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Invasive oaks escape pre-dispersal insect seed predation and trap enemies in their seeds

Integrative Zoology 2018年第3期13卷 228-237页

作者： MichałBOGDZIEWICZ Raul BONAL Josep MESPELTA Ewa M.KALEMBA Michael A.STEELE RafałZWOLAK Department of Systematic Zoology Faculty of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznańPoland CREAF Cerdanyola del VallesCataloniaSpain Forest Research Group INDEHESAUniversity of ExtremaduraPlasenciaSpain DITEG Research Group University of Castilla-La ManchaToledoSpain Laboratory of seed Biochemistry Institute of DendrologyPolish Academy of SciencesKórnikPoland Department of Biology Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePennsylvaniaUSA

Species introduced to habitats outside their native range often escape control by their natural *** competing with native species,an alien species might also affect the native herbivores by introducing a new source of different quality ***,we describe the case of northern red oak(Quercus rubra)invasion in *** collected data on insect(moth Cydia *** weevil Curculio spp.)seed predation of northern red oak in its native(USA,North America)and invasive(Poland,Europe)range,as well as for sessile oaks(Quercus petrea)in *** also evaluated the quality of acorns as hosts for weevil larvae by collecting infested acorns and measuring weevil developmental success,and quantifying acorn traits such as seed mass,tannins,lipids and protein *** used DNA barcoding to identify insects to the species *** predation by moths was similar and very low in both species and in both ***,red oaks escape pre-dispersal seed predation by weevils in *** infestation rates of northern red oak acorns in their invasive range were 10 times lower than that of sessile oaks,and also 10 times lower than that of red oaks in North ***,even when weevils oviposited into northern red oaks,the larvae failed to develop,suggesting that the exotic host created a trap for the *** phenomenon might gradually decrease the local abundance of the seed predator,and further aid the invasion.

关键词： biotic invasions ecological trap enemy release hypothesis seed predation weevils

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Trait-mediated seed predation, dispersal and survival among frugivore-dispersed plants in a fragmented subtropical forest, Southwest China

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第3期9卷 246-254页

作者： Xin LAI Cong GUO Zhishu XIAO Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment Ministry of EducationCollege of Life ScienceSichuan UniversityChengduChina State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

By tracking the fate of individual seeds from 6 frugivore-dispersed plants with contrasting seed traits in a fragmented subtropical forest in Southwest China,we explored how rodent seed predation and hoarding were influenced by seed traits such as seed size,seed coat hardness and seed ***-dispersal seed fates varied significantly among the 6 seed species and 3 patterns were witnessed:large-seeded species with a hard seed coat(*** axillaries and Diospyros kaki ***)had more seeds removed,cached and then surviving at caches,and they also had fewer seeds predated but a higher proportion of seeds surviving at the source;medium-sized species with higher profitability and thinner seed coat(*** zhennan and Padus braohypoda)were first harvested and had the lowest probability of seeds surviving either at the source or at caches due to higher predation before or after removal;and small-seeded species with lower profitability(*** japonicas and Cornus controversa)had the highest probability of seeds surviving at the source but the lowest probability of seeds surviving at caches due to lower predation at the source and lower hoarding at *** study indicates that patterns of seed predation,dispersal and survival among frugivore-dispersed plants are highly determined by seed traits such as seed size,seed defense and seed profitability due to selective predation and hoarding by seed-eating ***,trait-mediated seed predation,dispersal and survival via seed-eating rodents can largely affect population and community dynamics of frugivore-dispersed plants in fragmented forests.

关键词： frugivore-dispersed plants secondary seed dispersal seed-eating rodents seed predation seed traits

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Spatial and temporal effects on seed dispersal and seed predation of Musa acuminata in southern Yunnan, China

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第1期7卷 30-40页

作者： Lingzeng MENG Xiuxia GAO Jin CHEN Konrad MARTIN Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesMenglunChina University of Hohenheim Institute of Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and SubtropicsStuttgartGermany

Wild bananas are abundant in tropical areas and many ecologists have observed that the succession process is quicker following increased *** study was conducted to analyze animal–seed interactions and their effects on the seed fate of a wild banana species(Musa acuminata)in tropical southern Yunnan(China)through experiments considering spatial(site and habitat)and temporal(seasons)*** largest proportion of fruits(81%)was removed by frugivorous seed dispersers,especially by bats at *** 13%of the fruits were removed by climbing seed predators(different species of rats).In the exclosure treatment,rodents accounted for a significantly higher total artificially exposed seed removal number than ants,but with spatial and temporal *** highest seed predation rate by rodents(70%)was found in forest with wild banana stands,corresponding with the highest rodent diversity(species numbers and abundance)among the habitat *** contrast,the seed removal number by ants(57%)was highest in the open land habitats,but there was no close correlation with ant *** removal numbers by ants were significantly higher in the dry compared to the rainy season,but rodent activity showed no differences between *** overall results suggest that the largest proportion of seeds produced by wild banana are primarily dispersed by *** seed dispersal by bats at nighttime is essential for wild banana seeds to escape seed predation.

关键词： bats Musa acuminata seed dispersal seed predation tropical forest

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seed density affects post-dispersal seed predation:evidence from a seed removal experiment of 62 species

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第2期15卷 135-143页

作者： Bo WANG School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan ProvinceChina

Post-dispersal seed predation plays an important role in plant demography and biodiversity ***ever,the effects of seed density on seed predation from previous studies have been *** dissected the effects of density on the 2-step processes of seed predation using 101520 seeds from 62 plant species in an alpine pine forest for 3 consecutive *** this study we explained the current controversy surrounding the effects of density on seed *** encounter frequency(at least 1 seed being predated from an experiment depot)showed positive density dependence,while seed exploitation(the proportion of seeds being predated of the encountered depots)showed negative density *** density effects showed a consistent trend but with different magnitudes of effect across *** seed predation is the combination of seed encounter and seed *** seed predation could be either positively or negatively density-dependent and was contingent on the magnitude of the difference between positive density-dependent seed encounter and negative density-dependent seed *** results also indicated that studies including only a few species would produce biased results,because the density effect on seed predation differed greatly among plant *** studies should include a large number of plant species that possess a wide range of diverse seed traits to avoid potential bias and produce more comprehensive and accurate results.

关键词： density rodent seed encounter seed predation seed removal

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Biochar-Based seed Coating as an Effective Strategy to Reduce seed predation When Restoring Forests on Degraded Land

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第4期14卷 476-495页

作者： Kevin Chit Him Shiu Ying Ki Law Tin Yan Siu Leo Ho Yin Chu Billy Chi Hang Hau Calvin K. F. Lee School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China

As ecosystem degradation becomes more widespread, there is a growing need for efficient and effective forest restoration methods. Direct seeding is one such method that can be used to cover a relatively large area, particularly places with difficult-to-access terrain. One major obstacle hampering successful restoration via direct seeding is seed predation, as seeds are damaged or eaten. We tested the effectiveness of encrusting six species of native seeds with biochar-based coating in reducing the seeds’ chances of being predated on degraded hillsides and landslide scars in Hong Kong. The six seeded species are native trees and shrubs, including both late-successional and pioneer species that are present in forests and shrublands. Our results show that biochar-based seed coats were able to significantly reduce overall seed predation by 5.77% (SE = 1.41, p seed coats across species and seed morphology. Of the six species that were included, four of them had significantly reduced seed predation after encrusting with biochar-based seed coats, while two other species were not significantly affected by the biochar-based seed coats. When we investigated seed predation against seed morphology, we found that while the species with larger seeds were more likely to be predated when sown without any biochar-based seed coat, the effectiveness of the biochar-based seed coat to reduce predation also increased with larger seeds. Our results suggest that encrusting seeds with biochar-based seed coats is an effective means of reducing seed predation.

关键词： Biochar Forest Restoration Hong Kong seed Coating seed predation

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Frugivory and seed dispersal in the Galápagos:what is the state of the art?

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第2期6卷 110-129页

作者： Ruben HELENO Stephen BLAKE Patricia JARAMILLO Anna TRAVESET Pablo VARGAS Manuel NOGALES Mediterranean Institute of Advanced Studies(CSIC-UIB) Terrestrial Ecology GroupMallorcaBalearic Islands Royal Botanical Garden Madrid(CSIC-RJB) Madrid Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group(CSIC-IPNA) TenerifeCanary IslandsSpain Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Vogelwarte RadolfzellRadolfzellGermany Charles Darwin Foundation Puerto AyoraSanta CruzGalapagosQuitoEcuador

The Galápagos are considered a model oceanic archipelago,with unique flora and fauna currently threatened by alien invasive *** dispersal is an important ecosystem function with consequences for plant population dynamics and vegetation ***,understanding the seed dispersal abilities of the assemblages of frugivores will inform scientists and managers of the dynamics of plant invasions and improve management *** we provide the first comprehensive review of published information on frugivory and animal seed dispersal in the Galá*** collected data from a variety of sources,including notes of the first naturalist expeditions,gray literature available only in Galápagos collections,and peer-reviewed journal ***–animal frugivorous interactions were retrieved from 43 studies and compiled into an interaction matrix describing 366 unique *** studies focused on fruit consumption as a driving force for natural selection,but seed fate was seldom *** most(71%)of the interactions involved native plants,more than one-quarter(28%)involved introduced *** involving birds are considerably more common than those of reptiles and mammals,probably reflecting a research bias towards *** the historical importance of the archipelago as the laboratory for evolutionary and ecological research,understanding of its seed dispersal systems is *** end the review by suggesting 3 priority areas of research on frugivory and seed dispersal in the Galápagos:(i)target research to close knowledge gaps;(ii)the use of a network approach to frame seed dispersal at the community level;and(iii)evaluation of the effect of seed dispersal as a selective pressure acting upon plants and ***,the output of this research has to be properly delivered to the Galápagos National Park Services to help increase management effectiveness.

关键词： conservation planning oceanic islands plant invasions plant-animal interaction seed predation

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Differential seed removal,germination and seedling growth as determinants of species suitability for forest restoration by direct seeding–A case study from northern Thailand

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第4期10卷 526-534页

作者： Khuanphirom Naruangsri Pimonrat Tiansawat Stephen Elliott Forest Restoration Research Unit(FORRU) Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceChiang Mai University239 Huaykeaw RoadMueang DistrictChiang Mai50200Thailand

Background Direct seeding is potentially a more cost-effective alternative to conventional tree planting for restoring tropical forest ***,seed loss,due to removal and damage by animals,can substantially reduce seedling ***,this study examined the impact of seed predation on seedling establishment of five tree species,native to upland evergreen forests of northern Thailand:Hovenia dulcis,Alangium kurzii,Prunus cerasoides,Choerospondias axillaris and Horsfieldia *** tested the hypothesis that excluding animals would significantly reduce seed removal,and increase both germination and seedling *** objective was to calculate a composite index of the relative suitability of the species studied for direct *** seeds were placed on the ground in a deforested site and subjected to five predator-exclusion treatments:wire cage,insecticide,cage+insecticide,open cage and no exclusion(control).Results seed loss was highest for ***(the largest seed tested).Across species,wire cages significantly reduced seed loss by 12.4%compared with controls(Pseed *** germination ranged from 0 to 77%among the species *** on relative species-performance scores(combining measures of survival and seedling growth),*** was the most suitable species for direct seeding,followed by *** and ***,whilst *** and *** were *** had small seeds with low seed germination,whereas *** was subjected to high seed *** Exclusion of seed predators and the selection of suitable species may substantially increase the success of direct seeding,as a technique for restoring upland evergreen forest *** more species for their suitability is needed,to provide more diverse options for forest restoration.

关键词： Direct seeding seed predation seedling survival Species performance Northern Thailand

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Abiotic drivers shape seed inputs and outputs in a tropical wetland on Croton trinitatis population

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 65-77页

作者： Francielli Bao Arnildo Pott Pedro Manuel Villa Centro de Avaliação da Biodiversidade Pesquisa e Conservação do Cerrado(CBC)Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade(ICMBio)BrasíliaDF 70670-350Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeMS 79070-900Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduacão em Botânica Departamento de Biologia VegetalUniversidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMG 36570-900Brazil Fundación para la Conservación de la Biodiversidad Mérida 7101Venezuela

Background:Predicting how natural and anthropogenic drivers shape different ecological indicators,such as plant populations along environmental gradients,can be a relevant tool for establishing management and conservation criteria of tropical *** aimed to assess the effects of seasonal flood disturbance,type of grasslands and topographical conditions on Croton trinitatis population distribution in a tropical ***:The study was carried out in a seasonally flooded grassland(Central-West Brazil).We conducted samplings of soil on the dry and flood hydrophases of the *** took the samples in eight seasonal ponds,with 1 km interval between *** were marked during the flood period,observing the water level,one in the lowest zone,in the middle of the pond=low(ca.60 cm deep),one at the pond edge=mid(ca.30 cm deep)and one in the higher zone,on the external part=high(ca.1 cm deep).Results:The results showed that the topography,seasonality,and types of grassland determine differences in the abundance patterns of adult plants and seedlings,and seed bank and seed *** abiotic factors can shape plant population-related ecological processes and patterns,with outputs(germination and predation)and inputs(local dispersion and from neighbouring areas)of proportional seeds for the population maintenance in this ***:We emphasize the importance of these findings,to show that abiotic factors are not the only ones to be considered in ecological studies of distribution and structuring of populations in habitats with extreme seasonal events.

关键词： Environmental filter Flood disturbance Pantanal Population ecology Seasonal change seed predation seedling Soil seed bank

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seed size affects rodent–seed interaction consistently across plant species but not within species:evidence from a seed tracking experiment of 41 tree species

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第5期17卷 930-943页

作者： Si CHEN Li FENG Bo WANG School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan ProvinceChina Ailaoshan Station of Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Studies Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesJingdongYunnan ProvinceChina Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration(Anhui University) HefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Scatter-hoarding rodents play a crucial role in seed survival and seed *** one of the most important seed traits,seed size and its effect on rodent–seed interaction attract lots of *** studies usually target one or a few species and show inconsistent patterns;however,few experiments include a large number of species although many plant species usually coexist in natural forest and overlap in fruiting ***,we tracked the dispersal and predation of 26100 seeds belonging to 41 tree species in a subtropical forest for 2 *** species showed no relationships between seed size and rodent foraging preference,while the remaining species displayed diverse of patterns:monotonic decrease and increase trends,and hump-shaped and U-shaped patterns,indicating that a one-off study with a few species might give misleading ***,the seed size effect across species was consistent in both years,indicating that including a large number of species that hold a sufﬁcient range of seed size may avoid the aforementioned ***,seed size effect differed among rodent foraging processes:a negative effect on seed harvest,a hump-shaped effect on seed removal and removal distance,while a positive effect on overwinter survival of cached seeds,indicating that rodents may make trade-offs between large and small seeds both among foraging processes and within a single process,thus lead to a parabolic relationship between seed size and seed dispersal success,that is medium-sized seeds were more likely to be removed and cached,and transported with a further distance.

关键词： foraging preference plant–animal interaction scatter-hoarding seed dispersal seed predation

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Using endocarp-remains of seeds of wild apricot Prunus armeniaca to identify rodent seed predators

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Current Zoology 2009年第6期55卷 396-400页

作者： Hongmao ZHANG Wei WANG College of Life Science Huazhong Normal University Wuhan 430079 China College of Life Science China West Normal University Nanehong 630072 Sichuan China

Some rodent-dispersed seeds have a hard seed-coat(*** endocarp).Specific scrapes or dental marks on the hard seed-coat left by rodents when they eat these seeds can be used to identify seed *** this study we measured the morphological traits of endocarp-remains of seeds of wild apricot Prunus armeniaca used by Chinese white-bellied rats Niviventor confucianus and Korean field mice Apodemus *** established their Fisher's linear discriminant functions to separate endocarp-remains between the two predators.A total of 90.0% of the endocarp-remains left by Korean field mice and 88.0% of those left by Chinese white-bellied rats were correctly *** overall percentage of correct classification was 89.0%.One hundred and sixty endocarp-remains of unknown what species predated them were classified using the *** method may allow more reliable quantitative studies of the effects of Chinese white-bellied rats and Korean field mice on seed consumption and dispersal of wild apricot and this study might be used for reference in other studies of seed predators identification on hard seeds.

关键词： seed dispersal seed predation Small rodents Stepwise Fisher discriminant analysis

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