain, and interraction and relationships of the middlemen. The questionnaires were administered through individual and focus group methods. Also, indepth interview of the respondents was conducted to supplement data obtained from the questionnaires. Purposive sampling method was used to select local markets where the walnut were sold for study of the price trend of the walnut for two seasons （from 2007 to 2008）. Marketing of the walnut started with farmers that plant the perennial climber on their farmland, while the marketing intermediaries include the village merchants, wholesalers, and the retailers. Adult male dominated the production sector of African walnut while processing and marketing the nuts were mostly done by the women and children. There is high demand for the walnut as delicacy and snack; although industrial usage is yet to be fully developed. Marketing of the cooked nuts and at retail quantity had the highest profit along the marketing chain. There is need for expansion of the current scale of production of the walnut to meet increasing demand. Provision of appropriate storage facilities to prevent spoilage of the product in rural areas and good rural road network for easy conveyance to urban markets where it is majorly consumed is pertinent for marketing of the walnut.

关键词： Africa walnut marketing chain selling price retail quantities wholesaler village merchant storage facility.

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From Trends to Drivers:Key Factors Propelling Electric Vehicle Sales

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Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 2024年第4期7卷 177-182页

作者： Yujin Li School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

With the rapid advancement of human economic levels and modern civilization,the automobile manufacturing industry is increasingly confronted with challenges related to energy scarcity and environmental *** carbon emissions and energy savings have become the main focus of automotive *** the influence of government incentives,the sales of household electric vehicles(EVs)have increased significantly,although they still represent a small share of the overall car *** examine the factors influencing consumer purchases of household EVs,this report integrates both qualitative and quantitative analyses,controlling for single *** linear regression,an empirical analysis was conducted on 18 BYD models with varying ranges and *** results indicate a strong positive correlation between driving range,selling price,and EV *** ahead,the development of new energy vehicles should prioritize longer ranges,high-quality features,and cost-effective performance.

关键词： Electric vehicle Endurance mileage selling price EV sales Empirical analysis

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