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seeking Happiness for People: 70 Years of Progress on Human Rights in China

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The Journal of Human Rights 2019年第6期18卷 815-847页

作者：无 The State Council Information Office of the People’s Republic of China

September 2019 Contents PreambleⅠ.A Splendid History of China’s Human Rights ProtectionⅡ.People-centered Approach in Human Rights ProtectionⅢ.Continuing to Improve People’s Living StandardsⅣ.Effectively Ensuring That People Enjoy Their RightsⅤ.Protecting the Rights of Special GroupsⅥ.Strengthening the Rule of Law for Human RightsⅦ.Full Participation in Global Governance of Human RightsⅧ.

关键词： Years of Progress on Human Rights in China seeking Happiness for People

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seeking TRUTHS

The World of Chinese 2021年第2期 82-85页

作者：徐盈盈不详

When Lau Kek Huat ticked the"filmmaking"box as his field of studies at Taiwan University of Arts,it was the first time he realized that filmmaking was something one could"learn."He had come to Taiwan merely seeking a different kind of life.Before that,he had already completed a degree in business administration in Singapore,got hit by the 1997 financial crisis,and taught in a Chinese elementary school for four years.

关键词： Taiwan something seeking

Parents’ and caregivers’ attitudes towards malaria, and health care seeking practices for their febrile children in a hospital in north-eastern Nigeria

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Advances in Health and Behavior 2019年第1期2卷 69-74页

作者： Mohammed Abba Mustapha Ahmed Dahiru Balami Department of Paediatrics State Specialist Hospital Maiduguri Borno state Nigeria Department of Community Health Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Malaysia

Despite the very high burden of malaria among children in Borno state, the proportion of those who receive standard treatment has been very low. This study aimed to determine malaria knowledge, attitude towards prevention, and health care seeking behaviours of parents or caregivers of children presenting with fever at the paediatric clinic of a secondary-level hospital in Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design was used to obtain information from the respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, from the parents or caregivers of children presented to the Paediatric clinic with history of fever, and analysed in SPSS. A total of 331 respondents were finally recruited into the study. The ages of the children ranged from one to fourteen years. Some of them (15.3%) were internally displaced persons (IDPs). As many as 90.7% and 91.9% of the respondents believed that malaria is a life-threatening illness, and ITNs could prevent malaria, respectively. Less than a half of them (42.3%) had immediately brought their children to the hospital once they detected the fever. At the hospital, only 202 (60.7%) of the children had had malaria parasite test done on them, of which 89.1% tested positive. Permanent residents were more likely to promptly take their children to the hospital, one they detected fever, compared to IDPs ( 2=12.401, df =1, p=0.002). There is the need for promoting early presentation of febrile children to health centres, and also promoting routine malaria tests for febrile persons.

关键词： malaria attitudes health care seeking behaviour fever children

Knowledge and health seeking behavior for malaria among the local inhabitants in an endemic area of Ethiopia: implications for control

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Health 2010年第6期2卷 575-581页

作者： Kaliyaperumal Karunamoorthi Abdi Kumera 不详

This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge and health seeking behavior for malaria among the local inhabitants in an endemic area of Ethiopia: Implications for control. 98.6% and 80.7% of respondents had awareness about malaria and the cause (‘mosquito bite’) of malaria, respectively. 186 (81.6%) respondents seek treatment for a febrile disease from health care facilities. Chi-square analysis revealed a strong association between the edu- cational status of respondents and the measures they take to prevent malaria (Х2 = 58.7;df = 16;p seeking behaviour. However, still a sizable faction had misconception and undesirable health seeking behaviour. It’s a major barrier to implement effective malaria control strategies in the resource- limited settings particularly in country like Ethiopia. In this context, appropriate communication strategies apparently inevitable. Therefore, appropriate communication strategies should be designed to promote the knowledge and health seeking behaviour of vulnerable section of the society in this vicinity.

关键词： Malaria Knowledge Health seeking behaviour Ethiopia

Healthcare seeking trends in acute respiratory infections among children of Pakistan

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World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2017年第3期7卷 38-45页

作者： Hana Mahmood Samina Mohsin Khan Saleem Abbasi Yahya Sheraz International Research Force/Maternal Neonatal and Child Health Research Network (MNCHRN) ARI Research Cell Children Hospital Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) Department of Public Health Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University (SZABMU) MNCHRN and ARI Research Cell Children Hospital PIMS SZABMU International Research Force

AIM To assess healthcare seeking trends among Pakistani children with acute respiratory infections through comparative analysis between demographic health surveys(DHS) 2006-2007 and 2012-2013. METHODS Data of the last born children 0-24 mo of age of the sampled households from both the DHS was analyzedafter seeking permission from the DHS open access website. These were children who had suffered from cough and/or breathing difficulty in the past two weeks and sought health care thereafter. The trends of health care seeking were determined separately for the individual, household and community level according to the study parameters. χ2 test was applied to compare these trends. A P-value of seeking practices was observed among illiterate mothers(64% vs 77%) although there was minimal change in those literate. Similarly, those women working also showed an increase in healthcare seeking from 67% to 79%. Additionally, those belonging to low and middle socioeconomic class showed a marked increase as compared to those in the higher class where there was no significant change. Whereas those living in rural communities also showed an increase from 66% to 78%.CONCLUSION Increasing health budget, improving maternal education and strengthening multi-sectoral coordination are among the effective strategies to improve outcomes associated with healthcare seeking in ARI.

关键词： Acute respiratory infections Demographic health surveys Comparison Pneumonia Healthcare seeking

Factors that contribute to delay in seeking cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment among women in Malawi

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Health 2012年第11期4卷 1015-1022页

作者： Eleanor Chadza Ellen Chirwa Alfred Maluwa Address Malata Abigail Kazembe Angela Chimwaza Department of Maternal and Child Health Kamuzu College of Nursing University of Malawi Blantyre Malawi Department of Maternal and Child Health Kamuzu College of Nursing University of Malawi Lilongwe Malawi Department of Medical Surgical Nursing Kamuzu College of Nursing University of Malawi Blantyre Malawi Research Directorate Kamuzu College of Nursing University of Malawi Lilongwe Malawi St. Lukes’ College of Nursing and Midwifery Zomba Malawi

Cervical cancer is a curable disease if diagnosed early. However, many women in Malawi seek treatment when the disease has reached inoperable stage. This study was conducted to explore factors that contribute to delay in seeking early diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer among women in Malawi. The study was exploratory and utilized qualitative data collection and analysis method. In-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide on a purposive sample of 24 women who were diagnosed of cervical cancer at the gynaecological wards of Zomba and Queen Elizabeth Central Hospitals in Malawi between July and September, 2011. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. Two major themes (individual and health facility) emerged from the participants’ narratives as factors that contributed to their delay in seeking early diagnosis and treatment. The individual factors included;limited knowledge on symptoms and signs and limited financial resources. The health facilities factors included;limited accessibility and unavailability of cancer screening facilities in the health centres. Results show that there is a need to strengthen the screening of cervical cancer among women in the country. In addition, there is a need to create community awareness on the signs and symptoms of cervical cancer and the merits of seeking early diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Cervical Cancer Health seeking Behaviour Visual Cervix Inspection Symptoms and Signs of Cervical Cancer Cancer Screening Services

Power Maximization and Control of Variable-Speed Wind Turbine System Using Extremum seeking

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2018年第1期6卷 51-69页

作者： Safanah M. Rafaat Rajaa Hussein Control and Systems Engineering Department University of Technology Baghdad Iraq

Maximizing the power capture is an important issue to the turbines that are installed in low wind speed area. In this paper, we focused on the modeling and control of variable speed wind turbine that is composed of two-mass drive train, a Squirrel Cage Induction Generator (SCIG), and voltage source converter control by Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SPVWM). To achieve Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), the reference speed to the generator is searched via Extremum seeking Control (ESC). ESC was designed for wind turbine region II operation based on dither-modulation scheme. ESC is a model-free method that has the ability to increase the captured power in real time under turbulent wind without any requirement for wind measurements. The controller is designed in two loops. In the outer loop, ESC is used to set a desired reference speed to PI controller to regulate the speed of the generator and extract the maximum electrical power. The inner control loop is based on Indirect Field Orientation Control (IFOC) to decouple the currents. Finally, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used to obtain the optimal PI parameters. Simulation and control of the system have been accomplished using MATLAB/Simulink 2014.

关键词： Wind Turbine Indirect Field Orientation Control (IFOC) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Extremum seeking Control (ESC) Particle Swarm Op-timization (PSO) PI Controller

Health Care seeking Behaviour and Predictors of Combined Orthodox and Traditional Health Care Utilization among Households in Communities in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2017年第7期7卷 115-137页

作者： Chukwuma B. Duru Anthony C. Iwu Kenechi A. Uwakwe Kevin C. Diwe Irene A. Merenu Chukwuma U. Okafor Chukwuyem Abejegah Ugochukwu C. Madubueze Emmanuel U. Ndukwu Ikechi Ohale Department of Community Medicine Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Psychiatry University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital Irrua Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Background: Health care seeking behaviour is a complex, dynamic and multidimensional process that involves a sequence of remedial actions that are influenced by the interaction between the individual, household and community with the intention of addressing perceived ill health. Objective: To determine health care seeking attitude and behaviour and the predictors of combined orthodox and traditional health care use among households in communities in Owerri, Imo State. Nigeria. Methods: A cross sectional design that used a multistage random sampling technique to select 500 participants from households in two communities in Owerri, Imo State. Data was collected using a pretested, semi structured questionnaire. Descriptive analyses were done with frequencies and summary statistics. Chi square statistics were computed to determine significant relationships and binary logistic regression was used to determine predictors of combined use. P was set at 0.05 significance level. Results: The results revealed that, while just more than half of the respondents (56.4%) had a moderate to good level of overall knowledge of health care, almost all of the respondents (96.2%) also had a moderate to good level of overall positive attitude towards seeking health care;with less than one third (29.4%) using combined orthodox and traditional health care treatments. It further revealed that, respondents who were female, traders and from households of polygamous families were significantly more likely to use combined orthodox and traditional health care treatments (p < 0.05) while those with a tertiary level of education, from households with a professional as head, having private water closet toilets and earning a monthly income of more than 50,000 Naira ($140) were significantly less likely to use combined orthodox and traditional health care treatments (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a need to be more sensitive to the realities of the combined use of orthodox and traditional treatments, as its use will be difficult to prevent because

关键词： Health seeking Behaviour Combined Use Orthodox and Traditional Treatments Nigeria

Awareness and Practice of Proper Health seeking Behaviour and Determinant of Self-Medication among Physicians and Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest Nigeria

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2019年第1期9卷 36-49页

作者： Kayode Rasaq Adewoye Shuaib Kayode Aremu Tope Michael Ipinnimo Idris Adedayo Salawu Tesleem Olayinka Orewole Adewumi Bakare Department of Community Medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Ido Ekiti/Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria ENT Department Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti/Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Ido Ekiti Nigeria Department of surgery Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Anesthesia Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti/Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti/Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

Background: There is generally a lack of good health-seeking practices among health professionals due to a variety of factors, including the intensity of the medical practice itself. Doctors and nurses are perceived to have a good knowledge of ideal health-seeking behaviors and as such, it is important to determine the level of their awareness and estimate whether this knowledge is put into practice. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the level of awareness and practices of proper health-seeking behavior and to identify the factors responsible for self-medication among doctors and nurses in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between April and may 2018 among 106 doctors and 164 nurses in a tertiary health facility in Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique by balloting was performed from the list of doctors and nurses in the hospital to select doctors and nurses that participated in the study. A pretested semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was designed and used to collect data. The data were entered into the computer software and analyzed using SPSS version 20. P ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant. Result: Out of 106 doctors and 164 nurses recruited, only 102 doctors and 143 nurses filled the questionnaire completely and returned for analysis. One hundred and four respondents (42.4%) fall within the ages of 31 - 40 years with a male to female ratio of 1:1.23. Awareness of proper health seeking behavior among both doctors and nurses was high among the two groups with no statistically significant difference between them. Twenty-nine (28.0%) doctors compared with thirty-four (23.8%) nurses go for a regular medical check-up with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.411). Out of these, 5 (17.2%) doctors and 7 (23.8%) nurses visit at an interval of less than 6 month (p = 0.736). There is a statistically significant difference in the number of doctors (60.8%) compared with

关键词： Health seeking Behavior Self-Medication Awareness Doctors Nurses