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seed bank dynamics of an invasive alien species, Helianthus annuus L.

Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第3期13卷 313-322页

作者： Alejandro Presotto Fernando Hernández Mauricio Casquero Roman Vercellino Claudio Pandolfo Mónica Poverene Miguel Cantamutto Dpto.Agronomía Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)San Andrés 8008000 Bahía BlancaArgentina CERZOS Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)-CONICETCamino La Carrindanga Km 78000 Bahía BlancaArgentina Corteva Agriscience.Integrated field Sciences RN N178 Km 112700 PergaminoArgentina Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria(INTA)RN N3 Km 7948142 Hilario AscasubiArgentina

Aims The ability to form persistent seed banks is one of the best predictors of species’potential to establish in new *** sunflower is native to North America where the formation of persistent seed banks is promoted by disturbance and it plays a key role on the establishment and persistence of native ***,the role of the seed banks on the establishment and persistence of invasive populations has not been ***,we evaluated the role of seed bank and disturbance on the establishment and fitness,and seed persistence in the soil in several sunflower biotypes collected in ruderal(wild Helianthus annuus)and agrestal(natural crop–wild hybrid)habitats of Argentina as well as volunteer populations(progeny of commercial cultivars).Methods In a seed-bank experiment,we evaluated emergence,survival to reproduction,survival of emerged seedlings,inflorescences per plant and per plot under disturbed and undisturbed conditions over 2 years;in a seed-burial experiment,we evaluated seed persistence in the soil over four springs(6,18,30 and 42 months).Important Findings Overall,seedling emergence was early in the growing season(during winter),and it was promoted by disturbance,especially in the first *** this,the number of inflorescences per plot was similar under both conditions,especially in *** the second year,emergence from the seed bank was much lower,but the survival rate was *** the seed-burial experiment,genetic differences were observed but seeds of ruderals and agrestals persisted up to 42 months while seeds of the volunteer did not persist longer than 6 *** agrestal biotype showed an intermediate behavior between ruderals and volunteers in both *** findings showed that wild and crop–wild sunflower can form persistent seed banks outside its native range and that disturbance may facilitate its establishment in new areas.

关键词： seed bank seed persistence wild sunflower invasive alien species ruderal agrestal

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Impact of forest fire on soil seed bank composition in Himalayan Chir pine forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第2期13卷 177-184页

作者： Bobbymoore Konsam Shyam S.Phartyal Nagendra P.Todaria Department of Forestry and Natural Resource H.N.B.Garhwal UniversitySrinagar-GarhwalUttarakhandIndia School of Ecology and Environment Studies(SEES) Nalanda UniversityRajgirBiharIndia

Aims To explain how plant community copes with a recurring anthropogenic forest fire in Himalayan Chir pine forest,it is important to understand their postfire regeneration *** primary aim of the study was to know:(i)how fire impact soil seed bank composition and(ii)how much soil seed bank composition differs with standing vegetation after the forest *** Soil samples were collected from burned and adjoining unburned sites in blocks using three layers down to 9 cm depth immediately after a forest fire and incubated in the net-house for seedling *** sites were revisited during late monsoon/early autumn season to know the species composition of standing vegetation recovered after a forest *** Findings Soil contained viable seeds of>70 *** average seed bank density was 8417 and 14217 seeds/m^(2) in the burned and unburned site,*** both sites,it decreased with increasing soil *** fire had no significant impact on seed density;however,taking individual layers into consideration,fire had a significant impact on seed density only in the uppermost soil *** species richness of soil seed bank and standing vegetation was 73 and 100,respectively(with 35 shared species),resulting in a similarity of about 40%.In contrast,>80%species in soil seed bank was found similar between burned and unburned ***,there were no significant differences in species richness of standing vegetation in burned(87 spp.)and unburned(78 spp.)*** results showed that fire had an insignificant impact on soil seed bank composition and restoration potential of a plant species from *** understory herb and shrub plant community’s ability to form a fire-resistant viable soil seed bank and capable to recover in the postfire rainy season,explains how they reduce the risk of recurring fire damage in maintaining their population.

关键词： anthropogenic forest fire Garhwal Himalaya seed ecology seed persistence species diversity species richness understory plant community

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