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Effects of seeding rate, Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Grass Yield of Forage Millet ( Setaria itlica) in Hebei

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2016年第5期8卷 283-290,314页

作者： Zhou Hanzhang Liu Huan Zhou Xinjian Wei Zhimin Yuan Shuhong Hou Shenglin Xia Xueyan Institute of Millet Crops Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/National Foxtail Millet Improvement Center/Minor Cereal Crops Laboratory of Hebei Province Shijiazhuang 050035 China Agricultural Bureau of Shenze County Shenze 052560 China Agricultural Bureau of Shijiazhuang City Shijiazhuang 050021 China

The paper was to study the effects of seeding rate, water and fertilizer （ N, P, K） coupling on grass yield of forage millet Jigu No. 18 （Setaria itlica）. A quadratic regression otthogonal rotation combination with five factors was designed in pot experiment. The mathematical model between hay yield of forage millet （Y） and soil moisture content （ x1 ）, N fertilizer （x2 ）, P fertilizer （x3 ）, K fertilizer （x4） and seeding rate （x5 ） was established to simulate optimization. The results showed that moisture content, seeding rate, P fertilizer and K fertilizer had important effects on hay yield. Soil moisture content had the biggest impact on yield, followed by seeding rate, P and K fertilizer. The coupling effects of various factors successively were moisture content / seeding rate 〉 K fertil- izer/seeding rate 〉 N / P fertilizer 〉 soil moisture/N fertilizer 〉 soil moisture/ P fertilizer. Moreover, the mathematical model, Y = 20 543. 756 - 565. 570xI -39. 942x2 -23. 102x3 -38. 470x4 - 151. 877x5 ＋ 1. 052x^x2 ＋ 1. 604xIx3 ＋ 12. 953xt x5 - 0. 173x2x3 ＋ 0. 737x4x5 - 2. 292x5^2, was established. The optimum soil moisture and seeding rate were determined as 10% andl5 kg/hm2, respectively. In this scheme, the hay yield was 14 037. 151 0 kg/hm^2 and the economic benefit was 13 887.15 yuan/hm^2 ; the income was increased by 23.68% （ 3 288.98 yuan/hm^2 ） compared to the optimal combination in the test. The results provided a theoretical basis and technical support for forage millet production in Hebei Province.

关键词： Forage millet seeding rate Water and fertilizer coupling Hay yield

Grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of an ultrashort-duration variety grown under different nitrogen and seeding rates in direct-seeded and double-season rice in Central China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第4期22卷 1009-1020页

作者： WANG Xin-yu YANG Guo-dong XU Le XIANG Hong-shun YANG Chen WANG Fei PENG Shao-bing National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Hubei Hongshan Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070P.R.China

Nitrogen(N) and seeding rates are important factors affecting grain yield and N use efficiency(NUE) in directseeded rice. However, these factors have not been adequately investigated on direct-seeded and double-season rice(DDR) in Central China. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various N and seeding rates on the grain yield and NUE of an ultrashort-duration variety grown under DDR. Field experiments were conducted in 2018 in Wuxue County and 2019 in Qichun County, Hubei Province, China with four N rates and three seeding rates.The results showed that the grain yield of the ultrashort-duration variety ranged from 6.32 to 8.23 t ha–1with a total growth duration of 85 to 97 days across all treatments with N application. Grain yield was increased significantly by N application in most cases, but seeding rate had an inconsistent effect on grain yield. Furthermore, the response of grain yield to the N rates was much higher than the response to seeding rates. The moderate N rates of 100–150 and 70–120 kg N ha–1in the early and late seasons, respectively, could fully express the yield potential of the ultrashort-duration variety grown under DDR. Remarkably higher N responses and agronomic NUE levels were achieved in the early-season rice compared with the late-season rice due to the difference in indigenous soil N supply capacity(INS) between the two seasons. Seasonal differences in INS and N response should be considered when crop management practices are optimized for achieving high grain yield and NUE in ultrashort-duration variety grown under DDR.

关键词： direct-seeded and double-season rice grain yield nitrogen rate nitrogen use efficiency seeding rate

Increased pod yield by single-seed sowing at a reduced seeding rate in peanut

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Increased pod yield by single-seed sowing at a reduced seedi...

Effects of AG1 and AG2 QTLs on Nonstructural Carbohydrate and Seed Management Options for Rice Seedling Growth and Establishment under Flooding Stress

中国作物学会——2015年学术年会

作者： Xiao-Yan Liang Feng Guo Ye Feng Jia-Lei Zhang Jing-Jing Meng Hai-Jun Zhao Lin Li Xin-Guo Li Shu-Bo Wan

Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is a leguminous plant of great agricultural and economic importance that can be used as a primary crop or as a source of several food products.China is one of the major peanut producers with the highest total yield of peanut in the world.Double seed sowing(two seeds per hole)is the dominant sowing pattern of peanut in China,but within-hole competition of two plants limits their growth and yield formation.Single seed sowing(one seed per hole)may be an alternative to solve the problem.The objective of this study is to determine if single seed sowing yielded better than double seed sowing.A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to compare pod yields of single seed sowing at 180,000(S180),225,000(S225),270,000 seeds ha"1(S270)and with that of double seed sowing at 270000 seeds ha(D270)using a completely randomized block design with four replications,and the root growth,nutrient uptake and the main hormone contents were also investigated.Although S225 yielded better than other treatments,pod yield of single seed sowing at three densities were all higher than that of traditional double seed sowing(D270).Analysis of yield components,biomass and harvest index showed no significant difference in pod number and biomass among treatments.The higher pod yield in single seed sowing at 225,000 seeds hawas mainly due to higher pod weight and harvest index.Single seed sowing remarkably improved root and shoot growth,and root activity was also significantly improved as indicated with increased root reductive activity,root nitrate reductase(NR)activity and root ATPase activity,and root bleeding sap rate along with the nutrition delivery rate such as free amino acid,soluble sugar and K,Mg,Zn,Carelative to double seed sowing.It is suggested that single seed sowing improved root growth and activity,thus increased pod yield.Single seed sowing at about 225,000 plants hais a potent practice to increase pod yield with relatively lower seeding rate in peanut.

关键词： Peanut Sowing pattern seeding rate Root traits Yield

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Rice science 2020年第6期27卷 515-528页

作者： Satyen MONDAL M.Jamil Hasan Tofayel Ahmed M.Giashuddin Miah Pompe C.Sta Cruz Abdel M.ISMAIL International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manilathe Philippines Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur 1701Bangladesh University of the Philippines Los Banos CollegeLaguna 4031the Philippines Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur 1706Bangladesh

Rice(Oryza sativa)plants acquired excess photosynthates in the form of nonstructural carbohydrates(NSCs)in their stems and grain.Despite keen interest in rice NSC,the dynamics of NSC accumulation,translocation and re-accumulation have not yet been well investigated.AG1 and AG2 QTLs associated with flooding tolerance through catalyzing starch into soluble sugar in germinating seeds.Here we conducted three experiments,greenhouse and field to lay the groundwork for large-scale diversity studies on grain NSC and some agronomic traits under direct-seeded rice(DSR)system,using elite lines incorporating AG1,AG2 and AG1-AG2 QTLs into the popular varieties PSB Rc82 and Ciherang-Sub1 along with the donors Kho Hlan On(AG1)and Ma-Zhan Red(AG2).In germinating seedlings,soluble sugars increased,while starch concentration decreased gradually especially in the tolerant checks and AG1-AG2 introgression lines under flooded soil.Soluble sugar accumulation in stem started to increase from the vegetative stage and peaked at the panicle initiation stage then gradually decreased towards the maturity stage.But Sub1-AG lines had higher sugar and starch concentrations at different growth stages than other genotypes in wet season 2016 and dry season 2017.Plant survival rate was positively correlated with the stem NSC at the early vegetative stage(21 days after sowing),and stem NSC was positively associated with plant height at different growth stages.Among the tested seeding rate,the most suitable seeding rate,4 g/m2 with shallow burial depth(0.5 cm),resulted in better seedling establishment,relatively higher seedling vigor index and higher leaf area index under flooding in DSR system.Introgression of AG1-AG2 QTLs had no any negative impact on nonstructural carbohydrate,germination rate,and growth and biomass production.

关键词： anaerobic germination crop establishment direct-seeded rice flooding nonstructural carbohydrate seeding rate seeding depth

Design and evaluation of a maize monitoring system for precision planting

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第4期11卷 186-192页

作者： Yanxin Yin Liping Chen Zhijun Meng Bin Li Changhai Luo Weiqiang Fu Hebo Mei Wuchang Qin Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100089China National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture Beijing 100089China Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology for Agriculture Beijing 10089China

To increase the accuracy and real-time performance of on-line assessment of maize planting,a CAN bus based maize monitoring system for precision planting was designed and tested both in laboratory and field.The system was mainly comprised of:(a)seeding rate sensors based on opposite-type infrared photoelectric cell for counting the dropping seeds;(b)a decimeter GPS receiver for acquiring planter position and operation speed;(c)a vehicle monitoring terminal based on ARM Cotex-m4 core chip to acquire and process the whole-system data;(d)a touchscreen monitor to display the planter performance for the operator;and(e)a buzzer alarm to sound a warning when skip and double seeding happened.Taking the applicability,dependability and feasibility of the monitoring system into consideration,the opposite-type infrared photoelectric sensors were selected and their deployment strategies in the 6-port seed tube were analyzed.To decrease the average response time,a distributed information communication structure was adopted.In this information communication mode,collectors were designed for each individual sensor and communicated with sensors through two-wire CAN bus.A sensor together with the designed collector is called a sensor node,and each of them worked individually and took the responsibility for acquiring,processing,and transiting the on-going information.Laboratory test results showed that the random error distribution was approximately normal,and by liner analysis,the system observed value and the true value had as a liner relationship with coefficient of determination R^(2)=0.9991.Series of field tests showed that the seeding rate maximum relative error of the 6-port seed tube was 2.92%,and the maximum root mean square error(RMSE)was about 1.64%.The monitoring system,including sensor nodes,vehicle monitoring terminal and a touch-screen monitor,was proved to be dependable and stable with more than 14 d of continuous experiments in field.

关键词： maize precision planting monitoring system seeding rate on-line assessment CAN bus

Experimental study on performance of pneumatic seeding system

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第6期9卷 84-90页

作者： Liu Lijing Yang Hui Ma Shaochun Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Beijing 100083China Collaborative Innovation Center for Southern Grain and Oil Crop Changsha 410128China Shandong Changlin Deutz-Fahr Machinery Co. Ltd.Linshu 276700China College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

The purpose of this study was to promote the development of large-scale agricultural machines in China and meet the demand of air seeder localization.This study investigated the relationship between the working parameters and the performance of pneumatic seeding system,Cangmai 6004 wheat seed was used.A test platform for pneumatic seeding systems was developed,and then a series of experiments were performed based on the quadratic general rotary unitized design and response surface methodology(RSM).The seeding rate and the air flow rate were selected as affecting factors,coefficient of variation(CV)of evenness of feeding rate between rows and CV of seeding stability of total rows were assigned as the test indexes.Regression models between factors and indexes were established,and finally,an optimal equation based on this pneumatic seeding system were established as well,which can determine the proper air flow rate once the seeding rate was set based on the practical agronomic requirements.For example,when the seeding rate is set as 250 kg/hm^(2),the proper air flow rate of 7.53 m3/min can be obtained.The verification experiment results showed that the predicted working parameters obtained by RSM were feasible,which might provide a theoretical basis for further research of pneumatic seed metering systems.

关键词： pneumatic seeding system seeding rate air flow rate quadratic general rotary unitized design regression model

The Variation of β-glucan and Protein Content in Barley as Affected by Agronomic Practices

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第10期1卷 1162-1167页

作者： ZHANG Guo-ping, WANG Jun-mei, CHEN Jin-xin, YIN Chen and DING Shou-ren(Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029 , P. R. China) Agronomy Department Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 P.R.China

The influences of N application rate, timing, sowing date and seeding rate on β-glucan and protein content in barley grains were studied through the field experiments in Hangzhou, China during 1997 -2001. Protein content increased with N application rate and with N proportion applied at late stage. β-glucan content also responded significantly to N application rate and timing, but with different pattern with protein content. Of three N rate treatments, the medium N rate (135 kg ha-1) had the highest β-glucan content, being significantly higher than low N rate (90 kg ha-1) and no difference with high N rate (180 kg ha-1). A-mong three N timing treatments, two times of N top-dressing at both tillering and booting stage had significantly higher β-glucan content than once N top-dressing at tillering or booting stage. Sowing date has the dramatic effect on both β-glucan and protein content. Protein content decreased with the delayed sowing, and kernel weight showed opposite tendency. Either earlier or later sowing caused increased β-glucan content relative to sowing in early November, which is the normal date for barley sowing locally. seeding rate had no significant influence on both β-glucan and protein content.

关键词： Barley β-glucan Nitrogen fertilizer Protein Sowing date seeding rate

不同播种量、不同品种紫花苜蓿生产性能和营养价值的研究

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不同播种量、不同品种紫花苜蓿生产性能和营养价值的研究

作者：李冠真河南农业大学

学位级别：硕士

为了探究紫花苜蓿播种量和品种对植株数动态及生产性能的影响,在河南农业大学科教试验园区,采用裂区设计,以播种量(15.0、22.5、30.0kg/公顷)为主区,8个不同秋眠级苜蓿品种为副区,进行田间试验,对其生产性能和营养价值进行研究。结果表... 详细信息

为了探究紫花苜蓿播种量和品种对植株数动态及生产性能的影响,在河南农业大学科教试验园区,采用裂区设计,以播种量(15.0、22.5、30.0kg/公顷)为主区,8个不同秋眠级苜蓿品种为副区,进行田间试验,对其生产性能和营养价值进行研究。结果表明：1)三个播种量的越冬率无显著性变化;但不同苜蓿品种的越冬率有差异,在85。53%-98.24%之间,其中秋眠和半秋眠苜蓿品种的越冬率都显著高于非秋眠品种,从安全越冬考虑,在河南省宜栽培秋眠和半秋眠品种。2)不同播种量的苜蓿均早现出生长初期植株数量大,以后逐渐下降最后趋于稳定的趋势;生长初期3个不同播种量的植株数差别较大,随着生艮时期的推移,其差别逐渐缩小,最后恒定,这种趋势不因品种而改变。表明不同苜蓿品种尽管播种量差别较大,但经过一定生长期后,其植株数都将趋于一致。3)低播种量时植株通过增加高度补偿其生长,故三个播量各茬的干物质产量差异并不显著,考虑到种子成本等因素,每公顷播量以15kg为宜;不同苜蓿品种的年总干物质产量差别不显著,但以半秋眠和非秋眠品种产量较高,综合越冬率等因素,在我国河南、山东等中部地区,以栽培半秋眠苜蓿比较合适。4)秋眠级和植株高度、干物质产量存在显著的正相关关系,株高和干物质产姑之间极显著正相关,利用这种关系可以作为选育高产品种的主要依据之一。5)依据权重系数排名,半秋眠苜蓿品种的营养价值最好,其次是秋眠苜蓿,非秋眠苜蓿最著,排名前三位的品种是惊喜、WL-363HQ、WL-343,秋眠级分别是4、5、4级;三个播种量比较,30kg/hm2营养价值最好,22.5kg/hm2次之,15kg/hm2最差;6)运用层次分析法评价并建立年均苜蓿营养成分评价模型：φ=0.331CP+0.250NDF+0.208ADF+0.073ASH+0.069Ca+0.043EE+0.025P;4)秋眠级与粗蛋白质和磷含量呈极显著负相关关系,与钙和粗灰分呈极显著正相关关系;粗蛋白质与磷呈显著正相关关系,与酸性洗涤纤维和钙含量呈显著负相关关系;粗脂肪与中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维呈极显著负相关关系;粗灰分与中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量呈极显著正相关关系。

关键词： Alfalfa seeding rate Fall dormancy Growth traits Yield Nutritional quality AHP